scholarly journals Taxonomic Studies of Some often Over-Looked Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Shi-Ke ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
Ausana Mapook ◽  
Sajeewa S.N. Maharachchikumbura ◽  
D. Jayarama Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Abstract Sordariomycetes is an earlier and one of the widely distributed class of Ascomycota. The class was initially classified based on morphology in having inoperculate and unitunicate asci. With the development of DNA based phylogenetic analysis, several undetermined or polyphyletic members of Sordariomycetes were reclassified. However, not all species belonging to this class have been sequenced and analyzed. There are a number of species, especially those old and poorly studied ones which have never been sequenced before and not even recollected again for further taxonomic verification. One of the main objective in this study is to revise and update the taxonomy of several well-known old and poorly studied species whose classification are still obscure. Herein, we re-examined the type materials and/or authentic specimens together to explore 74 relatively poorly-studied genera, which mainly belong to Boliniales, Calosphaeriales, Chaetosphaeriales, Jobellisiales, and Sordariales classified under Diaporthomycetidae and Sordariomycetidae. We provide descriptions, notes, figures and/or drawings and discussed their phylogenetic relationships. As a result, the monotypic Jobellisiales is transferred from Hypocreomycetidae to Diaporthomycetidae. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the polyphyletic Lasiosphaeriaceae is divided into five families, Bombardiaceae (Apodospora, Bombardia, Bombardioidea and Fimetariella), Lasiosphaeriaceae (Anopodium, Bellojisia, Corylomyces, Lasiosphaeria, Mammaria and Zopfiella), Lasiosphaeridaceae (Lasiosphaeris), Strattoniaceae (Strattonia) and Zygospermellaceae (Episternus and Zygospermella). In addition, a new family Neoschizotheciaceae is established based on Neoschizothecium. Analysis of the type species of Boothiella, Stellatospora, Sulcatistroma and Tengiomyces placed them in Sordariaceae, Chaetomiaceae, Hypocreales and Coronophorales, respectively. We classify the genera lacking molecular data based on their morphology and expect them to be recollected; that is, Kacosphaeria in Calosphaeriales; Arnium, Biconiosporella, Camptosphaeria, Diffractella, Emblemospora, Eosphaeria, Periamphispora, Ramophialophora, Synaptospora and Tripterosporella in Sordariales; Conidiotheca in Sordariomycetes; Copromyces, Effetia, Endophragmiella and Tulipispora are accommodated in Ascomycota. Besides, we establish a new genus Neoschizothecium based on phylogenetic analysis. New combinations proposed include: Camaropella amorpha, Cam. microspora, Cam. plana, Cladorrhinum grandiusculum, Cla. leucotrichum, Cla. terricola, Cla. olerum, Helminthosphaeria plumbea, Immersiella hirta, Jugulospora minor, Lasiosphaeris arenicola, Neoschizothecium aloides, Neo. carpinicola, Neo. conicum, Neo. curvisporum, Neo. fimbriatum, Neo. glutinans, Neo. inaequale, Neo. minicaudum, Neo. selenosporum, Neo. tetrasporum, Neurospora autosteira, Podospora brunnescens, P. flexuosa, P. jamaicensis, P. hamata, P. macrospora, P. spinosa, Strattonia petrogale and Triangularia microsclerotigena, T. nannopodalis, T. praecox, T. samala, T. tarvisina, T. unicaudata, T. yaeyamensis. New epithets are proposed for Apiorhynchostoma apiosporum and Podospora dacryoidea.

Phylogenetic Relationships Within and Delimitation of the Cosmopolitan Flowering Plant Genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae): Core Stars and Fallen Stars

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew T. Sharples ◽  
Erin A. Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Stable Estimate

Abstract—Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae, tribe Alsineae) is a cosmopolitan genus of herbaceous plants that heretofore has lacked a stable estimate of total number of species. Here, we attempted to sample all species currently recognized under the name Stellaria to determine which belong to a core Stellaria genus versus which are masquerading under this name and are instead more closely related to one of several outgroup lineages. Phylogenetic relationships inferred with RAD loci were recovered with generally high levels of support, regardless of age of specimens (here up to 98 yr) utilized for molecular work. Analyses resolved a monophyletic, core radiation of Stellaria that is sister to Cerastium and others. Within core Stellaria, of which we sampled ca. 87% of species, we recovered five primary lineages. However, current infrageneric hypotheses are incongruous with phylogenomic data, and most morphology-based infrageneric hypotheses break down in light of these results. Outside of core Stellaria we recovered numerous other species currently ascribed to Stellaria that are in need of revised generic placement. Based on current results, however, we propose several new taxonomic and nomenclatural renovations within core Stellaria and external to this group as contribution towards stabilization of generic boundaries in Alsineae. These modifications include description of a new genus of Caryophyllaceae from eastern Asia, Nubelaria, as well description of a new genus, Rabelera, to accommodate the lineage previously and more widely known as Stellaria holostea. Nine new combinations are proposed in the genera Adenonema, Cerastium, Mesostemma, Nubelaria, Rabelera, and core Stellaria. Additionally, one new status, one new synonymy, and lectotypes for four species are proposed. We estimate core Stellaria to consist of approximately 112 species, a decrease from many other published species counts. Our results lay a robust foundation for future evolutionary, phylogenetic, and morphological comparisons within Stellaria and among relatives.

scholarly journals Transfer of Sphingorhabdus marina, Sphingorhabdus litoris, Sphingorhabdus flavimaris and Sphingorhabdus pacifica corrig. into the novel genus Parasphingorhabdus gen. nov. and Sphingopyxis baekryungensis into the novel genus Novosphingopyxis gen. nov. within the family Sphingomonadaceae

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 2147-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Da Feng ◽  
Xian-Jiao Zhang ◽  
Song-Zhen Yang ◽  
An-Zhang Li ◽  
Qing Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Novel Genus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insight Into

During a phylogenetic analysis of Sphingorhabdus and its closely related genera in the family Sphingomonadaceae , we found that the genus Sphingorhabdus and the species Sphingopyxis baekryungensis might not be properly assigned in the taxonomy. Phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations clearly showed that the genus Sphingorhabdus should be reclassified into two genera (Clade I and Clade II), for which the original genus name, Sphingorhabdus , is proposed to be retained only for Clade I, and a new genus named as Parasphingorhabdus gen. nov. is proposed for Clade II with four new combinations: Parasphingorhabdus marina comb. nov., Parasphingorhabdus litoris comb. nov., Parasphingorhabdus flavimaris comb. nov. and Parasphingorhabdus pacifica comb. nov. Moreover, Sphingopyxis baekryungensis should represent a novel genus in the family Sphingomonadaceae , for which the name Novosphingopyxis gen. nov. is proposed, with a combination of Novosphingopyxis baekryungensis comb. nov. The study provides a new insight into the taxonomy of closely related genera in the family Sphingomonadaceae .

Opening the Trojan horse: phylogeny of Astyanax, two new genera and resurrection of Psalidodon (Teleostei: Characidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo E Terán ◽  
Mauricio F Benitez ◽  
J Marcos Mirande
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Abstract The freshwater fish genus Astyanax is one of the most diverse among the Characidae. The genus is defined by a combination of character states that are widely distributed in Characidae. In addition, the genus has the broadest geographical distribution in the family, being found in a great variety of environments of the Neotropical region. Although phylogenetic relationships were treated only partially, many authors agree that the genus is not monophyletic. In this contribution, we study the phylogenetic relationships of Astyanax in the context of the family Characidae, by combining morphological and molecular data. A total of 520 morphological characters, nine molecular markers and 608 taxa are analysed, of which 98 belong to Astyanax. According to our results, Astyanax is not monophyletic. We recovered species attributed to Astyanax in different subfamilies: Gymnocharacinae (including the type species), Stevardiinae and Tetragonopterinae. Among the species recovered in Gymnocharacinae, most (including the type species, the resurrected Psalidodon, and the new genus Andromakhe gen. nov.) were recovered in Gymnocharacini, while the remaining ones were recovered in Probolodini (transferred to Deuterodon or the new genus Makunaima gen. nov.).

A new genus of nesticid spiders from western European Peninsulas (Araneae, Nesticidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4407 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
CARLES RIBERA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Evolutionary Lineage ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Western European ◽  
Cave Dweller

This paper describes a new genus of Nesticidae based on morphology of the genital characters and supported by molecular data. The new genus, Domitius n. gen., includes a group of seven cave-dweller species spread along western European peninsulas (Iberian and Italian). Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that these species constitute an independent and highly supported evolutionary lineage being the sister group to Kryptonesticus Pavlek & Ribera, 2017, Nesticus Thorell, 1869 and Carpathonesticus Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 genera. As a result, seven new combinations are here proposed: Domitius baeticus (López-Pancorbo & Ribera, 2011) n. comb., Domitius murgis (Ribera & De Mas, 2003) n. comb., Domitius lusitanicus (Fage, 1931) n. comb., Domitius luquei (Ribera & Guerao, 1995) n. comb., Domitius sbordonii (Brignoli, 1979) n. comb., Domitius menozzii (Caporiacco, 1934) n. comb., Domitius speluncarum (Pavesi, 1873) n. comb. 

A new Eocene genus of ant-like stone beetles sheds new light on the evolution of Mastigini

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1056-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Jałoszyński
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eocene Amber

AbstractFossil Scydmaeninae beetles are exceptionally poorly known and those described usually lack important details to reliably analyze their phylogenetic relationships with extant taxa. Baltostigus n. gen. is the first extinct ant-like stone beetle taxon unambiguously assigned to the tribe Mastigini. It includes B. antennatus n. sp. (the type species of Baltostigus) and B. horribilis n. sp., from the lower to middle Eocene amber of Poland and Lithuania, respectively. Results of a phylogenetic analysis comprising morphological characters of all extant and extinct genera of the supertribe Mastigitae strongly support the placement of Baltostigus as a sister group to all remaining Mastigini. The new genus shows character states not known in any extant Mastigini: fully developed hind wings, prominent humeral calli, deep elytral punctures partly arranged in longitudinal rows and symmetrical aedeagal parameres. These features suggest that Mastigini might have evolved from forms morphologically similar to small-bodied extant Clidicini of the ‘Leptochromus lineage.’

scholarly journals Reflections on Menisporopsis, Multiguttulispora and Tainosphaeria Using Molecular and Morphological Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Martina Réblová ◽  
Jana Nekvindová ◽  
Margarita Hernández-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
New Combinations

The genera Menisporopsis, Multiguttulispora and Tainosphaeria (Chaetosphaeriaceae) are saprobes inhabiting decaying plant material. This study is based on an integrated morpho-molecular characterisation to assess their generic concepts and explore phylogenetic relationships. Menisporopsis is revealed as polyphyletic, and species with 1-septate conidia and synnemata growing unilaterally along the seta are placed in the new segregate genus Arcuatospora. Codinaea dimorpha and C. triseptata are shown to be congeneric with Multiguttulispora sympodialis, the type species. Two new combinations are proposed: M. sympodialis is found conspecific with M. dimorpha. The Tainosphaeria complex is resolved into three genera. We found that the morphological separation of three groups within the genus is consistent with phylogenetic relationships. Tainosphaeria s. str. is accepted with five species. Tainosphaeria aseptata and T. lunata are transferred to the newly erected Phialoturbella, whereas T. obclavata is revealed as conspecific with Phialogeniculata guadalcanalensis, reducing it to a synonym. A new genus Flectospora is erected for a chloridium-like fungus nested in the Tainosphaeria clade. Based on molecular evidence, we show that asymmetrical, scolecosporous ascospores are a unique teleomorphic characteristic among family members. Therefore, we propose new combinations for Chaetosphaeria hispida in Paragaeumannomyces and Ch. spinosa in the new genus Ericiosphaeria, both exhibiting this rare morphotype.

scholarly journals REINSTATEMENT OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE GENUS Tripos TO REPLACE Neoceratium, MARINE SPECIES OF Ceratium (DINOPHYCEAE, ALVEOLATA)

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Morphological and molecular data support the split at the genus level of the marine and freshwater species of the dinoflagellate Ceratium (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae). A new genus name Neoceratium F. Gómez, D. Moreira & P. López-García was proposed for the marine species. However, it is considered illegitimate (type species is type of Biceratium Vanhöffen), and the nomenclatural priority is here given for the genus Tripos Bory (type species Tripos muelleri) which replaces Neoceratium. New combinations are proposed for the existing names of species and infraspecific taxa. Reinstalación del género de dinoflagelados Tripos para reemplazar a Neoceratium, especies marinas de Ceratium (Dinophyceae, Alveolata) Las evidencias morfológicas y moleculares apoyan la separación a nivel de género de las especies marinas y dulceacuícolas del dinoflagelado Ceratium (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae). Así, el nuevo nombre genérico Neoceratium F. Gómez, D. Moreira & P. López-García se propuso para las especies marinas. Sin embargo, ha sido considerado ilegítimo (la especie tipo es el tipo de Biceratium Vanhöffen) y la prioridad en nomenclatura se otorga al género Tripos Bory. El género Tripos con la especie tipo Tripos muelleri remplaza a Neoceratium. Se proponen nuevas combinaciones para los nombres existentes de especies y taxones infraespecíficos.

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

Nucularcidae: a new family of palaeotaxodont Ordovician pelecypods (Mollusca) from North America and Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1479-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pojeta Jr. ◽  
Christopher A Stott
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
New Family ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
Northeastern Usa ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The new Ordovician palaeotaxodont family Nucularcidae and the new genus Nucularca are described. Included in Nucularca are four previously described species that have taxodont dentition: N. cingulata (Ulrich) (the type species), N. pectunculoides (Hall), N. lorrainensis (Foerste), and N. gorensis (Foerste). All four species are of Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian Katian) age and occur in eastern Canada and the northeastern USA. Ctenodonta borealis Foerste is regarded as a subjective synonym of Nucularca lorrainensis. No new species names are proposed. The Nucularcidae includes the genera Nucularca and Sthenodonta Pojeta and Gilbert-Tomlinson (1977). Sthenodonta occurs in central Australia in rocks of Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) age. The 12 family group names previously proposed for Ordovician palaeotaxodonts having taxodont dentition are reviewed and evaluated in the Appendix.

Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER B. HEENAN ◽  
ROB D. SMISSEN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

The generic taxonomy of the Nothofagaceae is revised. We present a new phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters and map these characters onto a recently published phylogenetic tree obtained from DNA sequence data. Results of these and previous analyses strongly support the monophyly of four clades of Nothofagaceae that are currently treated as subgenera of Nothofagus. The four clades of Nothofagaceae are robust and well-supported, with deep stem divergences, have evolutionary equivalence with other genera of Fagales, and can be circumscribed with morphological characters. We argue that these morphological and molecular differences are sufficient for the four clades of Nothofagaceae to be recognised at the primary rank of genus, and that this classification will be more informative and efficient than the currently circumscribed Nothofagus with four subgenera.        Nothofagus is recircumscribed to include five species from southern South America, Lophozonia and Trisyngyne are reinstated, and the new genus Fuscospora is described. Fuscospora and Lophozonia, with six and seven species respectively, occur in New Zealand, southern South America and Australia. Trisyngyne comprises 25 species from New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. New combinations are provided where necessary in each of these genera.

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