This chapter talks about how the world and, in particular, the regional balance of power made comprehensive intelligence reform imaginable for the first time. The immediate precipitant for this reimagining arrived after a conspicuous U.S. intelligence failure one sunny late summer morning in September 2001. This chapter has examined how the civilian and military institutions of the Japanese intelligence community were actively reimagined in the first decade of 21st century. The ruling party and the government all were motivated by shifts in the strategic environment to undertake extended deliberations regarding reform of the intelligence community. This chapter outlines how involved the ruling party and government are on rearranging its roles and missions, introducing and optimizing new technological capacity, and coming up with ways international collaboration might be enhanced.