Distributed Low Temperature Combustion: Fundamental Understanding of Combustion Regime Transitions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lindstedt ◽  
F. Hampp ◽  
P. Kraus ◽  
P. Simatos
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Regime Transitions

Ignition Characteristics of Diesel and Canola Biodiesel Sprays in the Low-Temperature Combustion Regime

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 2896-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey M. Allen ◽  
Elisa Toulson ◽  
David L. S. Hung ◽  
Harold Schock ◽  
Dennis Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Ignition Characteristics

An Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Post-Injection Strategies on Combustion and Emissions in the Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion Regime

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanho Yun ◽  
Rolf D. Reitz
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

In order to meet future emissions regulations, new combustion concepts are being developed. Among them, the development of low-temperature diesel combustion systems has received considerable attention. Low NOx emissions are achieved through minimization of peak temperatures during the combustion process. Concurrently, soot formation is inhibited due to a combination of low combustion temperatures and extensive fuel-air premixing. In this study, the effect of late-cycle mixing enhancement by post-injection strategies on combustion and engine-out emissions in the low-temperature (low soot and NOx emissions) combustion regime was experimentally investigated. The baseline operating condition considered for low-temperature combustion was 1500rpm, 3bar IMEP with 50% EGR rate, and extension to high loads was considered by means of post injection. Post-injection strategies gave very favorable emission results in the low-temperature combustion regime at all loads tested in this study. Since post injection leads to late-cycle mixing improvement, further reductions in soot emissions were achieved without deteriorating the NOx emissions. With smaller fuel injected amounts for the second pulse, better soot emissions were found. However, the determination of the dwell between the injections was found to be very important for the emissions.

An Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Post Injection Strategies on Combustion and Emissions in the Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion Regime

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanho Yun ◽  
Yong Sun ◽  
Rolf D. Reitz
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

In order to meet future emissions regulations, new combustion concepts are being developed. Among them, the development of low-temperature diesel combustion systems has received considerable attention. Low NOx emissions are achieved through minimization of peak temperatures occurring during the combustion process. Concurrently, soot formation is inhibited due to a combination of low combustion temperatures and extensive fuel-air pre-mixing. In this study, the effect of late-cycle mixing enhancement by post injection strategies on combustion and engine-out emissions in the low-temperature combustion regime was investigated experimentally and numerically. The baseline operating condition considered for low-temperature combustion was 1500 rev/min, 3bar IMEP with 50% EGR rate, and extension to high loads was considered by means of post injection. Post injection strategies gave very favorable emission results in the low temperature combustion regime at all loads. With small second fuel injected amounts, better soot emissions were found. However, the determination of the dwell between the injections was found to be very important for the emissions. Since post injection leads to late-cycle mixing improvement, further reductions in soot emissions were achieved without deteriorating the NOx emissions. To explain these results, numerical analysis was also done using the KIVA-CHEMKIN code. The simulations show that optimal combustion requires that the post injection fuel avoid fuel rich regions formed from the main injection.

An Investigation of the Low Temperature Combustion Regime (LTC) in a Small Bore HSDI Diesel Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmeet Singh ◽  
Yusuf Poonawala ◽  
Inderpal Singh ◽  
Naeim A. Henein ◽  
Walter Bryzik
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Vapor ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Hsdi Diesel Engine

The low temperature combustion regime (LTC) has been known to simultaneously reduce both NOx and smoke emissions. The concept is to burn the fuel vapor-air charge, low in oxygen concentration, at low temperatures to reduce the formation of both NOx and smoke emissions. The paper investigates two combustion concepts in the LTC regime, the MK (modulated kinetics) and the smokeless locally rich diesel combustion and proposes a new strategy for a further reduction in emissions with minimum penalty in fuel economy. Tests were carried out under simulated turbo charged conditions on a single cylinder, small bore HSDI diesel engine with a re-entrant bowl combustion chamber. The engine is equipped with a common rail fuel injection system. Tests covered a wide range of injection pressures, EGR rates, injection timings and swirl ratios to determine their individual and collective contributions in engine-out emissions and fuel economy within this combustion regime. The proposed strategy is based on the results of this experimental investigation.

Detailed Unburned Hydrocarbon Investigations in a Highly-Dilute Diesel Low Temperature Combustion Regime

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 858-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad P. Koci ◽  
Youngchul Ra ◽  
Roger Krieger ◽  
Mike Andrie ◽  
David E. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
Temperature Combustion

Regulated emissions and speciated hydrocarbons from smokeless low-temperature combustion diesel engines with ultra-high exhaust gas recirculation and exhaust oxidation catalyst

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Li ◽  
H Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Combustion Regime ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Clean Diesel Combustion ◽  
Gas Recirculation

With ultra-high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) suppressing the in-cylinder soot and nitrogen oxides (NO x) formation as well as with the exhaust oxidation catalyst removing the engine-out total unburned hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, clean diesel combustion in terms of low regulated emissions (NO x, particulate matter, THC, and CO) can be established in an operating range up to 50 per cent load. However, unregulated emissions such as aldehydes, aromatics, and 1,3-butadiene, which are seen as a severe threat to human health, are concerned when operating the engine with ultra-high EGR. In this study, the THC emissions from a diesel engine operated with ultra-high EGR low-temperature combustion were speciated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Some unregulated toxic emissions including aldehydes, aromatics, 1,3-butadiene, and some low molecular hydrocarbons dramatically increase in the ultra-high EGR low-temperature combustion regime. The exhaust oxidation catalyst is effective to remove aldehydes and some unsaturated hydrocarbons, but aromatics and methane generated from the ultra-high EGR operation are hardly reduced, particularly at higher loads.

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