scholarly journals Identifying challenges in drinking water supplies: assessment of boil water advisories in Norway (2008–2019)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Hyllestad ◽  
Svanhild Schipper Kjørsvik ◽  
Lamprini Veneti ◽  
Ettore Amato
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Boil Water Advisories ◽  
Reporting Rates ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract The issuing of boil water advisories (BWAs) is a widely used response to microbiological contamination events in drinking water supply systems, and may therefore serve as an indicator for the access to safe drinking water. To supplement data source on the overall status of water supply systems (WSSs) in Norway, we analysed public media reports published in Norway to assess trends, causes, geographical and seasonal distribution of BWAs issued during the period 2008–2019. We identified 1,108 BWA events increasingly reported over the study period but characterised by a decreasing trend in time with respect to duration. The two main frequent causes for BWA were detection of faecal indicator bacteria (42.6%) and risk of contaminants intrusion in the distribution system (21%). We observed higher reporting rates in summer and autumn compared with winter, and higher reporting rates in Northern and Eastern Norwegian regions compared with the Central region. The results of this study could serve as supplementary information to better understand the overall status among WSSs in Norway, particularly in case of recurrent BWA's events, as well as suggest the relevance of BWAs' monitoring in identifying risk factors and planning targeted interventions.

Methodological Approaches to Organization of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Novikova ◽  
I.O. Myasnikov ◽  
A.A. Kovshov ◽  
N.A. Tikhonova ◽  
N.S. Bashketova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Supply Systems

Summary. Introduction: Drinking water is one of the most important environmental factors sustaining life and determining human health. The goal of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project is to improve drinking water quality through upgrading of water treatment and supply systems using advanced technologies, including those developed by the military-industrial complex. The most informative and reliable sources of information for assessing drinking water quality are the results of systematic laboratory testing obtained within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring (SGM) and production control carried out by water supply organizations. The objective of our study was to formulate approaches to organizing quality monitoring programs for centralized cold water supply systems. Materials and methods: We reviewed programs and results of drinking water quality laboratory tests performed by Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions within the framework of SGM in 2017–2018. Results: We established that drinking water quality monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs significantly in the number of monitoring points (566 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai vs 10 in Sevastopol) and measured indicators, especially sanitary and chemical ones (53 inorganic and organic substances in the Kemerovo Region vs one indicator in the Amur Region). Discussion: For a more complete and objective assessment of drinking water quality in centralized cold water supply systems, monitoring points should be organized at all stages of water supply with account for the coverage of the maximum number of people supplied with water from a particular network. Thus, the number of points in the distribution network should depend, inter alia, on the size of population served. In urban settlements with up to 10,000 inhabitants, for example, at least 4 points should be organized while in the cities with more than 3,000,000 inhabitants at least 80 points are necessary. We developed minimum mandatory lists of indicators and approaches to selecting priority indices to be monitored at all stages of drinking water supply.

scholarly journals Microbial diversity in full-scale water supply systems through sequencing technology: a review

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 25484-25496
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Weiying Li ◽  
Jiping Chen ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Zhongqing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Supply Systems

Drinking water microbial diversity influence in full-scale water supply systems.

scholarly journals Water contamination events in UK drinking-water supply systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gray
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Company ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Contamination Events ◽  
Supply Systems

Water supply companies in the UK have a duty under prime UK legislation to notify the Drinking Water Inspectorate of events affecting or potentially affecting the quality of drinking-water supplies. Under the same legislation, the Inspectorate has a duty to investigate each event. After assessing all of the information available, including companies' reports, the Inspectorate advises on the way in which the event was handled and whether any statutory requirements were contravened. If appropriate, a prosecution of the water company may be initiated. Copies of the assessment are sent to the water company, relevant local and health authorities, Ofwat (the economic regulator), the regional Consumer Council for Water and any other interested parties, including consumers who request it. Generic guidance may be issued to the industry on matters of wider concern. This paper considers the role of the Inspectorate, the powers available to it and reporting arrangements. An overview is presented of events that occurred between 1990 and 2005 and common features are identified. Causes of different types of event are discussed. The importance of well-established contacts between the various interested parties involved in protecting public health is emphasised through discussion of example incidents.

scholarly journals Modeling chloramine decay in full‐scale drinking water supply systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-454
Author(s):  
Henry Ricca ◽  
Vasanthadevi Aravinthan ◽  
Gnanamanikam Mahinthakumar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Application of model fitting technique to enhance bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) measurement for drinking water supply monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjin Xue ◽  
Christopher W. K. Chow ◽  
John van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Bacterial Regrowth

Abstract The bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) method was utilised to indirectly measure the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) as an indicator for the assessment of the microbial regrowth potential in drinking water distribution systems. A model using various microbial growth parameters was developed in order to standardise the experimental interpretation for BRP measurement. This study used 82 experimental BRP data sets of water samples collected from the water treatment plant to locations (customer taps) in the distribution system. The data were used to model the BRP process (growth curve) by a data fitting procedure and to obtain a best-fitted equation. Statistical assessments and model validation for evaluating the equation obtained by fitting these 82 sets of data were conducted, and the results show average R2 values were 0.987 for treated water samples (collected at the plant prior to chlorination) and 0.983 for tap water (collected at the customer taps). The F values obtained from the F-test are all exceeded their corresponding F critical values, and the results from the t-test also showed a good outcome. These results indicate this model would be successfully applied in modelling BRP in drinking water supply systems.

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