Assessment of urbanization/impervious effects on water quality in the urban river Annaba (Eastern Algeria) using physicochemical parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2051-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hafsi ◽  
L. Ouerdachi ◽  
A. E. O. Kriker ◽  
H. Boutaghane
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
The Impact

Surface water quality is deteriorating due to the increase of urbanization which increases the load of stormwater and wastewater discharged into rivers. To evaluate the quality of an urban river (Annaba, northeastern Algeria), multivariate statistical analyses were applied to the physicochemical measures of 38 parameters. The application of principal component analysis and factor analysis pointed out 19 dominant components, explaining 83.40% of the variance. Reducing the amount of data will allow a reduction in the number of parameters that need to be analysed to have sufficient information on the water quality. An analysis of the statistical tools' results and effective impervious area leads to an estimation of the urbanization threshold level at which the impact on water quality occurs. Estimating the threshold of impervious areas to abide will ensure urban development while protecting the quality of water and environmental health.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources of Pollution on Quality of Water in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) by Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor A. Baluch ◽  
Hashim Nisar Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact

Water quality of the Indus River around the upper basin and the main river was evaluated with the help of statistical analysis. In order to analyze the similarities and dissimilarities for identifying the spatial variations in water quality of the Indus River and sources of contamination, multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principle component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and descriptive analysis, was done. Data of 8 physicochemical quality parameters from 64 sampling stations belonging to 6 regions (labeled as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6) were used for analysis. The parameters used for assessing the water quality were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen reducing potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity (%), and concentration of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. PCA assisted in extracting and recognizing the responsible variation factors of water quality over the region, and the results showed three underlying factors including anthropogenic source pollution along with runoff due to rain and soil erosion were responsible for explaining the 93.87% of total variance. The parameters which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic impact are DO, EC, TDS (negative), and concentration of Pb (positive), while the concentration of As, % salinity, and ORP are affected by erosion and runoff due to rain. The worst pollution situation for regions M1 and M6 was due to the concentration of As which was approximately 400 μg/l (i.e., 40 times higher than minimum WHO recommendation). Furthermore, the results also indicated that, in the Indus River, three monitoring stations and five quality parameters are sufficient to have a reasonable confidence about the quality of water in this most important reserve of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Danube water quality and assessment on ecotourism in the biosphere reserve ‘Bačko Podunavlje’ in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1228
Author(s):  
Sanja Obradović ◽  
Milana Pantelić ◽  
Vladimir Stojanović ◽  
Aleksandra Tešin ◽  
Dragan Dolinaj
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract ‘Bačko Podunavlje’ represents one of the largest and the best-preserved wetland areas of the upper Danube. Water quality is crucial for nature in protected areas and ecotourism. The paper is based on data for the period 1992–2016. Using multivariate statistical analysis, water quality was defined. One-factor analysis of variations is the starting point for the analysis of time variables (annual and monthly analysis). The principal component analysis (PCA) of the ten quality parameters is in the three factors that determine the greatest impact on the change in water quality. Results revealed the satisfactory ecological status of the Danube River in these sections (Bezdan and Bogojevo) and there is no threat that the biodiversity of this area is endangered by poor water quality, which fully justifies the possibilities for intensive development of ecotourism in the biosphere reserve. Suspended solids are the only parameter that exceeds the allowed limit values in a larger number of measurements, especially in the summer period of the year. Other analyzed water quality parameters range within the allowed limit values for the second class of surface water quality based on the Law on Waters (Republic of Serbia) and in accordance with the Water Quality Classification Criteria of ICPDR.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Forestry and Settlement-Forest Use of the Catchments on the Parameters of Surface Water Quality: Case Studies for Chechło Reservoir Catchment, Southern Poland

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bogdał ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Tomasz Kowalik ◽  
Agnieszka Cupak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the values of 22 quality indicators of surface waters flowing out of two small catchments differing in physiographic parameters and land use, in particular forest cover and urbanization of the area. The research was carried out in the years 2012–2014 at four measurement-control points located on the Chechło river and the Młoszówka stream (Poland), which are the main tributaries of the retention reservoir. Basic descriptive statistics, statistical tests, as well as cluster analysis and factor analysis were used to interpret the research results. The water that outflowed from the forestry-settlement catchment of the Młoszówka stream contained higher concentrations of total phosphorus, phosphates, nitrite, and nitrate nitrogen and salinity indicators than outflow from the Chechło river. Water from the Młoszówka stream was characterized by more favourable oxygen conditions. Higher oxygen concentration in the catchment influenced a large slope of the watercourse and thus higher water velocity, which is promoted by the mixed process. In the case of the forest catchment of the Chechło river, the water quality was generally better than in the Młoszówka stream, mainly in cases of total suspended solids TSS, total phosphorus TP, phosphates PO43−, total nitrogen TN, nitrite N–NO2−, nitrate N–NO3−, and salinity parameters. Despite it being a short section of the river taken into the study, favourable self-purification processes like mixed, nitrification, and denitrification were observed in its water. The research shows that forest areas have a positive effect on the balance of most substances dissolved in water, and natural factors in many cases shape the quality and utility values of surface waters on an equal footing with anthropogenic factors. In the case of a large number of examined parameters and complex processes occurring in water, the interpretation of the results makes it much easier by applying multivariate statistical methods.

scholarly journals Surface water quality assessment using hybrid multivariate statistical analysis and geographic information system based on integrated water quality index model for Maozhou River Basin, Guangdong, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Lin ◽  
Huiqing Yu ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Lin Hu ◽  
Jing Yin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Evaluation ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Water Quality Status

Abstract The river is a vital component of the water ecosystem in both urban and rural regions. However, its rapidly increasing pollutants are posing a severe threat for water ecosystem security. Using Multivariate statistical technique and Integrated water quality index model (IWQI) to evaluate surface water quality and its spatial distribution based on Geographic information system (GIS). This combinatorial model have been proved to be a feasible tool for evaluating surface water quality at large-scale basin. This study analyzed the spatio-temporal variations of surface water quality, which were determined monthly from samples collected in the Maozhou River Basin Guangdong Province, China from 2018 to 2020. The results demonstrated that the surface water quality status of in the Maozhou River Basin has been steadily improved during the study period. The surface water quality of 82.17% of monitoring site reached the water quality target of function zones (surface water quality of the class V standards), with the IWQI values ranging from 12.118 to 3.650. By the end of 2019, black-odorous water in Maozhou River basin has disappeared from our sight. By 2020, the water quality status of the Maozhou River Basin has been steadily maintained at “Medium and good” level, and the main background pollutants for the water quality target of function zones is NH3-N. However, the some area in which the surface water quality still need to further improve is estuary and southwest tributary in the basin. This finding calls for further efforts to improve surface water quality and to properly deal with various sources of pollution in the watershed. It is concluded that this combined surface water quality evaluation model is more efficient and reasonable for surface water quality evaluation at a larger scale. It can provide scientific foundation for the water ecosystem management and planning in efficiently managing and evaluating surface water quality at river or basin scales.

scholarly journals The Impact of Urban Flooding on Surface Water Quality of Awka Town

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Okoye ◽  
Emma E. Ezenwaji ◽  
Kabir A. Awopeju
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Improved Principal Component-Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Coupling Model for Urban River Water Quality: A Case Study in Chongqing, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Siyuan Zhao ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Qiu Jin ◽  
Huazu Liu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment

An improved principal component-fuzzy comprehensive assessment coupling model for urban river water quality is proposed, which fully considers the influence of water quality and quantity. This model can not only choose the key indexes, but also specify the spatial variation and class of water quality. This proposed model was used to assess the water quality of the Qingshui and Fenghuang streams in Chongqing, China. Data of twelve indexes used in the assessment were collected from 17 monitoring points. The assessment results show that the key indexes include TN, TP, NH3-N, CODcr, pH, DO and velocity. Water quality of 14 monitoring points is classified as class Bad V, and that of the remaining points is class V. Mainly affected by the deposition of garbage and discharge of domestic sewage, water quality of the midstream is the worst. The upstream is mainly influenced by farmland non-point source pollution and rural domestic sewage pollution. The downstream is close to the scenic area, and environmental control measures such as river dredging and artificial aeration are regularly carried out. The water quality of it is the best. The results provide valuable information that allow local environmental departments to discover the source of pollutant and formulate water resource management strategies.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal analysis of the surface water quality of the Pará River Basin through statistical techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Josiani Cordova de Oliveira ◽  
Kelly Prado Maia ◽  
Nara Linhares Borges de Castro ◽  
Sílvia Maria Alves Corrêa Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
State Legislation ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
The Impact

Water quality issues are a growing concern due to the the recent intensification of urbanization and industrialization. This paper evaluates and compares the surface water quality of the ten sub-basins of the Pará River, located in the São Francisco River Basin, Minas Gerais, and evaluates the impact of seasonality and the compliance with the current limits of state legislation. The surface water quality monitoring database of the Institute of Water Management of Minas Gerais (Igam) was used, and 18 parameters were analyzed from a historical series from 2008 to 2016, totaling 16,651 observations. First, the descriptive statistics of the parameters were calculated, considering each sub-basin separately. Then, for the temporal and spatial analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric statistical tests were applied, followed by the multiple comparison test, with an alpha level of 5%, due to the asymmetric behavior of the data. Thus, it was possible to compare water quality of the sub-basins in rainy and dry seasons and to identify which parameters were responsible for the greater degradation. In the compliance analysis to the current limits of state legislation, it was identified that all of the sub-basins were out of the specified range for at least one of the evaluated parameters. Finally, the seasonality analysis exposed significant differences in the parameters of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended solids, total solids and water temperature, where it was shown that there was a worsening of water quality in the rainy season for most sub-basins.

Surface Water Quality Assessment in Beijing (China) Using GIS-Based Mapping and Multivariate Statistical Techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1514-1526
Author(s):  
Lian Fang Li ◽  
Xi Bai Zeng ◽  
Guo Xue Li ◽  
Xu Rong Mei
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
The Public ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Beijing China

The quality of surface water is a matter of serious concern nowadays. The surface water quality in a region is mainly determined both by the natural processes (precipitation rate, weathering processes, soil erosion) and the anthropogenic influences including urban, industrial and agricultural activities and increasing exploitation of water resources [1-. Since surface water in an area is often used for drinking, industrial, agriculture, recreation or other purposes. It is necessary to assess the water quality correctly to afford timely information to the public for satisfying peoples needs of production and daily life.

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