scholarly journals Managing Water Supply and Demand to Achieve Economic and Environmental Objectives: Application of Mathematical Programming and ANFIS Models

Author(s):  
Mostafa Mardani Najafabadi ◽  
Abbas Mirzaei ◽  
Hassan Azarm ◽  
Siyamak Nikmehr

Abstract Integrated management of water supply and demand has been considered by many policymakers and due to its complexity, the decision makers have faced many challenges. In this study, we proposed an efficient framework for managing water supply and demand in line with the economic and environmental objectives of the basin. To design this framework, a combination of ANFIS and multi-objective augmented ε-constraint programming models and TOPSIS were used. First, using hydrological data from 2001 to 2017, the rate of water release from the dam reservoir was estimated with the ANFIS model; afterwards, its allocation to agricultural areas was performed by combining multi-objective augmented ε-constraint models and TOPSIS. To prove the reliability of the proposed model, the southern Karkheh basin in Khuzestan province, Iran, was considered as a case study. The results showed that this model is able to reduce irrigation water consumption and improve its economic productivity in the basin.

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Heidari ◽  
Mazdak Arabi ◽  
Mahshid Ghanbari ◽  
Travis Warziniack

Changes in climate, land use, and population can increase annual and interannual variability of socioeconomic droughts in water-scarce regions. This study develops a probabilistic approach to improve characterization of sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships under shifts in water supply and demand conditions. A mixture Gamma-Generalized Pareto (Gamma-GPD) model is proposed to enhance characterization of both the non-extreme and extreme socioeconomic droughts. Subsequently, the mixture model is used to determine sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, return period, amplification factor, and drought risk. The application of the framework is demonstrated for the City of Fort Collins (Colorado, USA) water supply system. The water demand and supply time series for the 1985–2065 are estimated using the Integrated Urban water Model (IUWM) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), respectively, with climate forcing from statistically downscaled CMIP5 projections. The results from the case study indicate that the mixture model leads to enhanced estimation of sub-annual socioeconomic drought frequencies, particularly for extreme events. The probabilistic approach presented in this study provides a procedure to update sub-annual socioeconomic drought IDF curves while taking into account changes in water supply and demand conditions.


Asian Survey ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1136
Author(s):  
Amit Ranjan

The widening gap between water supply and demand is the biggest threat and challenge before Pakistan. Of the available water, much is polluted. Both scarcity and pollution threaten the agriculture sector, on which the country’s economy depends.


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