scholarly journals EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY ON PLANT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT LEVELS OF PINE BARK MEDIA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 849c-849
Author(s):  
T.E. Bilderback
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Foliar Tissue ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Ilex × `Nellie R. Stevens' holly, Rhododendron sp. `Hinodegeri' azalea and Pyracantha coccinea, scarlet firethorn rooted cuttings were potted in • 3.81 containers. Irrigation was applied by Dram rings daily, or every 2,4,or 6 days. Approximately 1000 ml of water were applied at each irrigation. Three container media, including pine bark, and pine bark amended with either Terra-Sorb AG synthetic moisture extender incorporated at 1.2 kg/m3 or Aqua-Gro G wetting agent incorporated at 0.9 kg/m3 plus monthly drenches of 700 ml of 2500 ppm Aqua-Gro L were compared for physical and chemical properties and plant growth responses. Decreasing irrigation decreased pH, increased nutrient leachate levels, and increased foliar tissue levels of N,P,K,Ca,and Fe in holly and azalea. Pyracantha top and root dry weight was reduced at 4 and 6 day irrigation intervals, holly top growth was reduced by 6 day and azalea had greatest shoot growth at 2 day irrigation and was reduced by other irrigation frequencies. Top growth of all 3 species and root growth of pyracantha was reduced in the pine bark treatment.

scholarly journals Arcillite: Effect on Chemical and Physical Properties of Pine Bark Substrate and Plant Growth

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
Ted E. Bilderback
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of arcillite, a calcined montmorillonite and illite clay, on the physical and chemical properties of a pine bark growth substrate and plant growth. To accomplish this, Cotoneaster dammeri ‘Skogholm’ and Rhododendron sp. ‘Sunglow’ were potted into pine bark substrate amended with 0, 27, 54, 67 or 81 kg/m3 (0, 45, 90, 112 or 136 lbs/yd3) arcillite. Plants were irrigated every l, 2, or 4 days. Container capacity, available water, and bulk density increased with increasing arcillite rate. Air space decreased with increasing arcillite rate. Total porosity and unavailable water were not affected by arcillite. Substrate NH4, NO3, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations increased with decreasing irrigation frequency. Substrate NH4, P, and K concentrations increased with increasing arcillite rate suggesting that arcillite improved retention within the container substrate. Azalea ‘Sunglow’ shoot dry weight decreased linearly with decreasing irrigation frequency and increased curvilinearly with increasing arcillite with maximum dry weight occurring at 67 kg/m3 (l12 lbs/yd2). Cotoneaster ‘Skogholm’ shoot dry weight increased linearly with increasing arcillite rate at 2 and 4 day irrigations and curvilinearly at 1 day irrigation with maximum weight at 67 kg/m3 (112 lbs/yd2).

scholarly journals Variability in Plant Growth in Retail Potting Media

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Wiberg ◽  
Richard Koenig ◽  
Teresa Cerny-Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

There is extensive variability in physical and chemical properties among brands of retail potting media. The purpose of this study was to assess variability in seed germination and plant growth responses among and within brands. Twenty-four different brands of media, and multiple bags of five brands, were purchased at nine retail stores. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds were germinated in 11 different brands of media and in media from different bags of four of the same brands. Marigold (Tagetes erecta) and petunia (Petunia×hybrida) were grown to flowering in 10 brands of media. Germination varied significantly among media brands and among bags of one of the brands. Plant performance also varied significantly, with several of the brands producing plants with few flowers, long times to flowering, and low shoot and root dry weights even though all treatments received uniform applications of a complete fertilizer solution three times per week. Few relationships could be discerned between individual physical and chemical properties of the media and plant performance. Results indicate improvements in quality among brands and quality control within brands are needed in the retail potting media industry. Quality assessment tools emphasizing plant performance could improve overall media quality.

scholarly journals STUDY AND ESTIMATION OF THE RATIO OF 137CS AND 40K SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES IN SANDY AND LOAM SOILS / 137CS IR 40K SAVITŲJŲ AKTYVUMŲ SANTYKIŲ TYRIMAS IR VERTINIMAS PRIESMĖLIO IR PRIEMOLIO DIRVOŽEMYJE

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Renata Mikalauskienė ◽  
Donatas Butkus ◽  
Ingrida Pliopaitė Bataitienė
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nuclear Testing ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Plant ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The present article describes changes in specific activities and fluctuations in the ratio of natural 40K and artificial 137Cs radionuclides in soil samples taken from different places of Lithuanian territory. The samples of soil have been selected from the districts polluted after the accident in Chernobyl nuclear plant performing nuclear testing operations. The study has established the main physical and chemical properties of soil samples and their impact on the concentration of 40K activities. 137Cs/40K specific activities in soil have been observed under the dry weight of the sample that varied from 0.0034 to 0.0240. The results of the study could be used for establishing and estimating 137Csand 40K transfer in the system “soil-plant”. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama gamtinės (40K) ir dirbtinės (137Cs) kilmės radionuklidų savitųjų aktyvumų ir jų santykio kaita skirtinguose Lietuvos teritorijos dirvožemiuose. Dirvožemio mėginiai parinkti iš vietovių, kurios buvo labiau užterštos po Černobylio atominės elektrinės avarijos ir buvusių branduolinių bandymų. Tyrimo metu nustatytos pagrindinės fizinės cheminės dirvožemio savybės ir jų poveikis 40K aktyvumų koncentracijai. 137Csir 40K savitieji aktyvumai dirvožemyje tirti esant sausam mėginio svoriui. 137Cs savitieji aktyvumai sausame dirvožemyje svyravo nuo 1,1±1,0 iki 14,3±0,9 Bq/kg, o 40K savitieji aktyvumai – nuo 326±29 iki 740±15 Bq/kg. 137Csir 40K savitųjų aktyvumų santykis skirtingų vietovių dirvožemiuose kito nuo 0,0034 iki 0,0240 Bq/kg. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti panaudoti, nustatant ir įvertinant 137Csir 40K pernašą sistemoje dirvožemis–augalai.

Laboratory Measurement of CO2 Emissions from Agricultural Waste Burning in Northeastern Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Nongnaphat Khosavithitkul ◽  
Kenneth J. Haller ◽  
Nares Chuersuwan ◽  
Thananchai Wannasook
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Waste Burning ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Northeastern Thailand ◽  
And Chemical Properties

One hundred and thirty-seven samples of agricultural residue were taken from the study area of forty subdistricts in twenty districts of ten provines in the Northeastern region of Thailand. The samples were analyzed for major physical and chemical properties and subjected to simulated burning. Rice straw had the highest dry weight and bagasse the lowest. Bagasse had the highest moisture content and the highest carbon content. Results from simulated burning found that sugarcane leaf emitted more CO2 than the other residues. Weight loss on combustion was in the range of 75-92 %, and the simulated burn of agricultural residues showed CO2 emission values at 67% of the IPCC values.

First insights into the biochemistry ofSabella spallanzanii(Annelida: Polychaeta) mucus: a potentially unexplored resource for applicative purposes

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Stabili ◽  
Roberto Schirosi ◽  
Angela Di Benedetto ◽  
Alessandro Merendino ◽  
Luciano Villanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
And Function ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Although mucus plays many different roles among marine invertebrates, relatively little is known about the link between biochemical structure and function. In the present study we focused on some physical and chemical properties of the polychaeteSabella spallanzanii's mucus such as viscosity, osmolarity, electrical conductivity, elemental composition, the protein and carbohydrate content, the total lipids and fatty acid composition, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination. Moreover, an antimicrobial activity of the mucus was investigated. The water content ofS. spallanzaniimucus was 96.2±0.3%. By dry weight 26±1.2% was protein, 8±0.21% was carbohydrate and only 0.1% lipid, much of the remainder of the dry weight was inorganic (about 65.2%). The estimated PCBs content was <0.005 μg g−1. The mucus ofS. spallanzaniiexerted a natural lysozyme-like activity and producedin vitrothe growth inhibition ofVibrio anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas aeruginosaandCandida albicans.The findings from this study contribute to improve the limited knowledge available on the mucus composition in invertebrates and have implications for future investigations related to employment ofS. spallanzaniimucus as a source of compounds of pharmaceutical and marine technological interest.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF COIR WASTE AND THEIR RELATION TO PLANT GROWTH

1997 ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Noguera ◽  
M. Abad ◽  
R. Puchades ◽  
V. Noguera ◽  
A. Maquieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

scholarly journals EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Sebastiania commersoniana

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horácia Celina Armando Mula Boene ◽  
Antonio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Nilton José Sousa ◽  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de diferentes substratos para a produção de mudas de Sebastiania commersoniana e relacionar suas características físicas e químicas com a qualidade das mudas produzidas. Para tanto, foram formulados 22 substratos, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas avaliadas, sendo a semeadura realizada em tubetes de 120 cm³, acondicionados em casa de sombra, com irrigação controlada. Para a análise dos resultados, foram feitas avaliações de altura, diâmetro de colo, biomassa seca aérea e radicial, facilidade de retirada do tubete, agregação das raízes ao substrato, índice de qualidade de Dickson e relação altura e diâmetro de colo aos 180 dias. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o melhor substrato testado foi o substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus. Os componentes renováveis, casca de arroz carbonizada, fibra de coco e substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus, apresentaram-se viáveis tecnicamente para produção de mudas de branquilho, enquanto que a casca de arroz carbonizada pura e vermiculita fina não apresentaram viabilidade. No que se refere às propriedades dos substratos, apenas a densidade aparente, pH, Ca e P apresentaram correlação com as variáveis biométricas das mudas. AbstractEffects of different substrates in production of Sebastiania commersoniana seedling. The aim of this research was to evaluate technical feasibility of using different substrates for production of seedlings of Sebastiania commersoniana and relate physical and chemical characteristics to the quality of the produced seedlings. In order to that, 22 substrates were formulated, with their physical and chemical properties evaluated, sowed in tubes of 120 cc, and put in shade, under controlled irrigation. For the results analysis, it evaluated height, stem diameter, air and radicial biomass, ease of removability, root aggregation to the substrate, Dickson quality index, and relation of height and diameter at 180 days. According to the obtained results, the best substrate tested was the commercial pine bark based substrate. The renewable components, carbonized rice hulls, coconut fiber, and commercial pine bark based substrate presented technical feasibility to produce Sebastiania commersoniana seedlings, on the other hand pure carbonized rice hulls and fine vermiculite did not. Towards the properties of the substrates, only bulk density, pH, Ca, and P correlated with biometric variables of the seedlings.Keywords: Branquilho; carbonized rice hulls; coconut fiber; pine bark; forest nursery.

scholarly journals MEDIA ROOT TRAINER MENGANDUNG COCOPEAT DAN GAMBUT MENDUKUNG PERTUMBUHAN DAN KUALITAS AKAR BATANG BAWAH KARET / Root Trainer Media Containing Cocopeat and Peat to Support Growth and Quality of Rubber Rootstock Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Nur Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Budi Setyawan ◽  
Samijan Samijan ◽  
Nofitri Dewi Rinojati ◽  
Sumarmadji Sumarmadji
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Range Test

<p>The physical and chemical properties of the growing medium for <em>root trainer</em> of rubber are critical to support plant growth. This study aimed to obtain the best medium for growing rootstock rubber seedlings in the <em>root trainer</em>.  Rubber clone PR 300 seeds were germinated for 21 days, then raised in <em>root trainer</em> pots for five months. The treatments evaluated were a mixture of <em>cocopeat</em>, Rawapening peat, and manure at different ratios.  The experiment was designed in a Randomized Block Design, three replications, 30 plants per replicate, totaling 720 plants. The observed variables were N, P, K, Mg, C-organic content, pH, and cation exchange capacity of <em>cocopeat</em>, peat, and manure, as well as plant growth (height, stem diameter, wet weight, and dry weight). ANOVA used for analyzing data, followed with the <em>Duncan Multiple Range Test</em> at 5% level. The results showed that there were three best <em>root trainer</em> media for PR 300 rubber rootstock seedlings were a mixture of <em>cocopeat</em> + peat (1:1), <em>cocopeat</em> + peat + manure (1:2:1), and <em>cocopeat</em> + peat + manure (2:1:1). The growth and compactness of the roots are outstanding, so the seedlings are easily removed from the <em>root </em><em>trainer</em> pots without significant damage. Based on the initiation and cost, the best <em>root trainer</em> medium is a mixture of <em>cocopeat</em> + peat + manure (1: 2:1). It is necessary to study the use of other types of peat soils apart from Rawapening. Also, it needs to be observed further plant growth after inoculation with the stem and after planting in the field.</p><p><strong>Keywords </strong>: Planting medium, Rawapening peat, rubber clone PR 300.<em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>Abstrak<br /></strong></p><p>Sifat fisik dan kimia media tanam di dalam wadah <em>root trainer</em> bibit karet sangat penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan bibit batang bawah karet di dalam <em>root trainer</em>.  Benih klon karet PR 300 dikecambahkan selama 21 hari pada bedeng pengecambahan kemudian dipindah-tanam dan dibesarkan selama 5 bulan dalam pot <em>root trainer</em>. Perlakuannya yaitu campuran <em>cocopeat</em>, gambut Rawapening, dan pupuk kandang (pukan) pada berbagai ratio, dan kontrol. Penelitian dirancang secara Acak Kelompok, tiga ulangan, masing-masing 30 tanaman, sehingga totalnya 720 tanaman. Variabel yang diamati yaitu kandungan N, P, K, Mg, C-organik, pH, dan kapasitas tukar kation dari <em>cocopeat</em>, gambut, dan pupuk kandang, serta pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi, diameter batang, bobot segar, dan bobot kering). Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, kemudian <em>Duncan Multiple Range Test</em> pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga macam media <em>root trainer</em> terbaik untuk bibit batang bawah karet klon PR 300 yaitu campuran <em>cocopeat </em>+ gambut (1:1), <em>cocopeat </em>+ gambut + pukan (1:2:1), dan <em>cocopeat </em>+ gambut + pukan (2:1:1). Pertumbuhan dan kekompakan akar sangat baik sehingga bibit mudah dilepas dari <em>root tainer</em> tanpa kerusakan berarti. Berdasarkan kepraktisan dan biaya maka media <em>root trainer</em> terbaik adalah campuran media <em>cocopeat </em>+ gambut + pukan (1:2:1). Perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai pemanfaatan tanah gambut jenis lainnya selain dari Rawapening. Selain itu, juga perlu diamati lebih lanjut pertumbuhan tanaman setelah diokulasi dengan batang atas maupun setelah ditanam di lapangan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci </strong>: Gambut Rawapening, klon karet PR 300, media tanam.</p>

scholarly journals Organic Soil Amendment and Tillage Affect Soil Quality and Plant Performance in Simulated Residential Landscapes

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1522-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Loper ◽  
Amy L. Shober ◽  
Christine Wiese ◽  
Geoffrey C. Denny ◽  
Craig D. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Residential Landscapes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The urban soil environment is usually not conducive to healthy root growth and function, leading to problems with plant establishment, growth, and aesthetic quality. The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of compost with or without the application of shallow tillage or aeration will improve soil physical and chemical properties and plant growth compared with an unamended control in simulated new residential landscapes. Twenty-four mixed landscape plots were established in a randomized complete block design to simulate new residential landscapes. Each plot was constructed using 10 cm of subsoil fill material over a compacted field soil and planted with Stenotaphrum secundatum and mixed ornamental plant species. Composted dairy manure solids were applied as an organic soil amendment at a depth of 5 cm (≈256 Mg·ha−1) in combination with two mechanical soil treatments (tillage to 15 cm and plug aeration) for a total of five soil management treatments plus an untreated control. Soil physical and chemical properties, plant growth, and quality and plant tissue nutrient concentrations were assessed periodically to determine the effect of soil treatment on soil and plant quality. Applications of compost to soils significantly reduced soil bulk density and pH and increased soil organic matter, electrical conductivity, and Mehlich-1 phosphorus and potassium concentrations. All ornamental plant species, with the exception of Raphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. ex Ker Gawl., exhibited more growth when grown in soils amended with composted dairy manure solids. In most instances, plant tissue nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were higher for plants grown in soils receiving compost. Results of our study suggested that the addition of composted dairy manure solids to soils can improve soil properties and enhance plant growth in residential landscapes when sandy fill soils are used. In contrast, shallow tillage and aeration had little effect on soil properties or plant growth.

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