scholarly journals Phylogenetic diversity of ferns reveals different patterns of niche conservatism and habitat filtering between epiphytic and terrestrial assemblages

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana C. Hernandez-Rojas ◽  
Jürgen Kluge ◽  
Sarah Noben ◽  
Johan D. Reyes Chávez ◽  
Thorsten Krömer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Habitat Filtering

scholarly journals Climate and plant community diversity in space and time

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 4464-4470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Harrison ◽  
Marko J. Spasojevic ◽  
Daijiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Drying Trend ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Over Time

Climate strongly shapes plant diversity over large spatial scales, with relatively warm and wet (benign, productive) regions supporting greater numbers of species. Unresolved aspects of this relationship include what causes it, whether it permeates to community diversity at smaller spatial scales, whether it is accompanied by patterns in functional and phylogenetic diversity as some hypotheses predict, and whether it is paralleled by climate-driven changes in diversity over time. Here, studies of Californian plants are reviewed and new analyses are conducted to synthesize climate–diversity relationships in space and time. Across spatial scales and organizational levels, plant diversity is maximized in more productive (wetter) climates, and these consistent spatial relationships are mirrored in losses of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity over time during a recent climatic drying trend. These results support the tolerance and climatic niche conservatism hypotheses for climate–diversity relationships, and suggest there is some predictability to future changes in diversity in water-limited climates.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic support for the Tropical Niche Conservatism Hypothesis despite the absence of a clear latitudinal species richness gradient in Yunnan's woody flora

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 7055-7077 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tang ◽  
M. G. Zhang ◽  
C. Liu ◽  
Z. Zhou ◽  
W. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
The North ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Species Richness Gradient ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. The Tropical Niche Conservatism Hypothesis (TCH) tries to explain the generally observed latitudinal gradient of increasing species diversity towards the tropics. To date, few studies have used phylogenetic approaches to assess its validity, even though such methods are especially suited to detect changes in niche structure. We test the TCH using modeled distributions of 1898 woody species in Yunnan Province (southwest China) in combination with a family level phylogeny. Unlike predicted, species richness and phylogenetic diversity did not show a latitudinal gradient, but identified two high diversity zones, one in Northwest and one in South Yunnan. Despite this, the underlying residual phylogenetic diversity showed a clear decline away from the tropics, while the species composition became progressingly more phylogenetically clustered towards the North. These latitudinal changes were strongly associated with more extreme temperature variability and declining precipitation and soil water availability, especially during the dry season. Our results suggests that the climatically more extreme conditions outside the tropics require adaptations for successful colonization, most likely related to the plant hydraulic system, that have been acquired by only a limited number of phylogenetically closely related plant lineages. We emphasize the importance of phylogenetic approaches for testing the TCH.

scholarly journals Tropical Refuges with Exceptionally High Phylogenetic Diversity Reveal Contrasting Phylogenetic Structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Pugliesi ◽  
Alessandro Rapini
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Limited Dispersal

Loss of phylogenetic diversity (PD) has gained increasing attention in conservation biology. However, PD is not equally distributed in a phylogeny and can be better assessed when species relatedness (phylogenetic structure: PS) is also considered. Here, we investigate PD and PS in two refuges of biodiversity in northeastern Brazil: the Bahia Costal Forest (BCF) in the Atlantic Forest domain and Chapada Diamantina (CD) in the Caatinga domain. We used geographic data of 205 species at two spatial scales and a chronogram of Apocynaceae based on matK sequences to estimate PD and PS. Our results show an exceptionally high PD in both refuges, overdispersed in BCF and clustered in CD, although this difference is less evident or absent for recent relationships, especially at a smaller spatial scale. Overall, PS suggests long-term competitive exclusion under climatic stability, currently balanced by habitat filtering, in BCF, and biome conservatism and limited dispersal leading to in situ diversification and high density of microendemics in CD. The phylogenetically clustered flora in CD, also threatened by climate changes, are naturally more vulnerable than BCF. Therefore, while in situ conservation may ensure protection of biodiversity in BCF, emergency ex situ conservation is strongly recommended in CD.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic dispersion and diversity in regional assemblages of seed plants in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (46) ◽  
pp. 23192-23201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Qian ◽  
Tao Deng ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Lingfeng Mao ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Phylogenetic Niche Conservatism ◽  
Phylogenetic Dispersion

Species assemble into communities through ecological and evolutionary processes. Phylogenetic niche conservatism—the tendency of species to retain ancestral ecological distributions—is thought to influence which species from a regional species pool can persist in a particular environment. We analyzed data for seed plants in China to test hypotheses about the distribution of species within regional floras. Of 16 environmental variables, actual evapotranspiration, minimum temperature of the coldest month, and annual precipitation most strongly influenced regional species richness, phylogenetic dispersion, and phylogenetic diversity for both gymnosperms (cone-bearing plants) and angiosperms (flowering plants). For most evolutionary clades at, and above, the family level, the relationships between metrics of phylogenetic dispersion (i.e., average phylogenetic distance among species), or phylogenetic diversity, and the 3 environmental variables were consistent with the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis, which predicts closer phylogenetic relatedness and reduced phylogenetic diversity with increasing environmental stress. The slopes of the relationships between phylogenetic relatedness and the 3 environmental drivers identified in this analysis were steeper for primarily tropical clades, implying greater niche conservatism, than for primarily temperate clades. These observations suggest that the distributions of seed plants across large-scale environmental gradients in China are constrained by conserved adaptations to the physical environment, i.e., phylogenetic niche conservatism.

How do habitat filtering and niche conservatism affect community composition at different taxonomic resolutions?

Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 2179-2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Munoz ◽  
B. R. Ramesh ◽  
Pierre Couteron
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Habitat Filtering

scholarly journals Habitat filtering differentially modulates phylogenetic and functional diversity relationships between predatory arthropods

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 202093
Author(s):  
Aurélien Ridel ◽  
Denis Lafage ◽  
Pierre Devogel ◽  
Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe ◽  
Julien Pétillon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
Significant Attention

Mechanisms underlying biological diversities at different scales have received significant attention over the last decades. The hypothesis of whether local abiotic factors, driving functional and phylogenetic diversities, can differ among taxa of arthropods remains under-investigated. In this study, we compared correlations and drivers of functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) between spiders and carabids, two dominant taxa of ground-dwelling arthropods in salt marshes. Both taxa exhibited high correlation between FD and PD; the correlation was even higher in carabids, probably owing to their lower species richness. Analyses using structural equation modelling highlighted that FD and PD were positively linked to taxonomic diversity (TD) in both taxa; however, abiotic factors driving the FD and PD differed between spiders and carabids. Salinity particularly drove the TD of carabids, but not that of spiders, suggesting that spiders are phenotypically more plastic and less selected by this factor. Conversely, PD was influenced by salinity in spiders, but not in carabids. This result can be attributed to the different evolutionary history and colonization process of salt marshes between the two model taxa. Finally, our study highlights that, in taxa occupying the same niche in a constrained habitat, FD and PD can have different drivers, and thereby different filtering mechanisms.

The Deep Past Controls the Phylogenetic Structure of Present, Local Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pille Gerhold ◽  
Marcos B. Carlucci ◽  
Şerban Procheş ◽  
Andreas Prinzing
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Species Pools ◽  
Coexisting Species

Coexisting species may be evolutionarily proximate or distant, resulting in phylogenetically poor or rich communities. This variation is often considered to result from present assembly processes. We argue that, under certain conditions, deep-past processes might control the phylogenetic diversity of communities. First, deep-past effects involve macroevolutionary processes, such as diversification rate, niche conservatism, or dispersal, in the lineages that constitute communities. Second, deep-past processes in the respective region or in the habitat type play a role, for instance, through age, area, stability, or connectivity. Third, the deep past may affect communities via trophic interactions (i.e., communities of enemies or mutualists or communities of hosts). We suggest that deep-past effects can be identified in local communities by measuring phylogenetic diversity in different species pools. We also show how community phylogenetic diversity results in positive or negative eco-evolutionary feedback, and we identify present-day conservation challenges that may profit from a deep-time perspective.

scholarly journals Null model tests for niche conservatism, phylogenetic assortment and habitat filtering

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 930-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Ulrich ◽  
Marcin Piwczyński ◽  
Fernando T. Maestre ◽  
Nicholas J. Gotelli
Keyword(s):  
Null Model ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Habitat Filtering

Ecological niche conservatism shapes the distributions of lichens

Preslia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Fačkovcová ◽  
Senko ◽  
M. Svitok ◽  
A. Guttová
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Niche Conservatism
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document