scholarly journals Molecular Breeding of a Novel PTGMS Line of Wdr for Broad-spectrum Resistance to Blast Using Pi9, Pikh, and Pi5 Genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Fenyun Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Luo ◽  
Deyan Kong ◽  
Anning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Hybrid Combination

Abstract Background: The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS). Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors that hamper rice production, respectively. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice.Results: This work employed molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS), conventional hybridization and high-intensity stress screening to integrate the broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pikh, and Pi5 into Huhan 1S. Subsequently a novel water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) PTGMS line Huhan 74S was developed. The drought resistance of the new PTGMS line Huhan 74S was comparable to that of Huhan 1S. The artificial inoculation of 14 blast strains revealed that the resistance frequency of Huhan 74S was 85.7%. Based on the conditions of natural field induction, Huhan 74S and its hybrid combination revealed satisfactory resistance to leaf and neck blast. The identification outcomes of photo-thermal characteristics showed that the critical point of Huhan 74S fertility conversion had an average daily temperature of 23℃, and the stable sterile period in Shanghai lasted 51 days. The rice quality of Huhan 74S was grade 3 based on standards issued by the ministry. Also, both the agronomic and rice quality performances adhered to the conditions of two-line hybrid rice production.Conclusion: The newly bred PTGMS line Huhan 74S demonstrated a stable and lasting resistance to blast. Moreover, the hybrid combination showed a high yield potential and can be used in the breeding of high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistance two-line hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), hence promoting sustainable rice production in China.

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding of a Novel PTGMS Line of WDR for Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Blast Using Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 Genes

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Fenyun Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Luo ◽  
Deyan Kong ◽  
Anning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Line System

Abstract Background The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility. Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors hampering rice production. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice. Results This study employed molecular marker-assisted selection, conventional hybridization, and high-intensity stress screening to integrate three broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 into Huhan 1S. Subsequently, a novel water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) PTGMS line Huhan 74S was developed. The drought resistance of the new PTGMS line Huhan 74S was comparable to that of Huhan 1S. Pathogenicity assays involving the inoculation of 14 blast prevalent isolates in the glasshouse showed that the blast resistance frequency of Huhan 74S was 85.7%. Further evaluation under natural blast epidemic field conditions showed that Huhan 74S and its hybrids were resistant to leaf and neck blast. The critical temperature point of fertility-sterility alteration of Huhan 74S was 23 °C daily mean temperature. The complete male sterility under natural growth conditions in 2017 at Shanghai lasted for 67 days. Also, both the agronomic and grain quality traits met the requirement for two-line hybrid rice production. Conclusion These results indicate that the newly bred PTGMS line Huhan 74S can be used to breed high-yielding, good-quality, disease-resistant two-line hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), hence promoting sustainable rice production in China.

scholarly journals Wheat Breeding for Disease Resistance: Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadisa Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Breeding for disease resistance is a central focus of plant breeding programs, as any successful variety must have the complete package of high yield, disease resistance, agronomic performance, and end - use quality. Wheat breeding is focused on high yield, pathogen resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. Among diseases of wheat yellow rust, stem rust, and leaf rust are the most damaging diseases of wheat and other small grain cereals . Disease resistance in wheat breeding with one exception, the diseases of wheat that is important because of their effect on yield. Resistance to all diseases together can is important to avoid an unexpected loss in effectiveness of the resistance of a cu ltivar to a major disease. The genetic resistance to stem rust, leaf rust and yellow rust can be characterized as qualitative and quantitative resistances. Vertical resistance is specific to pathogen isolates based on single or very few genes. Race - specifi c is used to describe resistance that interacts differentially with pathogen races. Quantitative resistance is defined as resistance that varies in continuous way between the various phenotypes of the host population, from almost imperceptible to quite str ong. With the need to accelerate the development of improved varieties, genomics - assisted breeding is becoming an important tool in breeding programs. With marker - assisted selection, there has been success in breeding for disease resistance. Generally, bre eding programs have successfully implemented molecular markers to assist in the development of cultivars with stem, leaf and stripe rust resistance genes. When new rust resistance genes are to be deployed in wheat breeding programs, it unfortunately takes several years before the new sources of resistance will become available in commercial wheat cultivars. This is due to the long process involved in the establishment of pure breeding wheat lines. Biotechnology based techniques are available to accelerate t he breeding process via doubled haploid production.

scholarly journals Identification of fgr gene and preliminary evaluation for agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Toan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fgr Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Vietnam particularly in the Mekong Delta. Screening of good quality and high yield rice varieties are needed for rice production in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to use molecular techniques to identify fgr gene and to evaluate preliminarily agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety. The results showed that this variety contained fgr gene. The fragrant allele was amplified by ESP - IFAP primers with a product of 255 bp in size. Similarly, evaluation of agronomic traits showed that the pandan sticky rice variety displayed many desirable characteristics such as plant height of 108 cm, panicle length of 25.6 cm, seed/panicle 135, 100-grain weight 2.07 g, pandan smell, level 2 of alkali digestion, gel consistency 93 mm. These results were useful information and could be applied for improving and providing pandan sticky rice variety for rice production.

Long-Term No-Tillage Direct Seeding Mode for Water-Saving and Drought-Resistance Rice Production in Rice-Rapeseed Rotation System

Rice Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-bin DU ◽  
Chen CHEN ◽  
Li-jun LUO ◽  
Long-ping XIA ◽  
Kang LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Rotation System

scholarly journals A new roadmap for the breeding of disease-resistant and high-yield crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Wang ◽  
Soumeng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Fine Tune ◽  
Molecular Framework

AbstractBreeding of disease-resistant and high-yield crops is essential to meet the increasing food demand of the global population. However, the breeding of such crops remains a significant challenge for scientists and breeders. Two recent discoveries may help to overcome this challenge: the discovery of a novel molecular framework to fine-tune disease resistance and yields that includes epigenetic regulation of antagonistic immune receptors, and the discovery of a Ca2+ sensor-mediated immune repression network that enables the transfer of subspecies-specific and broad-spectrum disease resistance. These breakthroughs provide a promising roadmap for the future breeding of disease resistant crops.

scholarly journals A nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat receptor pair confers broad-spectrum disease resistance through physical association in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1767) ◽  
pp. 20180308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Xie ◽  
Bingxiao Yan ◽  
Jianyao Shou ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Bac Clone

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is the most destructive fungal disease in crops, greatly threatening rice production and food security worldwide. The identification and utilization of broad-spectrum resistance genes are considered to be the most economic and effective method to control the disease. In the past decade, many blast resistance ( R ) genes have been identified, which mainly encode nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptor family and confer limited race-specific resistance to the fungal pathogen. Resistance genes conferring broad-spectrum blast resistance are still largely lacking. In this study, we carried out a map-based cloning of the new blast R locus Pizh in variety ZH11. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of 165 kb spanning the Pizh locus was sequenced and identified 9 NLR genes, among which only Pizh-1 and Pizh-2 were expressed. Genetic complementation experiments indicated that Pizh-1 but not Pizh-2 alone could confer blast resistance. Intriguingly, both mutations on Pizh-1 and Pizh-2 by CRISPR-Cas9 abolished the Pizh- mediated resistance. We also observed that Pizh-1 -mediated resistance was partially dependent on Pizh-2 . Pizh-1 and Pizh-2 form a complex of NLRs through direct interaction. This suggests that Pizh-1 may function as the executor NLR and Pizh-2 as a ‘helper’ NLR that shares functional redundancy with other NLRs. Our current study provides not only a good tool for rice disease resistance breeding but also deep insight into NLR association and function in plant immunity. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Biotic signalling sheds light on smart pest management’.

Genome-Wide Analysis of NBS-Encoding Disease Resistance Genes in Maize Inbred Line B73

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-Ming WANG ◽  
Hai-Yang JIANG ◽  
Yang ZHAO ◽  
Yan XIANG ◽  
Su-Wen ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Disease Resistance Genes ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Genome Wide Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide
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