scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites in calves in small and middle-sized farms of South-East Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
MARIA STUDZIŃSKA ◽  
JACEK BOGUCKI ◽  
MARTA DEMKOWSKA-KUTRZEPA ◽  
MONIKA ROCZEŃ-KARCZMARZ ◽  
KLAUDIUSZ SZCZEPANIAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Group I ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Group Ii

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and invasion intensity of gastrointestinal parasites in calves from small and middle-sized farms, with a special focus on invasions of chosen protozoa. The analysis included 150 calves from 2 weeks to 5 months of age. The calves came from 30 individual farms with up to 50 cattle managed in a confined system or confined-pasture system. Three types of farms were established: I: up to 20 heads; II: up to 30 heads, and III: up to 50 heads. The feces samples for the analyses were collected directly from the rectum. Each sample was tested using macroscopic and microscopic methods (the McMaster technique, the standard flotation method and the sedimentation method according to Żarnowski and Josztowa). The numbers of oocysts/cysts/eggs per 1 gram of feces (OPG/CPG/EPG) were established. The feces of 94 calves no older than 8 weeks which exhibited traits of diarrhea were analyzed with Bio-X Cryptosporidium parvum Elisa Kit (Kit for antigenic diagnosis of Cryptosporidium parvum by Elisa in bovine feces). The results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The total prevalence of parasites in all groups was 35.33%. The dominating invasion (26%) was with protozoa belonging to Eimeria (most commonly E. bovis, E. zuerni and E. aubernensis). This was followed by Buxtonella sulcata (6.67%), Cryptosporidium parvum (7.45%; Elisa test), Strongyloides papillosus (4.67%) and gastrointestinal nematodes (2.67%). The fewest calves infected with parasites were in Group I, where only the invasions of protozoa were detected. The parasitic infection rates for group II and III were twice and thrice higher, respectively, than for group I. In Groups II and III, nematodes were found apart from protozoa. In all three groups the dominating invasion was Eimeria spp. (Group I: 20%, II: 24%, III: 34%). The prevalence for B. sulcata, S. papillosus, and gastrointestinal nematodes in the groups was as follows: Group I – 2; 0; 0%; Group II – 8; 8; 0%; Group III – 10; 6; 8%, respectively. In the calves aged up to eleven weeks of life, the dominating invasions were Eimeria spp., Cryptosporidium parvum and S. papillosus, while in the calves of 4-5 months of age, B. sulcata and gastrointestinal nematodes prevailed. The average invasion intensities were as follows: Eimeria spp.: 24414 OPG, B. sulcata: 78 CPG, S. papillosus: 86 EPG, and gastrointestinal nematodes: 138 EPG. In the groups, the results were the following: Eimeria spp.: 94,512 (550-414,000); 271 (100-600); 222 (50-500) OPG., B. sulcata 50; 75 (50-100); 70 (50-100) CPG; S. papillosus 0; 75 (50-100); 90 (50-150) and gastrointestinal nematodes: 0; 0; 138 (50-250) EPG. In the calves from all groups, the dominating invasions were caused by parasites belonging to one taxon (genus), they constituted 90%, 80% and 89%, respectively. The statistical analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between the management system and invasion intensity of Eimeria spp.

scholarly journals Results of modern tuboperitoneal infertility treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drenka Turjacanin-Pantelic ◽  
Dragana Bojovic-Jovic ◽  
Biljana Arsic ◽  
Eliana Garalejic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background/Aim. A modern approach to surgical treatment of tuboperitoneal infertility is based on laporascopic techniques. The aim of this study was to compare results of tuboperitoneal infertility treatment by the use of laparoscopy and classical laparotomy. Methods. A retrospectiveprospective study on 66 women treated operatively form tuboperitoneal infertility was performed. Data from patient's anamnesis and those related to the surgical treatment results, obtained by the use of an inquiry, were used in retrospective and prospective analysis, respectively. Chi-square test was used in statistical analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results. Classical laparotomy was used on 34 women in a period from 1996 to 1997, while 32 women were operated laparoscopically in a period from 1999 to 2000. The results were as follows: a total number of conceived women was 16 (24%), seven in the group I (20.6%) and nine in the group II (28.1%); 13 women were with one pregnancy, six in the group I (17.6%) and seven in the group II (22%). Twice pregnant were three women, one in the group I (2.9%) and two in the group II (6.2%). The resulting pregnancies were: five women with abortion spontaneous, two in the group I (5.9%) and three in the group II (9.4%); two women with extrauterine pregnancy in the group I (5.9%); three with pretemporal birth, one in the group I (2.9%) and two in the group II (6.2%), while six women were with the temporal birth, two in the group I (5.9%) and four in the group II (12.5%). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the results between these two groups. Conclusion. Surgical treatment of tubeperitoneal infertility, regardless of the used methods (classical laparotomy or laparoscopy) was successful in a great number of women. These methods have a great advantage over in vitro fertilization, and they should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Predatory viability of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on the infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep following storage and refrigeration

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. e154252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
Paulo Wbiratan Loes da Costa ◽  
Francisca Flávia da Silva ◽  
Hermano Manoel Francisco Figueiredo Bezerra ◽  
Leonardo Vinicius Silva de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Alginate Matrix

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo predatory viability of the nematophagous fungus, Duddingtonia flagrans, after storage (36 months) and refrigeration (2-8 °C). This viability was evaluated using the infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in the Northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil. Sixteen Santa Inês sheep with negative counting of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were divided into four experimental groups, each group comprised of four animals. The pellets were administered at the dose of 3 g/10 kg of live weight (20% fungal micelyum), and a single administration was performed for each animal. Group I was administered pellets that had been stored for 36 months; Group II, freshly produced pellets; Group III, freshly produced pellets that did not contain fungi; and Group IV, pellets were not administered, and this was the control group. Feces were collected for 5 days, every 24 h for analysis. There was a significant decrease in the number of infective larvae of sheep nematodes that received D. flagrans pellets in a sodium alginate matrix, 82% was observed for Group I and 71% for Group II, compared to the control group. It is therefore concluded that the fungus, D. flagrans, pelleted in sodium alginate matrix after 36 months of storage at 2-8 °C, showed efficacy in reducing the number of infective larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. 

scholarly journals A comparison of airway maintenance by cuffed Oropharyngeal airway (COPA) and laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in spontaneously breathing adult patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Zia ◽  
Tahir Chaudhry ◽  
Riaz Hussain ◽  
Tafoorul Islam Ghalani
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Laryngeal Mask Airway ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Laryngeal Mask ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Spontaneously Breathing

In this study total hundred patients wee included. Fifty (group I) were subjected to COPA device for airway maintenance and in other fifty (group II) LMA was used. In this study first attempt successful insertion rate in group I was 90% while in group II it was 94%. However statistical analysis showed no significant different in both groups. Regarding maneuvers needed to maintain smooth breathing in group I head tilt was used in 2 %. It is significantly high in group I than in group II. Laboured breathing was seen in 6% in group I while 2% in group II. There was no significant difference in both groups. According to this study LMA is better in all respect as it is easier to insert and better fit in.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF RETINAL DETACHMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
A. N. Sergienko ◽  
V. V. Dashina ◽  
A. V. Malyshev ◽  
O. I. Lysenko ◽  
S. V. Yanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Aim.The study was designed for the evaluation of the quality of life of children with retinal detachment during vitrectomy.Materials and methods. 23 children with retinal detachment aged from 10 to 17 years were treated. Surgical treatment consisted of a three-port vitrectomy and a laser endocoagulation of the retina. 3 groups were formed with the help of a random sampling. During the surgical treatment of group I (n=8), only balanced non-oxidant solutions of salts (Balsed Salt Solution − BSS) were used. Tablets of antioxidant preparations were not assigned. Saline solutions with antioxidants (BSS plus) were used to carry out surgery for group II (n=8). Group III (n=7) was additionally taking antioxidant preparations peros for 3 months in the postoperative period . The quality of life was studied using the abridged Russian version of the VFQ-25 questionnaire. 10 children of the same age with no indications of surgical treatment of retinal detachment were selected for the control group. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using a set of programs for applied statistical analysis Analyst Soft, Bio Stat 2007.Results.A week after the surgical treatment, no increase in visometric data was observed. Six months later, a significant increase in visual acuity was revealed. The highest visometric data were observed in group II due to the minimal progression of lens opacities. Group I patients had the lowest values of this index.Conclusion.The positive effect of the surgical treatment of retinal detachment positively influenced the patients’ quality of life in the early and late postoperative period.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites on Beef Cattle in Jombang District

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Melda Mufidatul Ifqiyyah ◽  
Boedi Setiawan ◽  
Agus Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Feces Sample ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
Protozoan Infections

The disease that is quite detrimental to cattle is gastrointestinal parasitic infection. Gastrointestinal parasites infect the cattle by taking host nutrients that would caused emaciation, lethargy, and decreased productivity. This study aims to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Jombang District. This research was conducted in July to August 2019 with 100 samples of cattle feces. Sample examinations were carried out in the laboratory of the Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga using the sedimentation and floating methods. Detection of parasites in all samples using microscope with magnification of 100x and 400x. On examination, several types of parasites were found included Strongyloides papillosus, Toxocara vitulorum, Oesophagostomum spp., Moniezia expansa, Blastocystis spp. and Eimeria spp. The results of this study were found the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites on beef cattle in Jombang district was 35% with a worm infection prevalence of 15% and protozoan infections of 20%.

scholarly journals An epidemiological investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants in Tangail, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Atikur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Shahid Labony ◽  
Anita Rani Dey ◽  
Mohammad Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitism is anegregious problem in small ruminant production system due to is impact on growth and associated cost of control measures. An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants from different areas of Madhupur, Tangail. The stool samples were collected from a total of 426 goats and sheep from study areas. Specimens were subjected to Stoll’s ova counting technique and the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was found 63.4%. Overall prevalence of nematodes, cestodes, trematodes and protozoa was 52.11%, 2.11%, 36.62% and 10.33%, respectively. The prevalence of parasites were variable with Fasciola spp. (8.45%), Paramphistomum spp. (28.17%), Monieziaspp. (2.11%), Haemonchus spp. (31.22%), Trichurisspp. (1.17%), Oesophagostomum spp. (10.80%), Strongyloides spp. (4.93%), Trichostrongylus spp. (2.35%), Bunostomum spp. (1.64%), Eimeria spp. (24%) and Balantidium spp. (6.34%). Parasitic ova counts in male and female exhibited no significant variations (p>0.05) between them. The infection was significantly higher (65.11%) in adult than in young (58.09%). No significant (p>0.05) variation was observed in infection rates between goats (64.09%) and sheep (60.67%). Seasonal variation was found significant between rainy (72.44%), winter (56.72%) and summer (61.82%) seasons. Animals with poor body conditions (74.67%) were mostly affected compared to those with moderate (62.38%) and good (39.00%) body conditions. Further attempt is necessary for a structured surveillance and monitoring of GI parasites to formulate effective control measures.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 255-259, December 2017

Listening to Music during Outpatient Cystoscopy Reduces Pain and Anxiety and Increases Satisfaction: Results from a Prospective Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jan-Niclas Mumm ◽  
Lennert Eismann ◽  
Severin Rodler ◽  
Theresa Vilsmaier ◽  
Alaleh Zati Zehni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Satisfaction Rates

<b><i>Background:</i></b> This study investigates the effect of classical music, music of patients’ own choice, or no music on pain reduction during elective cystoscopy. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to describe the effect of listening to classical music, music of patients’ own choice, or no music on patient’s pain and satisfaction rates when carrying out an elective cystoscopy and the effect on the assessment capability of the performing urologist. <b><i>Design, Setting, and Participants:</i></b> This randomized trial included 127 patients undergoing elective cystoscopy at the Urological Department of the University Clinic of Munich between June 2019 and March 2020. <b><i>Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis:</i></b> Patients were assigned randomly to 3 groups: group I: listening to standardized classical music (<i>n</i> = 35), group II: listening to music according to the patients’ choice (<i>n</i> = 34), and control group III: no music (<i>n</i> = 44). Prior to cystoscopy, anxiety levels were assessed by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS, range 1–100) was used for a self-assessment of pain, discomfort, and satisfaction. Statistical analysis was done with Spearman’s rank correlation and <i>t</i>-tests. <b><i>Results and Limitations:</i></b> The median age was 63 (range 27–91) years. The duration of cystoscopy was 5.7 (1–30) min. Patients had undergone a median of 2.3 cystoscopies in the past. Between giving informed consent and cystoscopy, patients had to wait for a median of 64 (0–260) min. The median VAS pain score was significantly lower in group I at 1.7 and group II at 2.3 versus 5.2 in the control group III (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The control group III had significantly worse pain and patient satisfaction rates compared with groups I and II. Group I had a significant lower VAS pain score than groups II and III (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Classical music also increased the assessment capability of the preforming urologist. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Listening to music during elective cystoscopy significantly reduces pain and distress and leads to higher patient and surgeon satisfaction. We recommend listening to classical music or music chosen by the patients during outpatient flexible/rigid cystoscopy in daily clinical routine. <b><i>Patient Summary:</i></b> In this study, we found that patients who listened to classical music or music of their own choice while undergoing a cystoscopy showed significant reduction of pain and distress.

scholarly journals Influence of horse management systems in south-western Poland on the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites.

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 721-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria B. Studzińska ◽  
Marta Demkowska-Kutrzepa ◽  
Jacek Bogucki ◽  
Monika Roczeń-Karczmarz ◽  
Krzysztof Tomczuk
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Management System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Mcmaster Method ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Average Representation ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites in horses from various management systems. The study included 296 horses of different breeds and ages (from 6 months to 20 years), of both sexes, coming from various management systems: Group 1 – horses using natural pastures, Group 2 – horses pastured on field pastures created by man, Group 3 – horses using sand areas. Faeces samples were collected directly from the rectum 1–2 days before worming. Each sample was examined macro- and microscopically (McMaster method). The number of oocysts/eggs per gram of faeces (OPG/EPG) and parasite abundance (average representation of parasites in relation to all animals). The results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Total prevalence of parasites in all groups was 66.89%: E. leucarti 0.68%; Anoplocephalidae 4.73%, P.equorum 9.46% and Strongylidae 64.19%. Total prevalence per group was the following: 1 – 57.43%; 2– 26.69%; 3 – 6.38 %. In all management systems, the dominating parasites belonged to Cyathostominae (Group 1–77.65%, Group 2 – 70.89%, Group 3 – 4.25%). The prevalences of P. equorum, Anoplocephalidae, E. leucarti in each group were as follows: Group 1 – 10.59; 3.53; 0.59%; Group 2 – 11.39; 10.13; 1.27%; Group 3 – 2.13; 0; 0%.The average intensities of Strongylildae, P. equorum, Anaplocephalidae and E. leucarti in groups were as follows: Group 1 – 606.44; 519.44; 50; 50; Group 2 – 472.32; 261.11; 62.5; 50; Group 3 – 1150; 450; 0; 0. On the other hand, the average abundances in each group were the following: Group 1 – 473.67; 55; 1.76; 0.29; Group 2 – 334.81; 29.75; 6.33; 0.63; Group 3 – 48.94; 9.57; 0; 0. The statistical analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between the management system and invasion intensity. However, the analysis, taking into consideration a correlation between the management system and abundance, revealed statistically significant differences. The differences were observed between Groups 1 and 3 (pi = 0.0000001) and between Groups 2 and 3 (pi = 0.0000001).

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle and sheep in three municipalities in the Colombian Northeastern Mountain

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Pinilla Leon ◽  
Nelson Uribe Delgado ◽  
Angel Alberto Florez
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in cattle and sheep from three municipalities in the Colombian Northeastern Mountain. Materials and Methods: Overall, 200 fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum in cattle and sheep. The presence of helminths eggs and coccidial oocysts in fecal samples was detected using McMaster and Dennis techniques. Identification of eggs or oocysts was done on the basis of morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: The global prevalence of GI parasites was 56.3%. Regarding the prevalence by municipalities, there was no statistical association (p>0.05), indicating that the prevalence was similar in the three municipalities. The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in sheep (63%) as compared to that of cattle (50.5%), but the difference was nonsignificant (p>0.05). The most prevalent parasites were Eimeria spp., Fasciola hepatica, and Strongylida order. Regarding the results for Eimeria spp., different degrees of positivity were observed, but there was no statistical association (p>0.05) with respect to the age group. Likewise, there was no statistical association (p>0.05) between the prevalence for Strongylida order and F. hepatica with respect to the age group. Conclusion: Cattle and sheep in Colombian Northeastern Mountain were infected with helminths and coccidia. The prevalence values of GI parasites were moderate in both species warranting treatment. The presence of F. hepatica represents a risk factor to health public. Future studies are required to evaluate the parasitic dynamics throughout the year and the impact on animal production.

scholarly journals Comparison of Intra-Articular Bupivacaine and Neostigmine with Bupivacaine and Fentanyl for Post-Operative Analgesia in Arthroscopic Knee Surgeries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Prachi Singh ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Manoj Tripathi ◽  
Deepak Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Arthroscopic Knee

Background: The post-operative pain in knee arthroscopy procedures can be attributed to irritation of free nerve endings of synovial tissue, anterior fat pad, and joint capsule during surgical excision and resection1.  In the recent years, new interest has focused on the cholinergic system that modulates pain perception and transmission. The present study is designed to compare the efficacy of intra- articular Bupivacaine and Neostigmine with Bupivacaine and Fentanyl for pain relief following arthroscopic surgeries.Subjects and Methods:Prospective, Interventional, Randomised study was conducted over 90 patients scheduled for elective arthroscopic knee surgery, who were randomly allocated into three equal groups of 30 patients each. Group I-Bupivacaine with Neostigmine, Group II-Bupivacaine with Fentanyl and Group III-Bupivacaine alone. The study drug combinations were administered Intra-articularly at the conclusion of surgery. Hemodynamic variables and Pain were observed immediately after completion of surgery (Baseline) and thereafter at fixed intervals. The duration of effective analgesia was measured from the “baseline” until the first use of rescue analgesic. The number of rescue analgesics given in 24 hours were also recorded. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 15.0 statistical Analysis Software.Results:Requirement for first analgesia was significantly earlier in Group III (146.00±71.66 minutes) as compared to Group II (236.00±111.34 minutes) and Group I (648.00±228.55 minutes). Majority of patients of Group I (90.0%) required rescue analgesia only once while in was twice in Group II (90.00%) and thrice in Group III (86.67%).Conclusion:Intra-articular administration of Neostigmine in combination with Bupivacaine provided a better post-operative analgesic effect with a lower incidence of side effects and lesser requirement of rescue analgesia.

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