Reclamation and Reuse of Wastewater by Biological Aerated Filter Process

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adachi ◽  
Y. Fuchu

The Biological Aerated Filter process (BAF process) is ideal for reclamation and reuse of wastewater. It features excellent removal of organic matter and SS. Moreover, it features easy maintenance and achieves energy-saving and space-conservation. Results of applying this BAF process for the reclamation and reuse of domestic-type wastewater in an office building, castor oil containing industrial wastewater in an aluminium rolling mill, and industrial wastewater in a paper mill are summarized in the following. Treatment of office building domestic-type wastewater. Combining the BAF process with sand filtration and ozonation processes, in the office building's water reuse facility, achieved favorable treatment yielding an effluent with a BOD of less than 5 mg/liter and SS of less than 1 mg/liter. In the course of the investigation, however, it was found that certain types of algicides for eliminating water moss in the cooling tower had a negative effect on the BAF process, which lasted for some time but which eventually disappeared. Treatment of aluminium rollingmill industrial wastewater. Treatment of castor oil containing influent (BOD: 40 mg/liter and n-Hexane extracts: 40 mg/liter) by the BAF process yielded an effluent with a BOD level of 5 mg/liter and a value of 10 mg/liter n-Hexane extracts. Light shielding was effective for preventing the generation of slime. Treatment of paper mill industrial wastewater. Paper mill industrial wastewater was treated through a combined treatment comprising the coagulation and sedimentation process (Pellet Blanket Separator; PBS), the BAF process, and the activated carbon adsorption process. The resulting effluent had the COD down to 30 mg/liter and the SS to 5 mg/liter. Under normal circumstances, only the coagulation and sedimentation process and the BAF process were sufficient for achieving target treatment values. There was no need to carry out the activated carbon adsorption process.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Ira Tyas Kurniasari ◽  
Cucun Alep Riyanto ◽  
Yohanes Martono

Humans need water with good quality to fulfill their needs. Water with high hardness content will have a bad impact if consumed continuously, so the adsorption method is carried out to reduce the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. The adsorption process uses sugarcane bagasse activated carbon (SBAC) and the tested water sample is well water in District Jati, Kudus. Synthesis of  SBAC was conducted with H3PO4 30% as an activator at an impregnation ratio of 1:5 (w/w) at temperature 700°C. The FTIR result showed that SBAC contains O-H, C-H, C=C, C≡C, and C-O as functional groups. Analysis result with the XRD instrument showed that the microstructure of SBAC that is formed is turbostatic structure and amorphous. Modeling isotherm suitable for SBAC adsorption on Ca2+ ions is Langmuir isotherm where the R2 value is 0.9134 which shows that the adsorption process occurs chemically and monolayer. Modeling isotherm suitable for SBAC adsorption on Mg2+ ions is Elovich isotherm where the R2 value is 0.8638 which means that the adsorption process is multilayer and adsorption in non-ideal conditions. Modeling kinetics suitable for SBAC adsorption on  Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions is Pseudo Orde 2 where the R2 value is 0.9395 and 0.7274. Percent efficiency value of sugarcane activated carbon adsorption of Ca2+ dan Mg2+ ions on District Jati, Kudus well water is 14.44% and 8.94% and 40 minutes stirring time.


2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Chen ◽  
Wenbiao Jin ◽  
Zhaoyun Liang ◽  
Abd El-Fatah Abomohra ◽  
Xu Zhou ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Shun-hwa Lee ◽  
Yun-kyung Park ◽  
Miran Lee ◽  
Byung-dae Lee

This study was carried out to increase the treatment efficiency through the improvement of the conventional biological process, and to propose the optimal treatment direction. The optimal treatment conditions were derived based on the results of the spike damage tests in each single process. The removal efficiency of micropharmaceuticals was further increased when an ozone treatment process was added to the biological process compared to the single process. The soil and activated carbon adsorption process was introduced in the post-treatment to remove the micropharmaceutical residues, and the removal efficiency of the pharmaceduticals in the final effluent was more than 85% in spike damage experiment. In particular, the continuous process of biological treatment-ozone-adsorption could ensure the stable treatment of micropharmaceuticals, which had not been efficiently removed in the single process, as it showed more than 80% removal efficiency. Therefore, it is expected that the addition of the ozone oxidation and activated carbon adsorption process to the existing sewage treatment facilities can contribute to the efficient removal of micropharmaceuticals.


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