Methyl mercury in the dutch rhine delta

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Pieters ◽  
Victor Geuke
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Continuous Sedimentation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

Samples of yellow eel from various locations in the Dutch Rhine area have been analyzed for trend monitoring of mercury since 1977. In the western Rhine delta mercury levels in eels have hardly changed since the seventies, whereas in the eastern part of the Dutch Rhine area a considerable decrease of mercury concentrations in eel has occurred. Because of continuous sedimentation of contaminated suspended matter transported from upstream regions, accumulation rates and concentrations of mercury in eel in the western Rhine delta remained at a relatively high level. Analyses of methyl mercury in biota have been performed to elucidate the role of methyl mercury in the mercury contamination of the Dutch Rhine ecosystem. Low percentages of methyl mercury were observed in zooplankton (3 to 35%). In benthic organisms (mussels) percentages of methyl mercury ranged from 30 to 57%, while in fish species and liver of aquatic top predator birds almost all the mercury was present in the form of methyl mercury (> 80%). During the period 1970-1990 mercury concentrations of suspended matter in the eastern Rhine delta have drastically decreased. These concentrations seemed to be highly correlated with mercury concentrations of eel (R = 0.84). The consequences of this relation are discussed.

scholarly journals Percepción de los entrenadores de alto rendimiento de atletismo: caracterización de su perfil polifacético (Perception of high performance track and field coaches: characterization of their multifaceted profile)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Angeles Filgueira Perez
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Ideal

En el presente estudio se ha tratado de obtener una aproximación al perfil ideal del entrenador de alto rendimiento en atletismo. En el mundo del deporte de alta competición, el entrenador debe desarrollar funciones de maestro, técnico y líder, lo cual hace difícil delimitar sus competencias (conocimientos, habilidades y cualidades personales). Por tanto, la principal motivación de este trabajo es establecer el papel que debe desempeñar el entrenador para la preparación física, técnica, táctica, psicológica y moral del deportista de alto nivel. Para ello, se ha considerado como población objeto de estudio al conjunto de entrenadores de alto rendimiento que en el momento de la investigación estuviesen activo, ya que interesaba realizar este estudio desde su propia perspectiva. Los datos recogidos forman parte de una investigación más amplia, llevada a cabo mediante encuesta, para la que se diseñó un cuestionario de 78 preguntas en el que se abarcaban tres temas: el perfil del entrenador y del deportista, así como la figura del formador de entrenadores en el Practicum. En este trabajo nos centramos en el primer tema y el análisis de la información obtenida nos permite concluir que la que práctica totalidad de los entrenadores de atletismo consideran necesario dominar con precisión los aspectos técnico-metodológicos. Además, consideran que su ética profesional debe estar regida por los principios de autonomía y beneficencia, de modo que valores como la honestidad y la justicia deben primar en el desarrollo de sus funciones.Abstract: In the current study, we have tried to get an approximation of the ideal profile of high performance coaches in athletics. In the high-level sports world, the coach must develop the role of teacher, technician and leader,  which makes it difficult to delimit  his/her competencies (knowledge, skills and personal qualities). Therefore, the main motivation of this work is to define the role that the coach plays in relation  to the physical, technical, tactical, psychological and moral preparation of elite athletes. Keeping this aim as an objective, we have considered as the target population the high performance coaches who are active at the time of the investigation, since we were interested  in knowing their own perspective. The data that was collected is a part of a wider investigation, conducted by a survey, for which we designed a questionnaire of 78 questions divided on three topics: the profile of the coach and the athlete, as well as the figure of the coach educator in the Practicum. In this work, we focus on the first topic and the analysis of the information that we obtained allows us to conclude that almost all the track and field coaches find it necessary to dominate the technical and methodological aspects. They also consider that professional ethics must be governed by the principles of autonomy and care that values   like honesty and justice must prevail in the performance of their work.

scholarly journals Identification of an at-risk subpopulation with high immune infiltration based on the peroxisome pathway and TIM3 in colorectal cancer

BMC Cancer ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwen Yin ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Yuntian Hong ◽  
Anli Ren ◽  
Haizhou Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Tumor Mutational Burden ◽  
Domain 3 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Checkpoint Genes ◽  
Cell Death Protein

Abstract Background Peroxisomes are pivotal metabolic organelles that exist in almost all eukaryote cells. A reduction in numbers and enzymatic activities of peroxisomes was found in colon adenocarcinomas. However, the role of peroxisomes or the peroxisome pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not defined. Methods In the current study, a peroxisome score was calculated to indicate the activity of the peroxisome pathway using gene set variant analysis based on transcriptomic datasets. CIBERSORTx was chosen to infer enriched immune cells for tumors among subgroups. The SubMap algorithm was applied to predict its sensitivity to immunotherapy. Results The patients with a relatively low peroxisome score and high level of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) presented the worse overall survival than others. Moreover, low peroxisome scores were associated with high infiltration of lymphocytes and poor prognosis in those CRC patients. Thus, a PERLowTIM3High CRC risk subpopulation was identified and characterized by high immune infiltration. The results also showed that CD8 T cells and macrophages highly infiltrated tumors of the PERLowTIM3High group, regardless of consortium molecular subtype and microsatellite instability status. This subgroup had the highest tumor mutational burden and overexpression of immune checkpoint genes. Further, the PERLowTIM3High group showed a higher probability of responding to programmed cell death protein-1-based immunotherapy. In addition, genes involved in peroxisomal metabolic processes in CRC were also investigated since peroxisome is a rather pleiotropic and highly metabolic organelle in cell. The results indicated that only those genes involved in fatty acid alpha oxidation could be used to stratify CRC patients as similar as peroxisome pathway genes. Conclusions We revealed the favorable prognostic value of the peroxisome pathway in CRC and provided a new CRC stratification based on peroxisomes and TIM3, which might be helpful for CRC diagnostics and personalized treatment.

scholarly journals Features of competitive activity of qualified football players at the stage of preparation for higher achievements taking into account the game role

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
В. Balan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Number Of Passes ◽  
Competitive Activities

At present, a significant amount of research has been performed to study the motor activity of football players in the conditions of competitions, as a result of which data on the nature and scope of players' actions both with and without the ball have been obtained. The article considers the structure of technical and tactical actions of qualified football players in competitive activities at the stage of preparation for higher achievements, taking into account the role of the game. The technical and tactical actions of football players in competitive activities are analyzed, taking into account the game role. The results of the study of the structure of technical and tactical actions of qualified football players at the stage of preparation for higher achievements in competitive activities, taking into account the role of the game allowed to establish a high level of performance of almost all techniques, largely due to team functions. It is determined that the maximum possible indicators at the stage of preparation for higher achievements are largely due to the course of natural age development. In the process of attacking actions, players use from 2 to 14 passes. Tactical combinations in 2-4 passes more often lead to taking the goal. As the number of passes increases, the effectiveness of the attacks decreases. Work on improving the relevant physical qualities can be effective only if the time coincides with purposeful intense training with the peak of age development of a certain quality. It is proved that at this stage it is necessary to gradually increase the level of general and special physical training of football players aged 19-20, taking into account individual characteristics and game role.

scholarly journals Mind-wandering during Scene Perception: On the Role of Meaning and Salience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Nicola C Anderson ◽  
Kevin Miller
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Scene Perception ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Image Features ◽  
External Information ◽  
Visual Salience ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Thought Probes ◽  
High Level

Mind-wandering (MW) often involves a decoupling between attention and external information (Schooler et al., 2011). The present study examined whether eye movements during MW decouple from image content in a scene perception task. Participants studied real-world scenes and occasionally answered thought probes assessing their attentional states (on-task, intentional MW, and unintentional MW). We built salience maps (Graph-Based Visual salience; Harel, Koch, & Perona, 2007) and meaning maps (Henderson & Hayes, 2017) to represent how low- and high-level image features were distributed across the scene. Meaning values at viewed locations showed that participants prioritized meaningful regions over less meaningful ones even during MW. But a subsequent analysis incorporating unexamined locations showed that participants tended to overlook meaningful regions during MW compared to when being on-task. Results for image salience were similar to the results for meaningfulness, as meaning and salience were highly correlated (r = 0.84). When directly compared to each other, meaning maps outperformed salience maps in predicting fixations regardless of participants’ attentional state. In addition, there were no significant differences between intentional and unintentional MW in all analyses. In sum: (1) MW affected visual attention differently at the fixation level and the trial level: individual fixations preferred meaningful regions even during MW, but overall, attention was insufficient to cover meaningful regions in the scene. (2) Relatedly, meaning maps were less precise at predicting fixation allocation during MW compared to when being on-task. (3) Even during MW, eye movements appeared to be driven more by meaning than by salience.

scholarly journals Features of cash audit in the conditions of ensuring the enterprise’s cybersecurity

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Hanna BULKOT ◽  
Iryna MIRKO
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Demand Deposits ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Significant Attention

Introduction. Today, cash accounting transactions are important in the organization and activities of any enterprise, because they cover almost all areas of its financial and economic activities and require significant attention from the auditor, as during their implementation may occur various violations and overuses by officials of the enterprise. Since cash is the most mobile asset and in today’s business environment, basically, all cash payments are non-cash (electronically), there is a high probability of overuse by third parties. Therefore, performing an audit of cash operations and implementation cybersecurity of data about their calculations is an extremely important issue to increase the efficiency of accounting and management them in enterprises. The purpose of the paper is to determine the role of cash audit for the company and ways to increase efficiency of its implementation in terms of cybersecurity of the enterprise. Results. The article acquaints with the work of various economists on the interpretation of the concept of “cash”, so we can say that cash – are the most liquid assets of the company, which are in the form of cash at the box office, cash in the bank accounts and demand deposits. The general strategy and the plan of cash audit in terms of cybersecurity of the enterprise are considered. The main reasons occurrence of problem ensuring of cybersecurity of operations with cash of the enterprise are indicated. An appropriate level of information security for cash transactions has been proposed in order to prevent threats in the enterprise. Ways to damage information security in the process of conducting an audit of cash of the enterprise are improved. Conclusions. Cash audit must be conducted in conjunction with the implementation of the necessary cybersecurity measures in the enterprise in order to reduce the level of disclosure, leakage and unauthorized access to confidential information about cash and to ensure a high level of protection of the company’s own information sources.

Hsp104 as a key modulator of prion-mediated oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2013 ◽  
Vol 454 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuljit Singh ◽  
Aliabbas A. Saleh ◽  
Ankan K. Bhadra ◽  
Ipsita Roy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cellular Defence

Maintenance of cellular redox homoeostasis forms an important part of the cellular defence mechanism and continued cell viability. Despite extensive studies, the role of the chaperone Hsp104 (heat-shock protein of 102 kDa) in propagation of misfolded protein aggregates in the cell and generation of oxidative stress remains poorly understood. Expression of RNQ1-RFP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells led to the generation of the prion form of the protein and increased oxidative stress. In the present study, we show that disruption of Hsp104 in an isogenic yeast strain led to solubilization of RNQ1-RFP. This reduced the oxidative stress generated in the cell. The higher level of oxidative stress in the Hsp104-containing (parental) strain correlated with lower activity of almost all of the intracellular antioxidant enzymes assayed. Surprisingly, this did not correspond with the gene expression analysis data. To compensate for the decrease in protein translation induced by a high level of reactive oxygen species, transcriptional up-regulation takes place. This explains the discrepancy observed between the transcription level and functional enzymatic product. Our results show that in a ΔHsp104 strain, due to lower oxidative stress, no such mismatch is observed, corresponding with higher cell viability. Thus Hsp104 is indirectly responsible for enhancing the oxidative stress in a prion-rich environment.

Quantity or Quality Evaluation of Open Space in the Urban Ghetto of Downtown, Vancouver

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1599-1602
Author(s):  
Hao Rui Wu ◽  
Chao Ping Hou
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Urban Ghetto ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Unique Part

The revitalization of urban ghettos, the most unique part of the downtown area, has already become the most difficult issue for almost all the international metropolises because it is often occupied by poor, homeless people, where crime and drug use remains at a relatively high level. The common approach in renewal projects focus on increasing the quantity of the open space, instead of ensuring quality aspects, since more open space could attract more visitors, thereby transforming the unsafe atmosphere of the area. Therefore, this research chose the Gastown and Chinatown areas in the downtown east side of Vancouver, Canada, which is a typical urban ghetto with high density and crime rates, in addition to their multiple cultural and ethnic makeup and further examined the relationships between the quality/quantity of the open space and overall living conditions and illustrated that quality plays a rather more significant role than quantity in the urban renewal process. The result would make urban designers, architects rethink the role of open space created buildings in the urban built environment by stating that enhancing the quality of existing open space would be a more practical and economic way than increasing its quantity.

Michael Kelly, Hilary Footitt, Myriam Salama-Carr (eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Languages and Conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubomír Zvada
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Speakers Of Other Languages ◽  
War And Conflict ◽  
Almost All

This Handbook maps the contours of an exciting and burgeoning interdisciplinary field concerned with the role of language and languages in situations of conflict. It explores conceptual approaches, sources of information that are available, and the institutions and actors that mediate language encounters. It examines case studies of the role that languages have played in specific conflicts, from colonial times through to the Middle East and Africa today. The contributors provide vibrant evidence to challenge the monolingual assumptions that have affected traditional views of war and conflict. They show that languages are woven into every aspect of the making of war and peace, and demonstrate how language shapes public policy and military strategy, setting frameworks and expectations. The Handbook's 22 chapters powerfully illustrate how the encounter between languages is integral to almost all conflicts, to every phase of military operations and to the lived experiences of those on the ground, who meet, work and fight with speakers of other languages. This comprehensive work will appeal to scholars from across the disciplines of linguistics, translation studies, history, and international relations; and provide fresh insights for a broad range of practitioners interested in understanding the role and implications of foreign languages in war.

Searching for ‘success’: generation, gender and onward migration in the Iranian diaspora

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Onward Migration ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Transnational Social Fields ◽  
High Level ◽  
Iranian Diaspora

This article uses the concepts of ‘transnational social fields’ and ‘habitus’ to explore the multifaceted role families play in shaping the aspirations of onward migrating youth. The article draws on biographical life history interviews conducted with the children of Iranian migrants who were raised in Sweden but moved to London, UK as adults. The findings of the study suggest that from a young age, all the participants were pressured by their parents to perform well academically, and to achieve high level careers. These goals were easier to achieve in London than in Sweden for several reasons. Interestingly, however, participants’ understandings of what constituted success and their motivations for onward migration were nuanced and varied considerably by gender. The study contributes to an understanding of the role of multi-sited transnational social fields in shaping the aspirations of migrant youths, as well as the strategies taken up by these migrants to achieve their goals.

Decision making power of college girls in relation to clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gill ◽  
Poonam Malik ◽  
Pankaj Gill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
College Going ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Garment Design ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it. Keywords: clothing, college, girls, decision making.

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