scholarly journals Predicting the occurrence of stoneflies (Plecoptera) on the basis of water characteristics, river morphology and land use

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Lock ◽  
Peter L. M. Goethals
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
River Morphology ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Modelling Techniques

Stoneflies are macro-invertebrates that are sensitive water quality indicators. Here, their occurrence was modelled based on physical–chemical water characteristics, river morphology and land use with five different modelling techniques. In a case-study in Flanders, stoneflies were found in 219 samples and two sets of absence data were gathered: 219 random samples from sites without stoneflies and 219 samples from sites downstream of each sampling site where stoneflies were observed. With both random and downstream absences, logistic regressions, artificial neural networks, support vector machines, random forests and classification trees could all successfully predict stonefly occurrence. For most environmental parameters, significant differences were found between sites with and without stoneflies. As stoneflies were only detected in a few percent of the samples, the ecological water quality is obviously still too low in most watercourses. Based on planned water quality improvement measures, an ensemble forecast using the five mentioned modelling techniques predicted that stonefly prevalence will only increase marginally by 2015 and 2027. To meet the European Union Water Framework Directive requirements, which states that all surface waters should obtain a good ecological quality, a more ambitious management plan is needed to decrease nutrient concentrations and improve habitat quality.

scholarly journals Field evidence of the influence of aquatic macrophytes on water quality in a shallow eutrophic lake over a 13-year period

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edélti Faria Albertoni ◽  
Cleber Palma-Silva ◽  
Claudio Rossano Trindade Trindade ◽  
Leonardo Marques Furlanetto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Water State ◽  
Macrophyte Growth

AIM: The main objective of this work is to describe the changes in water characteristics of a shallow subtropical lake, in periods with and without growing of macrophytes, related to periods of clear-macrophyte dominance and turbid-phytoplankton dominance states. METHODS: The study was conducted in Biguás Lake, in the south coastal plain of Brazil (32° 04' 43" S and 52° 10' 03" W). Samplings were carried out monthly between October 2000 and November 2013. The limnological variables measured in the water column were dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), chlorophyll-a, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP) and suspended material (SM). Data were grouped according to periods with macrophyte growth dominance (MD) and without macrophytes, with phytoplankton dominance (PD), and applied t- tests among TP, TN, Chlorophyll-a and SM. During macrophyte growth we estimated the coverage (%) and biomass variation of plants. RESULTS: Over the 13 years, the lake was well oxygenated, alkaline, and with a temperature variation according to subtropical seasonality. The lower values of all of the limnological variables were verified during periods of macrophyte growth, characterizing periods of clear and turbid waters. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of aquatic macrophytes in improving water quality in this shallow lake during the studied period, reducing nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll-a and suspended material in water, favoring the maintenance of a clear water state, was verified.

Influence of climate,geology and humans on spatial and temporal nutrient geochemistry in the subtropical Richmond River catchment, Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester J. McKee ◽  
Bradley D. Eyre ◽  
Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Peter R. Pepperell
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
River Catchment

Water quality was monitored on a spatial and temporal basis in the subtropical Richmond River catchment over two years. Nutrient concentrations varied seasonally in a complex manner with highest concentrations (maximum =3110 µg N L – 1 and 572 µg P L –1 ) associated with floods. However, median (444 µg N L – 1 and 55 µg P L – 1 ) concentrations were relatively low compared with other parts of the world. The forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in streams varied seasonally, with greater proportions of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus during the wet season. Minimum nutrient concentrations were found 2—3 months after flood discharge. With the onset of the dry season, concentration increases were attributed to point sources and low river discharge. There were statistically significant relationships between geology and water quality and nutrient concentrations increased downstream and were significantly related to population density and dairy farming. In spite of varying geology and naturally higher phosphorus in soils and rocks in parts of the catchment, anthropogenic impacts had the greatest effects on water quality in the Richmond River catchment. Rainfall quality also appeared to be related both spatially and seasonally to human activity. Although the responses of the subtropical Richmond River catchment to changes in land use are similar to those of temperate systems of North America and Europe, the seasonal patterns appear to be more complex and perhaps typical of subtropical catchments dominated by agricultural land use.

scholarly journals Harmonised LUCAS in-situ land cover and use database for field surveys from 2006 to 2018 in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël d’Andrimont ◽  
Momchil Yordanov ◽  
Laura Martinez-Sanchez ◽  
Beatrice Eiselt ◽  
Alessandra Palmieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
European Union ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Resolution ◽  
Multi Temporal

Abstract Accurately characterizing land surface changes with Earth Observation requires geo-located ground truth. In the European Union (EU), a tri-annual surveyed sample of land cover and land use has been collected since 2006 under the Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS). A total of 1351293 observations at 651780 unique locations for 106 variables along with 5.4 million photos were collected during five LUCAS surveys. Until now, these data have never been harmonised into one database, limiting full exploitation of the information. This paper describes the LUCAS point sampling/surveying methodology, including collection of standard variables such as land cover, environmental parameters, and full resolution landscape and point photos, and then describes the harmonisation process. The resulting harmonised database is the most comprehensive in-situ dataset on land cover and use in the EU. The database is valuable for geo-spatial and statistical analysis of land use and land cover change. Furthermore, its potential to provide multi-temporal in-situ data will be enhanced by recent computational advances such as deep learning.

scholarly journals Nitrate Relationships between Stream Baseflow, Well Water, and Land Use in the Tomorrow-Waupaca Watershed

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Lin ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
Byron Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Stream Monitoring ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations

We examined the use of stream baseflow water quality as a representative measure of mean ground water quality in the Tomorrow-Waupaca Watershed in central Wisconsin and the relationship between agricultural land use and watershed water quality. From 1997 to 1999, 38 stream sites were sampled for nitrate during winter and summer baseflow conditions. Some sites have been sampled during winter baseflow conditions since 1994. The land area contributing ground water to each stream sampling site was delineated, resulting in 38 sub-basins. In addition, over 3500 test results from private wells in the watershed were compiled and mapped using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Nitrate concentrations in stream baseflow and well waters were found to have strong positive correlation in the sub-basins of second order or higher. This indicates that stream baseflow may be valid for monitoring mean ground water quality in watersheds predominantly fed by ground water, where much of the stream nitrate is believed to originate from ground water. Analysis of seasonal variation in the stream data showed that winter nitrate concentrations were higher than summer concentrations, implying that winter stream monitoring may be more critical for the assessment of overall ground water quality in the watershed. We also found that, as the amount of agricultural land increased in each sub-basin, average nitrate concentrations in the well and stream waters also increased, suggesting a connection between agricultural land use and nitrate contamination of water resources in the watershed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of microbiological quality of coastal waters in Greece

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Vantarakis ◽  
A. Tsibouxi ◽  
D. Venieri ◽  
G. Komninou ◽  
M. Papapetropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Human Viruses

To evaluate the microbiological water quality of bathing sites along the Achaia coastline (south western Greece), a survey was conducted to determine the concentration of faecal bacterial and phage indicators as well as the presence of human viruses. Seawater samples (234) were collected from nine bathing sites on the Achaia coastline and were analysed for the presence of: total coliforms, faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci, Escherichia coli, somatic coliphages, F-RNA bacteriophages, bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides fragilis, enteroviruses, adenoviruses and hepatitis A viruses. Most of the bacteriological analysis results were in accordance with the European Union standards. In all sites, bacteriophages were detected occasionally. Enteroviruses and adenoviruses were detected in 24 samples (10.26%) and 37 samples (15.81%) respectively. No samples were positive for the presence of hepatitis A virus. The overall data indicates that bathing sites are impacted by human faecal material. Both bacterial indicators and phages have low predictive capability for the presence of human viruses in coastal waters. None of the environmental parameters analysed was strongly related to the presence of the indicator organisms and viruses. Appropriate and effective administrative measures that should be taken into account may be considered in order to improve water quality and reduce public health risk.

Water Quality Modelling of the River Rhine and Its Tributaries in Relation to Sanitation Strategies

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Van Pagee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Water Quality Modelling ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Steady State Model ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Rhine Water

Water quality modelling techniques havebeen used to evaluate and predict the influence of taken, projected and potential sanitation measures for domestic and industrial wastewater loads in the River Rhine drainage area. 15Because of serious eutrophication problems in the Dutch fresh water lakes, that are fed by the River Rhine, special attention is given to the quantification of sanitation measures that can reduce the nutrient concentrations. As a base for modelling the River Rhine water quality, a one-dimensional steady-state model MODQUAL (a modified version of the QUAL-II model) has been developed and applied on the riversystem downstream of Lake Constance, including the main tributaries Neckar, Main and Mosel and the Dutch branches IJssel, Lek and Waal. It is shown that the development of wasteloads and the introduction of biological (secondary) treatment since 1973, has resulted in a significant improvement of water quality components as DO, B0D5, COD, Kjeldahl-N and NH4-N. The influences of tertiary treatment directed on nitrogen or phosphorus removal and the introduction of phosphate-free detergents are quantified for various hydrological conditions.

Combining LIDAR-derived Digital Terrain Indices and Machine Learning, for High Resolution National-scale Soil Moisture Mapping of the Swedish Forest Landscape.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli M. Ågren ◽  
Johannes Larson ◽  
Siddhartho S. Paul ◽  
Hjalmar Laudon ◽  
William Lidberg
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
Terrain Indices

<p>To meet the sustainable development goals and enable protection of surface waters, there is a strong need to plan and align forest management with the needs of the environment. The number one tool to succeed in sustainable spatial planning is accurate and detailed maps. High resolution soil moisture mapping over spatial large extent remains a consistent challenge despite its substantial value in practical forestry and land management. Here we present a novel technique combining LIDAR-derived terrain indices and machine learning to model soil moisture at 2 m spatial resolution across the Swedish forest landscape with high accuracy. We used field data from about 20,000 sites across Sweden to train and evaluate multiple machine learning (ML) models. The predictor features included a suite of terrain indices generated from national LIDAR digital elevation model and other ancillary environmental features, including surficial geology, climate, land use information, allowing for adjustment of soil moisture maps to regional/local conditions. In our analysis, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) outperformed the other tested ML methods (Kappa = 0.69, MCC= 0.68), namely Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes classification. The depth to water index, topographic wetness index, and wetlands derived from Swedish property maps were the most important predictors for all models. With the presented technique, it was possible to generate a multiclass model with 3 classes with Kappa and MCC of 0.58. Besides the classified moisture maps, we also investigated the potential of producing a continuous map from dry to wet soils. We argue that the probability of a pixel being classified as wet from the 2-class model can be used as an index of soil moisture from 0% – dry to 100% – wet and that such maps hold more valuable information for practical forest management than classified maps.</p><p>The soil moisture map was developed to support the need for land use management optimization by incorporating landscape sensitivity and hydrological connectivity into a framework that promotes the protection of soil and water quality. The soil moisture map can be used to address fundamental considerations, such as;</p><ul><li>(i) locating areas where different land use practices can be conducted with minimal impacts on water quality;</li> <li>(ii) guiding the construction of vital infrastructure in high flood risk areas;</li> <li>(iii) designing riparian protection zones to optimize the protection of water quality and biodiversity.</li> </ul>

scholarly journals Analysis of physicochemical water quality parameters for streams under agricultural, urban and forest land-use types: in the case of gilgel Gibe catchment, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Zawude Bakure ◽  
Samuel Fikadu ◽  
Asgdom Malu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Streams ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Agricultural Streams ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Streams draining to Gilgel Gibe catchment cross agricultural and urban land uses receiving a different pollutant that challenges water quality. A total of 21 sampling sites were selected from seven streams of agricultural (n = 3), urban (n = 3) and forest (n = 1) land-use types. Composite samples were collected from upstream, middle and downstream of all land-use types. Twenty-three physicochemical parameters were measured from each sampling site. Temperature, DO, pH, EC, turbidity, width, depth, current velocity and discharge were measured onsite. Two milliliters of unfiltered water samples was collected from every site for laboratory analysis. Mean of NO3-N was highest in agricultural streams than forested and urban streams. In contrast, mean of SRP, NH4-N and COD and BOD5 concentration was greater in urban streams followed by agricultural streams, whereas forest streams are lowest. Concentrations of nutrients, EC and turbidity were recorded in increasing manner across land-use gradient from forested to agricultural and urban streams. The analysis of one-way ANOVA showed that all physicochemical parameters were significantly different among all sites with different land-use types (P < 0.05), except for water temperature (one-way ANOVA: F = 0.987, P = 0.494). NMDS and cluster analyses have discriminated the sites into three groups of land-use types. Then, we conclude that water quality of urban stream is highly impaired than agricultural streams, whereas forested streams have better water quality. Therefore, stream restoration projects, reforestation, conservation of riparian vegetation appropriate waste disposal need to be encouraged in the study area for sustainable management of freshwater resources.

Ecological characteristics of plant species and associations along two Dinaric karstic rivers (Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Balkans)

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anđelka Lasić ◽  
Nenad Jasprica ◽  
Mira Morović ◽  
Tatjana Kapetanović ◽  
Marina Carić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Site Water

AbstractThis paper describes the plant communities of two oligotrophic karstic rivers with a slight anthropogenic influence — the Trebižat and the Lištica — in South Bosnia and Herzegovina, their sinecology, and the relationship between vegetation and plant species and environmental parameters. According to 87 relevés, a total of 26 plant associations, using Braun-Blanquet methods, were found in the rivers and nearby surveyed area. Only nine associations were common to both rivers. Eight associations were recorded for the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the first time. Associations from both rivers differed according to following parameters measured at the sampling site: water temperature, distance from the mouth (river kilometers), river width, water depth, flow, pH and slope. There were no differences in nutrient concentrations among the associations. According to Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), three environmental variables out of the 11 initially considered were retained as being related to plant distribution. The first two axes explained 56.8% and 35.2% of variance of species-environment relationship in the Trebižat and Lištica rivers, respectively. Water depth in the Trebižat River, and pH and river kilometers in the Lištica River were found to be the most influential, while nutrients and other physico-chemical parameters were not significant in either river. Water depth vector was identified as an underlying environmental factor determining distribution of Potamogeton lucens and Myriophyllum verticillatum (Potamion), and Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeion albae). According to in situ measurements of light intensity, the highest coefficients of light attenuation, radiance and reflection were found at a station with dense populations of Potamogeton lucens and Nuphar luteum (Potametum lucentis). The vegetation and floristic value of the rivers is discussed as a basis for biodiversity conservation programmes and evaluating the state of these ecosystems in the future.

Monitoring land use change in the Lake Taupo catchment between 1975, 1990 and 2002 using satellite remote sensing data

2007 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
H. Lilienthal ◽  
A. Brauer ◽  
K. Betteridge ◽  
E. Schnug
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Slow Decline

Conversion of native vegetation into farmed grassland in the Lake Taupo catchment commenced in the late 1950s. The lake's iconic value is being threatened by the slow decline in lake water quality that has become apparent since the 1970s. Keywords: satellite remote sensing, nitrate leaching, land use change, livestock farming, land management

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