scholarly journals Ethnicity, Job Search and Labor Market Reintegration of the Unemployed

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Constant ◽  
Martin Kahanec ◽  
Ulf Rinne ◽  
Klaus F. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
The Unemployed

scholarly journals Unemployment Cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Eeckhout ◽  
Ilse Lindenlaub
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Beveridge Curve ◽  
Strategic Complementarity ◽  
Exogenous Shocks ◽  
Jobless Recovery ◽  
The Unemployed

The labor market by itself can create cyclical outcomes, even in the absence of exogenous shocks. We propose a theory in which the search behavior of the employed has profound aggregate implications for the unemployed. There is a strategic complementarity between active on-the-job search and vacancy posting by firms, which leads to multiple equilibria: in the presence of sorting, active on-the-job search improves the quality of the pool of searchers. This encourages vacancy posting, which in turn makes costly on-thejob search more attractive—a self-fulfilling equilibrium. The model provides a rationale for the Jobless Recovery, the outward shift of the Beveridge curve during the boom and for pro-cyclical frictional wage dispersion. Central to the model’s mechanism is the fact that the employed crowd out the unemployed when on-the-job search picks up during recovery. We also illustrate this mechanism in a stylized calibration exercise. (JEL E24, E32, J63, J64)

scholarly journals Ethnicity, job search and labor market reintegration of the unemployed

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie F. Constant ◽  
Martin Kahanec ◽  
Ulf Rinne ◽  
Klaus F. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
The Unemployed

scholarly journals Ethnicity, Job Search and Labor Market Reintegration of the Unemployed

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie F. Constant ◽  
Martin Kahanec ◽  
Ulf Rinne ◽  
Klaus F. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
The Unemployed

scholarly journals Coaching, Counseling, Case-Working: Do They Help the Older Unemployed Out of Benefit Receipt and Back Into the Labor Market?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e436-e468
Author(s):  
Bernhard Boockmann ◽  
Tobias Brändle
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Welfare Benefit ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lock In ◽  
The Unemployed

Abstract Intensified counseling, job search assistance and related policies have been found to be effective for labor market integration of the unemployed by a large number of studies, but the evidence for older and hard-to-place unemployed is more mixed. In this paper, we present key results for a large-scale active labor market program directed at the older unemployed in Germany. To identify the treatment effects, we exploit regional variation in program participation. We use a combination of different evaluation estimators to check the sensitivity of the results to selection, substitution and local labor market effects. We find positive effects of the program in the range of 5-10 percentage points on integration into unsubsidized employment. However, there are also substantial lock-in effects, such that program participants have a higher probability of remaining on public welfare benefit receipt for up to 1 year after commencing the program.

scholarly journals The Macrodynamics of Sorting between Workers and Firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Lise ◽  
Jean-Marc Robin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Market Data ◽  
Aggregate Uncertainty ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Over Time

We develop an equilibrium model of on-the-job search with ex ante heterogeneous workers and firms, aggregate uncertainty, and vacancy creation. The model produces rich dynamics in which the distributions of unemployed workers, vacancies, and worker-firm matches evolve stochastically over time. We prove that the surplus function, which fully characterizes the match value and the mobility decision of workers, does not depend on these distributions. This result means the model is tractable and can be estimated. We illustrate the quantitative implications of the model by fitting to US aggregate labor market data from 1951–2012. The model has rich implications for the cyclical dynamics of the distribution of skills of the unemployed, the distribution of types of vacancies posted, and sorting between heterogeneous workers and firms. (JEL E24, E32, J24, J63, J64)

scholarly journals Race and Networks in the Job Search Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla ◽  
Devah Pager
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Job Offers

Racial disparities persist throughout the employment process, with African Americans experiencing significant barriers compared to whites. This article advances the understanding of racial labor market stratification by bringing new theoretical insights and original data to bear on the ways social networks shape racial disparities in employment opportunities. We develop and articulate two pathways through which networks may perpetuate racial inequality in the labor market: network access and network returns. In the first case, African American job seekers may receive fewer job leads through their social networks than white job seekers, limiting their access to employment opportunities. In the second case, black and white job seekers may utilize their social networks at similar rates, but their networks may differ in effectiveness. Our data, with detailed information about both job applications and job offers, provide the unique ability to adjudicate between these processes. We find evidence that black and white job seekers utilize their networks at similar rates, but network-based methods are less likely to lead to job offers for African Americans. We then theoretically develop and empirically test two mechanisms that may explain these differential returns: network placement and network mobilization. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for scholarship on racial stratification and social networks in the job search process.

Parental leave length, social norms, and female labor market re-entry frictions

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Bartoš ◽  
Barbara Pertold-Gebicka
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Applicant ◽  
Employment Gaps ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the role of employers in creating employment gaps among women returning to the labor market after parental leaves of different durations. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a controlled correspondence field experiment that orthogonally manipulates parental leave length and the quality of fictitious female job candidates. The experiment is complemented with a survey among human resource managers. Findings High-quality candidates receive more interview invitations when applying after a short parental leave, while low-quality (LQ) candidates receive more interview invitations when applying after a typical three years long parental leave. Survey results suggest that the difference in invitations between short and typical leave treatments is driven by a social norm that mothers should stay home with children younger than three. Productivity gains from employing a LQ job applicant with a shorter career break might not be high enough to outweigh the adverse social norm effect. Social implications The presented results point toward the strong effect of prevailing social norms on job search prospects of women returning to the labor market after parental leave. Originality/value A correspondence experiment has not been used before to study the relationship between time spent on leave and the labor market prospects of mothers. It also extends research on social norms to the domain of hiring decisions.

scholarly journals The DEA Method and its Application Possibilities for Measuring Efficiency in the Public Sector—The Case of Local Public Employment Services

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ewa Cichowicz ◽  
Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska ◽  
Monika Dędys ◽  
Maria Ekes
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Measuring Efficiency ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
The Unemployed

Public Employment Services (PES) are identified as important institutions in the process of improving the match between supply and demand in the labor market, which, despite their importance, still do not achieve the desired efficiency. The indicated problem is partly due to the lack of appropriate evaluation methods for the applied labor market policy instruments. This paper aims to verify the possibility of using the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method in measuring the efficiency of public sector entities. The authors focused on 39 PES operating in Mazovia province, Poland in 2019. In the first stage, the model of technical efficiency of local PES included six variables (four inputs and two outputs). Only seven PES obtained full efficiency. The inefficiency of analyzed PES varied from about 1% to 80%. In the second stage, the attention focuses on the relationship between true unknown efficiency and its determinants (five environmental variables, both demand and supply oriented). Then, the regression coefficients and confidence intervals showed that three out of five variables influence the efficiency results, the share of the long-term unemployed, the share of the unemployed under 30, and the share of the unemployed over 50 in the total number of unemployed.

LABOR MARKET RESEARCH IN DNIPROPETROVSK REGION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Aloshyna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Market Development ◽  
General Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statistical Report ◽  
The Unemployed

The main tendencies and peculiarities of the labor market development of Dnipropetrovsk region are considered in the article. There were collected and analyzed the materials of Ukrainian statistical report and Dnipropetrovsk region reports of Statistics Department. There were analyzed general situation of the labor market in Ukraine and regions. The article includes indicators of the labor force of Ukraine in terms of regions over the past five years, identifies the place of the labor market of Dnipropetrovsk region in the overall structure of the labor market of Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of the labor force indicators of the Dnipropetrovsk region by the number of employed persons, the gender structure of the employed population and the dynamics of the relevant indicators. The structural changes in the composition of the unemployed population of the region by territorial and sexual affiliation are determined, as well as the changes in the sex and age structure of the unemployed population over the past five years. The conducted research made it possible to assess the structural changes in the region's labor force, which are accompanied by a reduction in the labor force, a decrease in the labor force, and an increase in the unemployed population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document