scholarly journals ORGANIC POLLUTION INDEX IN THE EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LAKE DOHOU, A SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN THE CITY OF DUEKOUE (WEST COTE DIVOIRE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Kouame Affoue Hortense ◽  
◽  
Kouame Kouame Martin ◽  
Djirieoulou Kemomadjehi Claver ◽  
Boussou Koffi Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hierarchical Ascending Classification ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The abiotic typology of the different sampling stations based on physico-chemical parameters and the assessment of the nutrient load and the relative contributions of the different nutrient sources to this surface water were analysed. Five physical and chemical parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, transparency, pH and conductivity) were measured in situ at each sampling campaign in Lake Dohou over a period of one year, once a month at seven (7) selected stations. Water samples were taken for subsequent determination of dissolved solids, biological oxygen demand for 5 days and nutrient salts (nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium).Thephysico-chemical characterisation revealed weakly mineralised water with average conductivities varying from 12.38 ±16.33 µS.cm-1 to 39.63 ±45.28 µS.cm-1 with high temperatures in the dry season. A hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) was used to group the stations into 3 groups. Group I (stations 6), due to its exposure to domestic discharges and leaching from agricultural land, is heavily loaded with organic matter and nutrients. The values of the pollution index express a high organic pollution at all the sampling stations. The water of Lake Dohou is highly loaded with organic matter and receives a very high amount of pollutant from the environment.

scholarly journals Chemical and Phytocoenological Characteristics of Two Different Slovak Peatlands

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Danica Fazekašová ◽  
Gabriela Barančíková ◽  
Juraj Fazekaš ◽  
Lenka Štofejová ◽  
Ján Halas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Chemical Parameters

This paper presents the results of pedological and phytocoenological research focused on the detailed research of chemical parameters (pH, organic carbon, and nutrients), risk elements (As-metalloid, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and species composition of the vegetation of two different peatlands on the territory of Slovakia—Belianske Lúky (a fen) and Rudné (a bog). Sampling points were selected to characterize the profile of the organosol within the peatland, the soil profile between the peatland and the agricultural land, and the soil profile of the outlying agricultural land, which is used as permanent grassland. Based on phytocoenological records, a semi-quantitative analysis of taxa in accordance with the Braun–Blanquet scale was performed. The study revealed that the thickness of the peat horizon of the fen in comparison with the bog is very low. In terms of the quality of organic matter, the monitored peatlands are dominated by fresh plant residues such as cellulose and lignin. Differences between individual types of peatlands were also found in the soil reaction and the supply of nitrogen to the organic matter of peat. The values of the soil exchange reaction were neutral on the fen, as well as slightly alkaline but extremely low on the bog. A significantly higher nitrogen supply was found in the organic matter of the fen in contrast to the bog. At the same time, extremely low content of accessible P and an above-limit content of As in the surface horizons were also found on the fen. From the phytocoenological point of view, 22 plant species were identified on the fen, while only five species were identified on the bog, which also affected the higher diversity (H’) and equitability (e). The results of the statistical testing confirmed the diversity of the studied peatlands and the different impact of environmental variables on plant diversity.

scholarly journals Water quality assessment of the Borska Reka river using the WPI (Water Pollution Index) method

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milijasevic ◽  
Ana Milanovic ◽  
Jovana Brankov ◽  
M. Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Water Pollution Index ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Basin Area

The Borska Reka river (47 km long, 373 km2 of basin area) is located in eastern Serbia and it is the biggest tributary of the river Veliki Timok. It is also one of the most polluted watercourses in Serbia. Using the data of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, the paper analyzes water pollution using the combined physical-chemical WPI index (water pollution index) over two periods: 1993-1996 and 2006-2009. The analysis of parameters showed significantly increased values of heavy metals (especially iron and manganese) which are indicators of inorganic pollution (primarily because of mining), but also increased values of organic pollution indicators (Biological Oxygen Demand-BOD5, ammonium, coliform germs), as the result of uncontrolled domestic wastewater discharge.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Shatt Al-Arab River Using Organic Pollution Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Nada M. Al-Baghdadi ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Abdullah ◽  
Entisar N. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
The Third

The current study has evaluated Shatt Al-Arab water using organic pollution index. The study included three stations, the first Al-Sharash, the second Al-Salhiya and the third area Al-Dweab. Water samples were monthly collected from December 2017 to November 2018. Five environmental parameters were used to calculate the organic pollution index (OPI) including Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Active nitrate (NO3), Ammonium ion (NH4) and Total Phosphate (TP). The highest biological oxygen demand was 9 mg.l-1 at Al-Sharash station in July and the lowest values 1mg.l-1 in the Al- Dweab station during December, January, February and April. The highest chemical oxygen demand (250 mg.l-1 was recorded at Al-Sharash station in September and the lowest value was 6.2 mg.l-1 in Al-Dweab station during December. Nitrates was recorded the highest value 41.51 mg nitrogen-nitrate.l-1 at Al-Salhiya station in May and lowest value 1.49 mg nitrogen- nitrate.l-1 at Al-Sharash station during December. The ammonium ion was recorded in highest value 7.7 mg.l-1 at Al- Salhiya station in December and the lowest value 0.5 mg. l-1 at Al-Sharash station during June, while phosphate value was 0.23 and 1.99 mg.l-1 were recorded at Al-Sharash station in August and July respectively. The highest value of organic pollution index was 2.56 at Al-Salihiya station in August and lowest value 0.69 in the Al-Dweab station in April, while the annual rate of organic pollution index for the first, second and third stations were 1.55, 1.81 and 1.47 respectively, and 1.61 for Shatt Al-Arab water.

scholarly journals Assessment of Age Effect of Dumpsite on Biodegradability and Pollution Potentials of Leachate

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A Badejo ◽  
A.A Adekunle ◽  
J.O Adeosun ◽  
E.G Nwosu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Leachate Pollution Index ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Standard Limit

The increase in world’s population has led to increase in waste generation and is a source of concern for stakeholders across the world. These wastes end up in dumpsites which undergo different stages of decomposition thereby producing Leachate which have a tendency of polluting groundwater. This study assessed biodegradability and Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) of dumpsite relative to its age. Three dumpsites Orile (O), Solous 3 (S3) and Solous 1 (S1) dumpsites with different ages: – less than 5, between 5-10 and greater than 10 years old respectively were studied. Leachate samples were collected from each dumpsite; Physico-chemical parameters: pH, chloride, Iron, Zinc, Arsenic, Total nitrogen, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Total Dissolved Solid, Electricity Conductivity and heavy metal: Lead, Chromium and Copper were analysed to determine the LPI while BOD5/COD was determined to ascertain the level of biodegradability of the dumpsites. The BOD5/COD results for O, S3 and S1 leachates were in the decreasing order of 0.37, 0.29 and 0.21 respectively while LPI results for: O, S1 and S3 leachate were 10.00, 11.20 and 15.68 respectively which were above the standard limit of 7.38. The results showed that O and S1 dumpsite leachate had least and highest sign of biodegradability respectively. The LPI result showed that O and S1 dumpsite leachates had the highest and the least pollution potentials respectively. Leachate from dumpsites less than 5 years has higher pollution potentials and lesser biodegradable than leachates from dumpsites more than 5 years. Leachate from O dumpsite will impact negatively on groundwater quality than leachates from S1 and S3 dumpsites. The age of a dumpsite leachate determines its pollution potential and biodegradability.

scholarly journals The Romanian Map of Organic Pollution from Domestic Wastewaters � Seasonal Variations of Anionic Surfactants And Organic Load (COD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Daniel Mitru ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor ◽  
Stefania Gheorghe ◽  
Iuliana Paun ◽  
Lucian Ionescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
North West ◽  
North East

Surfactants represent the major class of chemicals used in the composition of detergents where the predominant groups are anionic surfactants. Because of the large utilization of detergents in different activities (agricultural, industrial, domestic) an important amount of surfactants can accumulate in the domestic and industrial wastewaters, that are discarded to wastewater-treatment plants (WWTP). Furthermore, surfactants could affect the process of biological wastewater treatment due the inhibition of activated sludge and subsequently the water bodies quality through discharge of WWTPs` effluents. In addition, the soil quality decreased through various modes of sludge applied. The concentrations of organic matters discharged in the wastewater systems from Romania have raised the attention of environmental authorities regarding the toxic impact of their components such as anionic surfactants on the environment. The present paper proposed to highlight the background of organic pollution from Romania through the monitoring of the organics amount in water by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and by the specific indicator � Anionic Surfactants (AS). Temporal (winter, spring and summer, 2019) and spatial (six areas: West, North-West, North-East, East, South and South-West) monitoring of organic matter was performed. It has been found that the spatial and temporal variation of AS concentrations were well correlated with COD load, leading to the conclusion that surfactants represented an important part of the global organic matter.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Pollution on some Fish and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Groups in Rivers Tigris and Diyala at Baghdad Area.

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 462-470
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City ◽  
Polluted Waters

Various activities taking place within the city of Baghdad have significantly contributed to organic pollution in Rivers Tigris and Diyala. The present study aimed to assess some physical, chemical and biological aspects of six sites on Rivers Tigris and Diyala as they flow through the city of Baghdad. Monthly samples were collected for the period January to December, 2005. Marked differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of water were noted between the two rivers’ sites. Average values during the study period of dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, particulate organic matter, nitrate, phosphate and total dissolved solids for Tigris and Diyala were 7.8,4.7; 2.4,10.4; 350.1,921.4;7.8,13.9;1.2,4.8;814,2176 mg / l respectively. The populations of two fish species, known to be present in polluted waters Silurus triostegus and Mystus pelusis, were also investigated. The two species markedly differed in their favored sites, and their numbers were significantly correlated with particulate organic matter. Average length and weight of Silurus triostegus and Mystus pelusius were respectively 40.1mm, 56.8gm and 15.3mm, 68.3gm for River Tigris, and 40.5mm, 67.5gm and 17.9mm, 73gm respectively for River Diyala. Average population densities of the major groups of benthic macro invertebrate fauna [Crustaceans, Annelids, Insects and Mollusks] were 1496, 2640, 2574 and 1744 individual/m2 respectively for River Tigris and 463, 2312, 2287 and 1700 individual/m2 respectively for River Diyala. Most invertebrate groups showed positive correlation with particulate organic matter. Despite the severity of organic enrichment in River Diyala, biotic conditions in its sites were rather similar, unlike sites on River Tigris where they significantly differed in many physical, chemical and biotic respects.

scholarly journals Excessive greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants by using the chemical oxygen demand standard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongqing Lv ◽  
Xiaoyu Shan ◽  
Xilin Xiao ◽  
Ruanhong Cai ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Recalcitrant Organic Matter

AbstractChemical oxygen demand (COD) is widely used as an organic pollution indicator in wastewater treatment plants. Large amounts of organic matter are removed during treatment processes to meet environmental standards, and consequently, substantial greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as methane (CH4) are released. However, the COD indicator covers a great amount of refractory organic matter that is not a pollutant and could be a potential carbon sink. Here, we collected and analysed COD data from 86 worldwide municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and applied a model published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to estimate the emission of CH4 due to recalcitrant organic compound processing in China’s municipal wastewater treatment systems Our results showed that the average contribution of refractory COD to total COD removal was 55% in 86 WWTPs. The amount of CH4 released from the treatment of recalcitrant organic matter in 2018 could have been as high as 38.22 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, which amounts to the annual carbon sequestered by China’s wetlands. This suggests that the use of COD as an indicator for organic pollution is undue and needs to be revised to reduce the emission of GHG. In fact, leaving nontoxic recalcitrant organic matter in the wastewater may create a significant carbon sink and will save energy during the treatment process, aiming at carbon neutrality in the wastewater treatment industry.

scholarly journals Characterization of Ouémé River Quality in Upper Delta Using Water Evaluation Indices and Multivariate Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Lawani Rebecca Annick Nireti ◽  
Kelome Nelly Carine ◽  
Agassounon Djikpo Tchibozo Micheline
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
River Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
French Association ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Pollution represents a serious problem for the environment. The aim of this research was to assess the level of organic pollution of the Ouémé River and his physical quality. Nine physical and chemical parameters were measured in nine different stations between March and October 2016, during dry and rainy season. The methods used were those recommended by the French Association of Normalization (AFNOR). Data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate statistical technics, including principal component analysis (PCA) and variance analysis. The Leclercq Organic pollution index was used to assess the level of organic pollution. The values of the measured parameters suggest an organic pollution on all stations. The pollution degree varies according to the study area with contents that sometimes pass those recommended by the WHO standards. More advanced information about water quality for this study area were obtained. Therefore, this study will help stakeholders to better manage Ouémé River’s water.

scholarly journals Assessing the Organic Pollution and Aquaculture Activity of Surface water at Shatt-Al-Arab Estuary Southern of Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Makia M. Al-Hejuje ◽  
Prof. Hamid Talib Al-Saad ◽  
Najah A. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Status ◽  
Tide Period ◽  
Surface Water Samples ◽  
Minimum Operator

Surface water samples were collected monthly from December, 2012 to November, 2013 at the middle part of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary at Basrah city during the low tide period to assess the organic pollution status using the Organic Pollution Index (OPI), and the aquaculture activities using Minimum Operator Concept (MOC). Results of biological oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonium, nitrite and orthophosphate were used to calculate OPI, while dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphate and turbidity were used to calculate MOC. Results showed that OPI values range from 4.5 - 4.75 referred to weak organic–non organic pollution status. On the other hand, the water of Shatt Al-Arab Estuary can be considered as medium–excellent water for aquaculture activity according to the MOC range (66.67 - 93.33). Keywords: Estuary, Surface water, Organic Pollution Index, Aquaculture activity, Minimum Operator Concept

Groundwater quality and its suitability for different uses in lower Djendjen Watershed, Northest Algeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Faouzi Zahi ◽  
Fethi Medjani ◽  
Mohamed Djidel ◽  
Abdelmalek Drouiche
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
North East ◽  
Langelier Saturation Index ◽  
Industrial Needs

Groundwater is a vital resource in coastal areas to supply domestic, drinking, irrigation and industrial needs. To study the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater and their suitability, Thirty-one (31) groundwater samples were collected from the shallow tubewells in the plain of the Djendjen river (North-East of Algeria). The water quality assessment has been carried out by evaluating the physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, major ions i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, HCO3- and nutrients (NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-). The chemical parameters plotted in Piper’s diagram show the dominance of two chemical facies “calcium and sodium chloride” and “calcium bicarbonate”. Based on the analytical results, groundwater in the area is found to be generally suitable for drinking. The organic pollution index (OPI) show that the water is generally in the good quality category with no organic pollution. Chemical parameters when plotted in the U.S. Salinity diagram indicate that waters are C2S1 and C3S1 types, i.e., medium to high salinity and low sodium which is good for irrigation. Four corrosion indices were calculated (The indices include the Langelier saturation index, Ryznar stability index, Puckorius scaling index, Larson). The result indicates the corrosive nature of the majority of water samples.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document