Enteric methane emission by Lactating and Dry cows in rye grass-clover pasture in the high Andean zone of Peru

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the enteric methane emissions from lactating and dry cows fed on rotational grazing on ryegrass/clover with supplementation of oat and vetch forage in the Andes of Peru. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas methodology was used to determine enteric methane emission; the external marker Titanium dioxide (TiO2) to determine the production of feces and the protein in feces was used to estimate the digestibility of the feed. The enteric methane emissions of 5 lactating cows (LC) and 6 dry cows (DC) Brown Swiss breed were 358.5 and 337.4 g CH4/cow/day for LC and DC, respectively (P> 0.05). The conversion factor from gross energy to methane (Ym;%) was 9.7 for LC and 9.6 for DC. The enteric methane yield per kilogram of organic matter consumption was 32.5 g CH4/lactating cow /day and 32.2 g CH4/dry cow/day (p> 0.05) and the emission per kilogram of metabolic live weight for lactating cows was 3.1 g CH4/kg PV0.75 and for dry cows 2.9 g CH4/kg PV0.75 (P> 0.05). It was concluded that enteric methane emissions are similar for lactating cows and dry cows measured with the SF6 tracer gas technique.

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Enteric Methane Emission Estimates for the Zimbabwean Sanga Cattle Breeds of Tuli and Mashona

10.21203/rs.3.rs-997248/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Showman Gwatibaya ◽

Chrispen Murungweni ◽

Irvine Mpofu ◽

Raphael Jingura ◽

Accadius Tinarwo Tigere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Emission ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Emission Factors ◽

Tier 2 ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Tier 1 ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Sanga Cattle ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

Abstract The effectiveness of methane mitigation in ruminant livestock production systems depends on the accuracy of estimating methane emission factors and providing accurate emission inventories. Following the Paris Climate agreement, it is recommended that countries adopt the Tier-2 approach for estimating enteric methane emissions from ruminants instead of the Tier-1 approach currently used by most countries. This study sought to provide base line enteric methane emission estimates for the Tuli and Mashona Sanga cattle breeds in Zimbabwe using the IPCC Tier-2 model. Using animal characterization data collected from 412 cattle from Grasslands Research Institute and 406 cattle from Makoholi Research Institute, net energy requirements were estimated. From this and the estimate for digestibility, gross energy intake and dry matter intake were estimated. Gross energy intakes and the estimated methane conversion factor were used to estimate enteric methane emissions. Mean emission factors for Tuli were 45.1, 56, 28.5, 28.4, 20.6kg CH4/head/year for cows, bulls, heifers, steers and calves respectively. For Mashona, they were 47.8, 51.9, 29, 29.1 and 20.7kgCH4/head/year for cows, bulls, heifers, steers and calves respectively. Generally, estimated Tier-2 emission factors were significantly different from the IPCC Tier-1 default emission factors. This study concluded that enteric methane emission factors estimated using the IPCC Tier-2 model offer insights into the controversial use of the default IPCC Tier-1 emission factors.

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Can live weight be used as a proxy for enteric methane emissions from pasture-fed sheep?

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep17915 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. M. Moorby ◽

H. R. Fleming ◽

V. J. Theobald ◽

M. D. Fraser

Keyword(s):

Live Weight ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

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Assessment of the Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6 ) Tracer Technique for Measuring Enteric Methane Emissions from Cattle

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2006.0054 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 1686-1691 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

S. M. McGinn ◽

K. A. Beauchemin ◽

A. D. Iwaasa ◽

T. A. McAllister

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Tracer Technique ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

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PSXI-29 Assessing enteric methane emissions from Nellore and Angus-Nellore crossbred cattle in a tropical, intensive beef cattle production system

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.757 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 380-381

Author(s):

Isabella Cristina F Maciel ◽

Fabiano A Barbosa ◽

Thierry R Tomich ◽

Ramon C Alvarenga ◽

Ludhiana R Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Ch4 Production ◽

Trial Onset ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Grazing Period ◽

Tropical Climates ◽

The Impact ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

Abstract Crossbreeding has been used to improve performance in beef cattle; however, the effects of breed composition on methane production, yield and intensity from cattle in a tropical intensive system remain unknown. To assess the impact of breed composition on enteric methane emissions, Nellore (NE; yr 1: BW = 171.5 ± 19.4 kg; n = 10; yr 2: BW = 215.8 ± 32.3 kg, n = 25) and Angus-Nellore crossbred (AN; yr 1: BW = 214.2 ± 26.4 kg, n = 10; yr 2: BW = 242.5 ± 32.2 kg, n = 25) were compared. At trial onset, 10 mo old steers grazed Megathyrsus maximus ‘Mombaça’ in the grazing period (GP) and then were finished in a feedlot (FL) (35:65% corn silage:concentrate diet). Steers (n = 8) from each breed composition were randomly selected in GP and FL to measure CH4 production using a sulfur hexafluoride technique and DMI using titanium dioxide. The NE produced 19% less CH4 than AN in GP (17.21 vs 21.17 kg, P < 0.01), and no difference was observed in FL (22.34 vs 22.67 kg, P > 0.10). However, in FL, NE had greater CH4 intensity (CH4/ADG) compared to AN (122.76 vs 97.49 g/kg, P < 0.01). Furthermore, CH4/carcass weight was greater for NE than AN (0.079 vs 0.067 g/kg CW, P < 0.01). Breed composition did not influence CH4 yield (CH4/DMI) in either phase. The percentage CH4/GEI (Ym) for GP was higher for AN than NE (4.5 vs 3.8%), but lower than the IPCC recommended Ym of 6.5%. In FL, Ym was similar between breed composition (5.0%) and greater than the IPCC Ym of 3%. In our study the introduction of Angus into Nellore has potential to reduce CH4 intensity in tropical climates, resulting in less methane emission per kg beef produced.

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Enteric methane emissions, intake, and performance of young Nellore bulls fed different sources of forage in concentrate-rich diets containing crude glycerine

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an15645 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 517 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. F. Ribeiro ◽

J. D. Messana ◽

A. José Neto ◽

J. F. Lage ◽

G. Fiorentini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Crude Glycerine ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Gross Energy ◽

And Performance ◽

Different Sources ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

Forty young Nellore bulls were used to determine the effects of different sources of forage in concentrate-rich diets containing crude glycerine on feed intake, performance, and enteric methane emissions. Ten animals (397 ± 34 kg and 20 ± 2 months of age) were slaughtered to estimate the initial carcass weights, and the remaining 30 animals (417 ± 24.7) were randomly assigned to three treatments with 10 replicates. The treatments consisted of three different sources of forage [NDF from forage (fNDF) was fixed 15% of dry matter]; corn silage, sugarcane, and sugarcane bagasse; in diets rich in concentrates with 10% dry matter crude glycerine. There were no differences in the intake of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, gross energy, or metabolisable energy. No effects of the type of forage were observed on performance or enteric methane emissions. These results suggest that alternatives to corn silage that have high fibre content, such as sugarcane and sugarcane bagasse, do not significantly affect the intake, performance, or enteric methane emissions of young Nellore bulls.

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How do animal performance and methane emissions vary with forage management intensification and supplementation?

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an18712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (9) ◽

pp. 1201 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. F. W. Koscheck ◽

E. P. Romanzini ◽

R. P. Barbero ◽

L. M. Delevatti ◽

A. C. Ferrari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Emission ◽

Production System ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Beef Production ◽

Pasture Management ◽

Sward Height ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

Context Yields from Brazilian beef-production systems do not always match the expected potential of a forage-based beef-production system. This efficiency is dependent on adjustments of grazing intensity and supplement utilisation to achieve higher bodyweight gain and lower methane emission. Therefore, more studies are necessary to evaluate the association between pasture management and supplement doses. Aims The aim of the present study was to determine nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, animal performance, carcass characteristics and enteric methane emissions of young Nellore bulls grazing Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pastures. Methods One hundred and forty-eight yearling bulls (230 ± 17 kg) were randomly assigned to a grazing-by-supplementation strategy that was designed to allocate three different sward heights with differing levels of supplementation during the wet season. Treatment combinations were (1) low sward height with high supplementation (LH-HS, 15-cm sward height and supplementation at 0.6% of bodyweight (BW)); (2) low height with moderate supplementation (LH-MS, 15 cm and 0.3% BW); (3) moderate height with moderate supplementation (MH-MS, 25 cm and 0.3% BW); (4) moderate height with low supplementation (MH-LS, 25 cm and 0.1% BW); (5) high height with low supplementation (HH-LS, 35 cm and 0.1% BW); and (6) high height with no supplementation (HH-WS, 35 cm). Key results Bulls in the HH groups had a greater herbage intake than did those in the LH groups (P < 0.01). Bulls in the LH-HS treatment resulted in a greater (P < 0.01) carcass average daily gain than that obtained with LH-MS, MH-LS or HH-WS treatment. Higher stocking rate with the LH treatment resulted in greater gains per hectare in terms of both BW and carcass (P < 0.01). Carcass yield was greater for bulls maintained with the LH-HS treatment (54.3% BW). Higher enteric methane emissions were observed from bulls under the HH treatments (P < 0.01). Conclusions Comparing carcass gains per hectare and low methane emissions, the present study indicated that pasture management towards a low sward height combined with 0.3% or 0.6% BW supplementation can result in a greater nutrient utilisation efficiency of bulls. Implications Results provided information to obtain better gains per animals and area, also decreasing methane emission of beef cattle production system.

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A review of feeding supplementary nitrate to ruminant animals: nitrate toxicity, methane emissions, and production performance

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas-2014-069 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 557-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Chanhee Lee ◽

Karen A. Beauchemin

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Live Weight ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Production Performance ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽

Enteric Methane ◽

Ruminant Animals ◽

Enteric Methane Emissions

Lee, C. and Beauchemin, K. A. 2014. A review of feeding supplementary nitrate to ruminant animals: Nitrate toxicity, methane emissions, and production performance. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 557–570. The purpose of this review is to discuss the risks and benefits of using supplementary nitrate to reduce enteric methane emissions in ruminants based on the results of a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis confirmed possible nitrate poisoning triggered by higher blood methemoglobin levels with increasing nitrate consumption of ruminants: methemoglobin (%)=41.3×nitrate [g kg−1 body weight (BW) d−1]+1.2; R 2=0.76, P<0.001. However, acclimatizing animals to nitrate reduced the toxicity of nitrate: methemoglobin (%)=4.2×nitrate (g kg−1 BW d−1)+0.4, R 2=0.76, P=0.002. Animals fed nitrate reduced enteric methane emissions in a dose-response manner: methane [g kg−1 dry matter intake (DMI)]=−8.3×nitrate (g kg−1 BW d−1)+15.2, R 2=0.80, P<0.001. The reduction of enteric methane emissions due to supplementary nitrate was effective and consistent in both in vitro and in vivo studies and also persistent in several long-term studies. Dry matter intake and live weight gain (LWG) of cattle were not affected by nitrate: DMI change, R 2=0.007, P=0.65; LWG change, R 2=0.03, P=0.31. It is anticipated that supplementary nitrate as a substitute for urea may change urinary nitrogen composition in a manner that increases ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from manure. Furthermore, supplementary nitrate may have various physiological roles in nitric oxide metabolism in ruminants. In conclusion, supplementary nitrate is a viable means of mitigating enteric methane emissions due to its consistent and persistent efficacy. Risk of toxicity can be lowered by gradual acclimation of animals to nitrate. However, lowered methane production may not re-direct additional metabolizable energy towards animal production.

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PSIX-2 Feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol reduces methane emissions by feedlot cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.727 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 416-417

Author(s):

Tiago Luís Da Ros de Araújo ◽

Alvair Hoffmann ◽

Diego M Renesto ◽

Rhaony G Leite ◽

Carlos H S Rabelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methane Emission ◽

Sulfur Hexafluoride ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Methane Emissions ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Gross Energy ◽

And Performance ◽

The Individual

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol (3NOP; Bovaer®, DSM Nutritional Products) at two doses on methane emissions and performance by feedlot cattle. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized block, in which 138 Nellore bulls (iBW, 360 ± 37.3 kg) were placed in collective pens (9 pens per treatment) and fed a high-concentrate diet (R:C, 11:89) according with the following three treatments: 1) 0ppm 3NOP /day; 2) 100ppm 3NOP/day, or 3) 150ppm 3NOP/day. For performance and DMI assessments the pen was the experimental unit. For methane emission evaluations, CH4 and DMI were assessed individually in 12 pens (2 bulls/pen, 8 bulls (experimental units)/treatment). Methane emission was measured for 6 consecutive days using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique in two times over the experimental period (d15d -d21) and (105d to 111d), whereby the gross energy (GE) variables were calculated using equations. The individual DMI was measured using the two markers technique (Chromium oxide and indigestible NDF). The data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS and means comparison were carried out by Tukey’s test. Regardless of the level, dietary supplementation with 3NOP decreased (P < 0.001) methane emissions by 49.7% as expressed as g/d (146.0 vs. ~74 g/d−1); by 38.6% when expressed as g/kg ADG (91 vs ~56 g/kg ADG), and by 40.7% when expressed as g/kg DMI (13.5 vs. ~8 g/kg DMI). Likewise, dietary supplementation with 3NOP decreased (P < 0.001) the GE loss as a percentage of the GE intake by 42.4% (4.74 vs ~2.73%). However, feeding 3NOP had no effect on animalsˈ DM intake (~2.43 %BW; P = 0.23), ADG (~1.52 kg/d; P = 0.11) and HCW (~284 kg, P = 0.26). We conclude that Bovaer® can be used to effectively reduce methane emission by feedlot cattle without adverse effects on performance.

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