scholarly journals Urine phthalate levels and liver function in US adolescents: Analyses of NHANES 2007-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiting Xiang ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Kernel Machine ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Phthalates are non-persistent chemicals with endocrine-disrupting abilities widely used in a variety of consumer products. Evidence for the effects of phthalate exposure on liver function in adolescents is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between urine phthalate levels and changes in liver function indicators. Methods: Data were analyzed from the combined 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted linear regressions were used to explore the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and indicators of liver function. Bayesian kernel machine regressions (BKMR) were used to evaluate the joint effects of phthalate metabolite mixtures on indicators of liver function. Results: Weighted Linear regression models showed that MCOP and MiBP were negatively associated with TBIL (all P FDR < 0.05), MCPP was positively correlated with TBIL (P FDR < 0.05), ΣDEHP, MCOP, and MEP (all P FDR < 0.05) were negatively correlated with ALB, while MCPP was positively correlated with ALB (P FDR < 0.05), and MCOP was negatively correlated with TP (P FDR < 0.05). BKMR analysis showed phthalate metabolite mixtures had significant positive dose response relationships with ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and TBIL, and significant negative dose response relationships with ALB and TP. Conclusions: Phathalate metabolites were associated with changes in liver function indicators among U.S. adolescents.

scholarly journals Phthalate Exposure and Liver Function in US Adolescents: Analyses of NHANES 2007-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiting Xiang ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Kernel Machine ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Phthalate Exposure ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Background: Phthalates are non-persistent chemicals with endocrine-disrupting abilities widely used in a variety of consumer products. Evidence for the effects of phthalate exposure on liver function in adolescents is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between phthalate exposure and changes in liver function indicators.Methods: Data were analyzed from the combined 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted linear regressions were used to explore the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and indicators of liver function. Bayesian kernel machine regressions (BKMR) were used to evaluate the joint effects of phthalate metabolite mixtures on indicators of liver function.Results: Weighted Linear regression models showed that MCOP and MiBP were negatively associated with TBIL (all P FDR < 0.05), MCPP was positively correlated with TBIL (P FDR < 0.05), ΣDEHP, MCOP, and MEP (all P FDR < 0.05) were negatively correlated with ALB, while MCPP was positively correlated with ALB (P FDR < 0.05), and MCOP was negatively correlated with TP (P FDR < 0.05). BKMR analysis showed phthalate metabolite mixtures had significant positive dose response relationships with ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and TBIL, and significant negative dose response relationships with ALB and TP.Conclusions: The implications of these results demonstrate that phthalate exposure may contribute to adverse effects on liver function indicators among U.S. adolescents.

scholarly journals Phthalate Exposure and Liver Function in US Adolescents: Analyses of NHANES 2007-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiting Xiang ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Kernel Machine ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Phthalate Exposure ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract Background: Phthalates are non-persistent chemicals with endocrine-disrupting abilities widely used in a variety of consumer products. Evidence for the effects of phthalate exposure on liver function in adolescents is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between phthalate exposure and changes in liver function indicators.Methods: Data were analyzed from the combined 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ultimately, a total of 1650 children aged 12-19 years were selected as the samples. Weighted linear regressions were used to explore the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and indicators of liver function. Bayesian kernel machine regressions (BKMR) were used to evaluate the joint effects of phthalate metabolite mixtures on indicators of liver function.Results: Weighted Linear regression models showed that MCOP and MiBP were negatively associated with TBIL (all P FDR < 0.05), MCPP was positively correlated with TBIL (P FDR < 0.05), ΣDEHP, MCOP, and MEP (all P FDR < 0.05) were negatively correlated with ALB, while MCPP was positively correlated with ALB (P FDR < 0.05), and MCOP was negatively correlated with TP (P FDR < 0.05). BKMR analysis showed phthalate metabolite mixtures had significant positive dose response relationships with ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and TBIL, and significant negative dose response relationships with ALB and TP.Conclusions: The implications of these results demonstrate that phthalate exposure may contribute to adverse effects on liver function indicators among U.S. adolescents.

Relationship Between Accelerometer-Determined Steps/Day and Other Accelerometer Outputs in U.S. Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽  
William D. Johnson ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Wear Time ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
The Relationship

Background:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between 2005−2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) accelerometer-determined steps/day and activity counts/day, and between steps/day and estimates of nonwear time (as an indicator of the unmonitored day) and time spent in sedentary behaviors as well as a range of physical activity intensities.Methods:Linear regression models were used to characterize the relationship between steps/day, activity counts/day, estimates of wear time, and intensity categories.Results:1781 males (mean age = 46.5 years) and 1963 females (mean age = 47.7 years) wore accelerometers 14.0 ± SEM0.06 hours/day. The relationship between steps/day and activity counts/day was positive and strong (R2 = .87). The relationship between steps/day and time spent in sedentary behaviors was inverse and moderate (R2 = .25). Stronger and positive relationships were apparent between steps/day and time in light (R2 = .69) and moderate (R2 = .63) intensity activities. There was no discernable relationship between steps/day and time spent in low or vigorous intensity activities or with wear time.Conclusions:Assessed by accelerometer, steps/day explains 87% of the variation in activity counts/day, 25% of the variation in time in sedentary behaviors, 69% of time in light intensity, and 63% of time in moderate intensity.

ANALYSIS OF CAR FOLLOWING HEADWAY ALONG MULTILANE HIGHWAY

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Erwan Sanik ◽  
Joewono Prasetijo ◽  
Ahmad Hakimi Mat Nor ◽  
Nor Baizura Hamid ◽  
Ismail Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Vehicle Type ◽  
Field Data Collection ◽  
Headway Distribution ◽  
Heavy Goods Vehicles ◽  
Linear Regressions

This study describes driver’s car following headway on multilane highways.  The aim of this study is to analyse the driver’s car following headway along multilane highway at four selected locations.  The objectives of this study were to determine car headway at Jalan Batu Pahat – Ayer Hitam multilane highway and to develop linear regression models to present the relationships between headway and speed.  Videotaping method was used in field data collection during peak hours.  Data were extracted from recorded video by using the image processing technique software.  The distance headways and associated vehicles speeds were classified into vehicle following category by vehicle type: car following car, car following heavy goods vehicle, heavy goods vehicle following heavy goods vehicle and heavy goods vehicle following car categories.  Linear regressions models were used to develop the relationships between headway and speed. Based on all headway distribution, it is found that patterns of the vehicle headways at four study locations were similar, which shown a significant number of the vehicles travel at headways less than 5 seconds.  Furthermore, it can be concluded that many drivers tend to follow the vehicles ahead closely on multilane highways.  The regression models were significantly reliable based on their R-square values which are ranging between 0.80 and 0.95.  From the analysis, cars were found to maintain larger headways when following heavy goods vehicles compare to when following other cars.

Associations between perceived stress and BMI and waist circumference in Chinese adults: Data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Tian Tan ◽  
Cindy W. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Objectives: To assess the association between perceived stress and adiposity among Chinese adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Perceived stress was assessed using the 14-item perceived stress scale. Associations between quintiles of perceived stress and BMI (Body Mass Index) and waist circumference were assessed using in linear regression models and multinomial regression models. Estimates were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Setting: 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey: 12 provinces covering a variety of geographic, economic development, and health indicator situations. Participants: 8,385 adults of both genders, aged 18-99 years. Results: Overall, the mean perceived stress score was 22.7 (6.2), mean BMI was 24.3 (3.6) kg/m2, and prevalence of obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) was 6.0%. There were inverse associations between perceived stress quintiles with continuous BMI (P<0.001), BMI categories (P=0.015), and waist circumference (P=0.047). Compared to adults in the lowest quintile of perceived stress, adults in the highest quintile of perceived stress had 0.44 kg/m2 lower mean BMI (95% CI: -0.67,-0.21), 0.72 times the prevalence of obesity (95% CI: 0.55, 0.94) and 0.73 times the prevalence of abdominal obesity (95% CI: 0.61, 0.88). Results were similar when using Chinese-specific cut-points. Conclusion: Our results showed inverse associations between perceived stress quintiles and adiposity among Chinese adults. Future studies should aim to better understand the directionality of observed associations and the potential biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying these associations in the Chinese population.

scholarly journals Total testosterone is not associated with lean mass or handgrip strength in pre-menopausal females

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Alexander ◽  
Gavin Abbott ◽  
Brad Aisbett ◽  
Glenn D. Wadley ◽  
Jill A. Hnatiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lean Mass ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Free Androgen Index ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Older Males

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between endogenous testosterone concentrations and lean mass and handgrip strength in healthy, pre-menopausal females. Testosterone has been positively associated with lean mass and strength in young and older males. Whether this relationship exists in pre-menopausal females is unknown. Secondary data from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to test this relationship. Females were aged 18–40 (n = 716, age 30 ± 6 years, mean ± SD) and pre-menopausal. Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine associations between total testosterone, lean mass index (LMI) and handgrip strength. Mean ± SD testosterone concentration was 1.0 ± 0.6 nmol L−1 and mean free androgen index (FAI) was 0.02 ± 0.02. In pre-menopausal females, testosterone was not associated with LMI (β = 0.05; 95%CI − 0.04, 0.15; p = 0.237) or handgrip strength (β = 0.01; 95%CI − 0.11, 0.12; p = 0.926) in a statistically significant manner. Conversely, FAI was associated with LMI (β = − 0.03; 95%CI − 0.05, − 0.02; p = 0.000) in a quadratic manner, meaning LMI increases with increasing FAI levels. Handgrip strength was not associated with FAI (β = 0.06; 95%CI − 0.02, 0.15; p = 0.137). These findings indicate that FAI, but not total testosterone, is associated with LMI in pre-menopausal females. Neither FAI nor total testosterone are associated with handgrip strength in pre-menopausal females when testosterone concentrations are not altered pharmacologically.

A Bounds Test for Equality Between Sets of Coefficients in Two Linear Regression Models Under Heteroscedasticity

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Ohtani ◽  
Masahito Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Bounds Test ◽  
Linear Regressions

This article proposes a small sample bounds test for equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions with unequal disturbance variances. The probability that our test is inconclusive is given under the null hypothesis. It is also shown that our test is more powerful than the Jayatissa test when the regression coefficients differ substantially.

scholarly journals Comparison of Serum Folate Species Analyzed by LC-MS/MS with Total Folate Measured by Microbiologic Assay and Bio-Rad Radioassay

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zia Fazili ◽  
Christine M Pfeiffer ◽  
Mindy Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Tetrahydrofolic Acid ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

Abstract Background: The Bio-Rad QuantaPhase II radioassay (BR), used for 25 years to measure total folate (TFOL) concentrations for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), will be discontinued in 2007. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or a microbiologic assay (MA) will be used in the future. Methods: We measured folate species by LC-MS/MS and TFOL by MA and BR in 327 serum samples. Results: LC-MS/MS measured 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5CH3THF; 82%), folic acid (FA; 8%), 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid (5CHOTHF; 6%), tetrahydrofolic acid (THF; 4%), and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid (5,10CH=THF; 0%). The sum of the folate species correlated well with TFOL measured by MA (R2 = 0.97) and BR (R2 = 0.91). Compared with LC-MS/MS results, MA and BR values were significantly lower (−6% and −29%, respectively); however, these differences were concentration dependent. The MA almost completely recovered folates added to serum samples except for FA [69% (3%)] and THF [36% (10%)]. The BR underrecovered 5CH3THF [61% (9%)] and 5CHOTHF [38% (14%)] and overrecovered 5,10CH=THF [234% (32%)]. Multiple linear regression models with log-transformed data yielded a good fit for converting BR data to MA or LC-MS/MS data and MA data to LC-MS/MS data. Conclusions: The good correspondence between the sum of folate species determined by LC-MS/MS and TFOL determined by MA makes these 2 assays interchangeable. The BR produces much lower results, on average, probably because of 5CH3THF underrecovery. The conversion equations provided could be used for future NHANES time trend analyses.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Tactile Estimation Model based on Perceptibility of Mechanoreceptors improves Quantitative Tactile Sensing

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momoko Sagara ◽  
Lisako Nobuyama ◽  
Kenjiro Takemura
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Tactile Sensing ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Physical Measurements

Abstract Tactile sensing has attracted significant attention as a tactile quantitative evaluation method because the tactile sensation is an important factor while evaluating consumer products. While the human tactile perception mechanism has nonlinearity, previous studies have often developed linear regression models. In contrast, this study proposes a nonlinear tactile estimation model that can estimate sensory evaluation scores from physical measurements. We extracted features from the vibration data obtained by a tactile sensor based on the perceptibility of mechanoreceptors. In parallel, a sensory evaluation test was conducted using 10 evaluation words. Then, the relationship between the extracted features and the tactile evaluation results was modeled using linear/nonlinear regressions. The best model was concluded by comparing the mean squared error between the model predictions and the actual values. The result implies that there are multiple evaluation words suitable for adopting nonlinear regression models, and the average error was 43.8% smaller than that of building only linear regression models.

FAKTOR DETERMINAN PENYALURAN KREDIT BANK PERSERO

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Wigiyanti Masodah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

Offering credit is the main activity of a Bank. There are some considerations when a bank offers credit, that includes Interest Rates, Inflation, and NPL. This study aims to find out the impact of Variable Interest Rates, Inflation variables and NPL variables on credit disbursed. The object in this study is state-owned banks. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that Interest Rates and NPL gave some negative impacts on the given credit. Meanwhile, Inflation variable does not have a significant effect on credit given. Keywords: Interest Rate, Inflation, NPL, offered Credit.

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