scholarly journals Does The Taste of The Plain Packaged Cigarettes in Saudi Arabia Really Changed and Differ from The Branded Cigarettes or it is A Natural Sensory Change? Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser F Bin Dhim ◽  
Mada H Basyouni ◽  
Nora A Althumiri ◽  
Rasha A. Almubarak ◽  
Weam Banjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Sensory Change ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Touch Sensation

Abstract Background: Does the taste of the plain packaged cigarettes recently implemented in Saudi Arabia really changed and differ from the branded cigarettes or it is a natural sensory Methods: 18 adult smokers, who are currently smoking cigarettes and cleared upon physical assessment before the experiment. Participants were excluded if they were planning to quit smoking or in quitting stage or have any respiratory or cardiac disease, any taste related disorder (e.g. hypogeusia / ageusia) or any acute disease that affect taste or smell (e.g. Flu). Participants who shows any abnormal vital signs check before the study (fever, shortness of breath or elevated blood pressure). Participants received 6 sequences of different random exposures (3 puffs) to 3 plain packaged cigarettes (2 from the favorite brand and 1 other brand “control”) and 3 branded cigarettes (2 from the favorite brand and 1 other brand “control”). Participants wore Virtual Reality Goggles (VR) accompany with a special software to alter the visual reality and wore gloves to alter the touch sensation.Results: Participants were not able to identify the correct type of cigarettes (plain or branded (Estimate of fixed effect -0.01 p=0.79). Moreover, there were no differences in the ability of the participants to identify their favorite brand t(-0.63) mean=0.47 p = 0.53. Conclusion: After controlling the visual and touch sensation participants were not able to difference between branded and plain packaged cigarettes in terms of taste or inducing immediate shortness of breath or cough. Interestingly, participants were not able to identify their favorite brand.

scholarly journals Does the taste of the plain packaged cigarettes in Saudi Arabia really changed and differ from the branded cigarettes or it is a natural sensory change? Pilot Experimental Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser F BinDhim ◽  
Mada H Basyouni ◽  
Nora A Althumiri ◽  
Rasha A Almubark ◽  
Weam Banjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Sensory Change ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Extreme Change ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Touch Sensation ◽  
Media Channels

BACKGROUND Saudi Arabia implemented tobacco plain packaging in August 2019. After few weeks of implementation huge number of smokers complained in various media channels especially social media (Twitter) claiming extreme change of how the cigarette taste, increase the frequency of coughing, and for some hospitalization caused by shortness of breath. OBJECTIVE The main objective is to answer the question: Does the taste of the plain packaged cigarettes recently implemented in Saudi Arabia really changed and differ from the branded cigarettes or it is a natural sensory change? The secondary objective is to observation of frequency of immediate cough or shortness of breath. METHODS This study is a pilot prospective, one-group posttest-only design, which recruited smokers 18 years old and above, who are currently smoking cigarettes and cleared upon physical assessment before the experiment. Participants received 6 sequences of different random exposures (3 puffs) to 3 plain packaged cigarettes (2 from the favorite brand and 1 other brand “control”) and 3 branded cigarettes (2 from the favorite brand and 1 other brand “control”). Participants wore Virtual Reality Goggles (VR) accompany with a special software to alter the visual reality and wore gloves to alter the touch sensation. RESULTS Participants were not able to identify the correct type of cigarettes (plain or branded (Estimate of fixed effect -0.01 p=0.79). Moreover, there were no differences in the ability of the participants to identify their favorite brand t(-0.63) mean=0.47 p = 0.53. In terms of immediate coughing out of the 108 experiments 1 episode of short coughing was observed and it was attributed to the branded cigarette not the plain packaged. CONCLUSIONS After controlling the visual and touch sensation participants were not able to difference between branded and plain packaged cigarettes in terms of taste or inducing immediate shortness of breath or cough. Interestingly, participants were not able to identify their favorite brand.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Anemiai Patient in KSA

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Eman AbdulAziz Balbaid ◽  
Manal abdulaziz Murad ◽  
Hoda Jehad Abousada ◽  
Abdurrahman Yousuf Banjar ◽  
Mashael Abdulghani Taj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a relatively common and severe complication of SCI and an independent risk factor for mortality. Sickle cell disease is considered one of the most common diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. When a healthy disease related to cardiovascular health is highlighted, sickle cell anemia may be the most common and related disease in high pulmonary pressure. In this study, we aimed to determine prevalence of PHTN in SCA patient, and associated risk factors with it.   Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in kingdom of Saudi Arabia (General population, SCA patient and CVD patient), from 29/7/2020 till 15/11/2020. The study was depending on online self-reported questionnaire that included assessing the demographic factors as gender, nationality besides, disease-related information:  SCA patient , CVD patient and DM patient. Results: we received 794 responses to our questionnaire where 93.5% of them were Saudi Arabian.  The prevalence of sickle cell anemia is 8.8%. Male represented 29.8% of patients while female represented 52.2% of patients. In SCA patients, the prevalence of PHTN was 31.8%. Moreover, it was found that having cardiac disease is considered a risk factor for developing PHTN where 37.7% of patients having cardiac disease had PHTN compared with 6.2% of health patients (OD: 9.16, 95% CI: 5.5479 to 15.13, P=0.000) while diabetes mellitus increase risk for developing PHTN by more than seven fold (OD: 7.6, 95% CI; 4.7175 to 12.4, P=0.000) and disorder of nervous system by 12 folds (OD: 12.7; 95% CI: 7.6658 to 21.09, P=0.000). Conclusion: we had found that the prevalence if SCA among Saudi Arabia is 8.8% with a higher prevalence in female than male. Moreover, the prevalence of PHTN in SCA patients was high about 31.8% which is much higher than its prevalence in normal individuals. Moreover, it was found that having cardiac disease is considered a risk factor for developing PHTN besides, having diabetic condition and disorder of nervous system which increased risk for developing PHTN in SCA by nine, seven and 12-fold respectively.

Bilateral Tension Pneumothorax Related to Acupuncture

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumi Tagami ◽  
Takashi Moriya ◽  
Kosaku Kinoshita ◽  
Katsuhisa Tanjoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tubes ◽  
Bilateral Pneumothorax

We report on a patient with a rare case of bilateral tension pneumothorax that occurred after acupuncture. A 69-year-old large-bodied man, who otherwise had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, presented with chest pressure, cold sweats and shortness of breath. Immediately after bilateral pneumothorax had been identified on a chest radiograph in the emergency room, his blood pressure and percutaneous oxygen saturation suddenly decreased to 78 mm Hg and 86%, respectively. We confirmed deterioration in his cardiopulmonary status and diagnosed bilateral tension pneumothorax. We punctured his chest bilaterally and inserted chest tubes for drainage. His vital signs promptly recovered. After the bilateral puncture and drainage, we learnt that he had been treated with acupuncture on his upper back. We finally diagnosed a bilateral tension pneumothorax based on the symptoms that appeared 8 h after the acupuncture. Because the patient had no risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax, no alternative diagnosis was proposed. We recommend that patients receiving acupuncture around the chest wall must be adequately informed of the possibility of complications and expected symptoms, as a definitive diagnosis can be difficult without complete information.

scholarly journals Smoking Cessation Practices of Dental Care Providers in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Ahmad E. Subaie ◽  
Muhsen M. Nasser ◽  
Ali A. Qussair ◽  
Aiman A. Ali ◽  
Badr A. Al Jandan
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Dental Professionals

AbstractBackground:Awareness programs are highly recommended to educate smokers and help them to quit. The aim of this study is to evaluate dental professionals' awareness and utilisation of the 5As in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Material andMethods:A survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia on 102 dental care providers (DCPs) in 2010 to assess awareness of 5As. Many factors were included in the survey such as demographic characteristics, working place, years of experiences, level of education and country of graduation.Results:Only 23 (22.5%) of our sample know about the 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange), and less than 7% of DCPs assist their patients to quit smoking. In addition, 19 (18.6%) of DCPs were smokers, and of them 6 (31.6%) smoked in front of their patients.Conclusion:Most of the dental practitioners were not aware of the 5As for smoking cessation. Most of them they did not pay attention to the willingness of their patients to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Awareness and knowledge of medical emergency in dental clinic in Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3237
Author(s):  
Maan Ahmed Sheikho ◽  
Faisal Hamad Alyahya ◽  
Fahad Alhussain Alzahrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Vasovagal Syncope ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Medical Emergencies

Background: In dentistry most of the medical emergency considered to be mild, and in some situation it can be very serious. The objective of our study is to assess knowledge and awareness of dental general practitioner, preparedness of dental clinic/team and the prevalence of most common medical emergencies encountered in dental clinics.Methods: This is a cross sectional study using self-administrated electronic questionnaire conducted on dental general practitioners (GPs) working in kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the months of January and February 2018 were recruited.Results: Less than half of the participants (47.3%) usually check vital signs before surgical extraction only and 42% before simple and surgical extraction and 8% before simple extraction only. Only 46.4% of the participants have experienced at least one medical emergency throughout their career. The most common medical emergency encountered is vasovagal syncope followed by hypoglycaemia and seizures, respectively. Majority of GPs have valid BLS and no one answered all question correctly.Conclusions: There are serious problems regarding the knowledge among dental GPs. Further studies needed to assess the education of medical emergency in schools of dentistry.

scholarly journals Awareness and Attitudes towards Common Eye Diseases among the General Population of Southern region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed A Aldhabaan ◽  
Bander Bin Saleh Alsalmy Asiri ◽  
AbdulRahman Saad M. Alahmari
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Visually Impaired Persons

Background: Globally, the number of visually impaired persons still increases; this will increase demand for more eye care services, programmes, and treatment for the visually disabled individuals. Consequently, the first step is to map the size of the problem. Detection of the related factors of visual loss and blindness is vital to build appropriate treatment, rehabilitation, and service programmes. Public awareness regarding these eye related health conditions is the first step for mapping the problem and public concern for early detection and management. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted focused on all adults in Aseer region. The study was conducted during the period from May 2020 to September 2020. Data were collected using pre-structured online questionnaire established by the researchers after intensive literature review and expert’s consultation. The questionnaire data included participants’ socio-demographic data, awareness regarding eye diseases was evaluated and its main domains included glaucoma related awareness, cataract awareness, diabetic retinopathy awareness, refractive errors awareness, and eye dryness. Results: A total of 1,014 participants in the southern region of Saudi Arabia completed the survey. Participants’ ages ranged from 18 to 75 years with mean age of 33.8 (12.2%) years old. Exactly 641 (63.2%) participants were males. Exactly 23.1% of participants defined cataract as a change in lens colour and 17.8% reported that it is an age related disorder. Glaucoma was defined as a disease that causes optic nerve damage by 22.2% of the participants while 18.6% defined the disease as a condition causing diminished peri-ocular vision. DR was defined as retinal vascular lesion disorder by 23.6% of the participants and 42.9% classified the disease as one of the DM complications. In total, good awareness regarding cataract was detected among 13.4% of the participants and 10% had good awareness regarding glaucoma. Conclusions & recommendations: In conclusion, the study revealed that overall public awareness regarding common eye diseases was very poor especially among the old aged and females. The main source of information was a family member or friend who had the disease. Key words: Eye diseases, disorders, cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, awareness, population

scholarly journals HELLP SYNDROME AND HEART DISEASE (A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY - JEDDAH- KSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140
Author(s):  
Hanyah Abdulhadi Al-Khify ◽  
◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Murad ◽  
Fatima Ibrahim Albeladi ◽  
Hoda Jehad Abousada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: HELLP is a potentially life-threatening conditions which has some similarity with preeclampsia therefore, it poses a challenging diagnostic and management issues for clinician. It is composed of H=hemolysis, EL=elevated liver enzymes and LP=low platelets. The aims of this study are to assess the prevalence of HELLP syndrome among Saudi Arabian, besides, assessing the risk factors related to it. Methodology: This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in kingdom of Saudi Arabia (female who previously get pregnant) from 07/08/2020 till 29/11/2020. The study was depending on using of online questionnaire assessing demographic factors including age and nationality besides disease-related information: Heart disease, Smoker patient, related risk factors of disease and DM patient. Results: We included 457 women who agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. 36.1 % of participants were aged between 25-35 years. 13.3 % of the sample had reported that they are smokers and 6.1 % as X-smokers while 16.8 % of the sample had diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of HELLP was 38.3 %. It was found that age is not a significant factor in occurrence of HELLP symptoms except in having distribution of liver function (P=0.005). Cardiac diseases are another significant risk factor in developing symptoms of HELLP especially high blood pressure where 46 % of patients with cardiac disease reported having high blood pressure during pregnancy with a risk of eight times over those with no cardiac disease (OR=8.03, 95 % CI=4.2100 to 15.3, P=0.000) however, it has no significant effect on developing disturbance in liver function. Conclusion: we had found the 38.3 % of females in Saudi Arabia had HELLP in their pregnancy, with increase the prevalence of some other conditions including smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and autoimmune diseases which all found to increase the risk for developing HELLP in females. More investigation is needed to explore the same prevalence using hospital based study design.

Quality of Prescribing at Primary Care Centers in Saudi Arabia

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfik A Khoja ◽  
Sulaiman Ai Al-Shammari ◽  
Mohammad Kamel Farag ◽  
Yagob Al-Mazrou
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Included Patient ◽  
Quality Of Prescribing ◽  
Common Items

Objective: To assess serious prescribing errors, prescribing rate per patient, and ranking of common illnesses and medications prescribed at primary care centers in Saudi Arabia. A proposal for improvement measures will be formulated. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of a randomly selected afternoon shift (4 working h) was carried out on November 1, 1994. All of the 367 physicians working in the health centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia participated. All prescriptions issued by physicians during this shift were entered into the study and examined with regard to a number of variables. The variables included patient demographic characteristics, vital signs, the physician's name and center, diagnosis, and prescription items. Demographic variables were excluded from analysis for purposes of confidentiality. Results: During the study period, 11,326 patients were seen, and 6,350 prescriptions were issued (for 20,320 drug entries). The average number of consultations per primary health care (PHC) physician was 30 ± 9. The average number of prescriptions per PHC physician was 17.3 ± 6, for a total of 0.56 prescriptions per patient. Of all prescriptions, 11.6% were found to have at least one error. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.2 ± 0.4. The average number of drugs per patient was 1.8 ± 0.3. Of all patients, 73% had two or fewer drug items prescribed. Upper respiratory tract infection was the most frequent diagnosis, and accounted for 31.0% of the illnesses seen. Antibiotics, analgesics/antipyretics, and tonics/vitamins were the most common items prescribed (to 16.8%, 15.4%, and 11.8% of the patients, respectively). The most common errors were those considered type B (5.39%), where the pharmacist must contact the physician before dispensing the prescription, and type C (4.59%), where the pharmacist must make a professional decision before dispensing the prescription. Missing drug strength and missing quantity of medication and frequency of dosing were observed in relatively high proportions (3.8% and 3.2%, respectively). Frequency of the daily dose, generic name of the drug, and strength of the drug were the top three missing pieces of information (89.5%, 86%, and 76.3%, respectively). Conclusions: These results represented a challenge and justified setting standards and indicators to ensure the quality of these vital activities of prescribing and dispensing. There is a need to design and implement training programs to improve PHC team prescribing and dispensing skills and establish an accurate system of error reporting.

Propofol as a bridge to extubation for high-risk children with congenital cardiac disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarena N. Teng ◽  
Jon Kaufman ◽  
Angela S. Czaja ◽  
Robert H. Friesen ◽  
Eduardo M. da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Propofol Infusion Syndrome ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Successful Extubation

AbstractBackgroundChildren with congenital cardiac defects may have associated chromosomal anomalies, airway compromise, and/or pulmonary hypertension, which can pose challenges to adequate sedation, weaning from mechanical ventilation, and successful extubation. Propofol, with its unique properties, may be used as a bridge to extubation in certain cardiac populations.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 0–17-year-old patients admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit between January, 2007 and September, 2008, who required mechanical ventilation and received a continuous infusion of propofol as a bridge to extubation. Medical charts were reviewed for demographics, associated comorbidities, as well as additional sedation medications and haemodynamic trends including vital signs and vasopressor support during the peri-infusion period. Successful extubation was defined as no re-intubation required for respiratory failure within 48 hours. Outcomes measured were successful extubation, evidence for propofol infusion syndrome, haemodynamic stability, and fluid and inotropic requirements.ResultsWe included 11 patients for a total of 12 episodes. Propofol dose ranged from 0.4 to 5.6 milligram per kilogram per hour with an average infusion duration of 7 hours. All patients were successfully extubated, and none demonstrated worsening metabolic acidosis suggestive of the propofol infusion syndrome. All patients remained haemodynamically stable during the infusion with average heart rates and blood pressures remaining within age-appropriate ranges. One patient received additional fluid but no increase in vasopressors was needed.ConclusionsThis study suggests that propofol infusions may allow for successful extubation in a certain population of children with congenital cardiac disease. Further studies are required to confirm whether propofol is an efficient and safe alternative in this setting.

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