scholarly journals The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of malignant bone neoplasms. Current state of an issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
A. I. Valeev ◽  
A. A. Malov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Bone Neoplasms ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Cortical Destruction

The review article is about clinical experience in the use of modern tomographic methods (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT)) in the diagnosis and assessment of the progression of malignant bone neoplasms, summarizing the results of the largest studies demonstrating the comparative characteristics of the methods. Numerous data demonstrate high sensitivity of MRI and form the following diagnostic tasks that can be solved by this method: the involvement degree of soft tissues in the pathological process, damage to the neurovascular bundle, the articular surface, assessment of the extent of tumor in the bone marrow canal. At the same time, CT shows a higher sensitivity in assessing cortical destruction and the degree of matrix mineralization. The article discusses the variety of program sequences and modes of MRI scanning, the prospects of the method in assessing the prevalence, staging, and differential diagnosis of bone tumors.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional anatomy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
Adams Hei Long Yuen ◽  
Cherry Tsz Ching Poon ◽  
Joon Oh Hwang ◽  
Chang Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractDue to their important phylogenetic position among extant vertebrates, sharks are an invaluable group in evolutionary developmental biology studies. A thorough understanding of shark anatomy is essential to facilitate these studies and documentation of this iconic taxon. With the increasing availability of cross-sectional imaging techniques, the complicated anatomy of both cartilaginous and soft tissues can be analyzed non-invasively, quickly, and accurately. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed anatomical description of the normal banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with cryosection images. Three banded houndsharks were scanned using a 64-detector row spiral CT scanner and a 3 T MRI scanner. All images were digitally stored and assessed using open-source Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software in the transverse, sagittal, and dorsal dimensions. The banded houndshark cadavers were then cryosectioned at approximately 1-cm intervals. Corresponding transverse cryosection images were chosen to identify the best anatomical correlations for transverse CT and MRI images. The resulting images provided excellent detail of the major anatomical structures of the banded houndshark. The illustrations in the present study could be considered as a useful reference for interpretation of normal and pathological imaging studies of sharks.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Disruption of the Posterior Tibial Tendon

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Alexander ◽  
Kenneth A. Johnson ◽  
Thomas H. Berquist
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
The Body ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a useful technique of studying soft tissues of the body, can be very effective in assessing the integrity of tendons. Usually a patient with a complete tear of the posterior tibial tendon has characteristic physical findings. In the patient presented, MRI demonstrated a complete disruption of the posterior tibial tendon, despite the absence of the commonly associated clinical findings. In view of the difficulties encountered with attempted tenography of the completely torn posterior tibial tendon, MRI provides a sensitive alternative diagnostic technique.

scholarly journals Role of magnetic resonance imaging in ankle sprains

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 438-445
Author(s):  
Nawroz Othman ◽  
Salwa AL-Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Results

Background and objective: Musculoskeletal injuries frequently occur in the ankle in both the athletic and general population. Ankle sprains are among the most frequent types of ankle injuries, which are conventionally diagnosed through clinical examinations. However, magnetic resonance imaging can provide a more precise diagnosis, leading to better injury management and prevention of consequent chronic complications. The present study aimed to examine the significance of magnetic resonance imaging in detecting and assessing changes that occur in ligaments and soft tissues in patients with ankle sprains. Methods: In a prospective study, 50 patients with ankle sprain referred to Rizgary and Erbil Teaching hospitals in Erbil city, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, from March 2018 to April 2019, were included in the study. They underwent clinical evaluation and MRI (GE general electric 1.5 Tesla). Two expert radiologists analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging images, and the results were compared. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 through descriptive statistics. Results: Most patients (64%) belonged to the age groups of 30-49 years old. Most of them (64%) were males. Most events of ankle sprain (66%) were because of sports and accidents. The clinical evaluation proved 82% of the ankle sprains. Regarding the laterality of the lesions, 60% were spotted in the right ankles and 40% in the left. According to magnetic resonance imaging results, both radiologists diagnosed that the ankle sprains included bone lesions, ligament injury, tendon injury, and effusion. There was an agreement of ≥ 96% between the two radiologists in this regard. The two radiologists were not significantly different in terms of diagnosing the ligament side. As reported by the radiologists based on the magnetic resonance imaging images, the anterior, lateral, and medial tendons were normal in most cases. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is a vitally important tool that can be utilized reliably and accurately to diagnose and evaluate changes in ligaments and soft tissues in patients with ankle sprains. Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Ankle sprain; Ligaments; Injuries.

scholarly journals Scleroderma-panniculitis: view of the rheumatologist

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
A. S. Potapova ◽  
O. N. Egorova ◽  
O. G. Alekseeva ◽  
A. V. Volkov ◽  
D. M. Kudinsky
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy

Difficulties in diagnosis and therapy of scleroderma-panniculitis (S-PN), one of the variants of the septal PN, are discussed. Feasibility of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging of soft tissues and histological examination of the lesions in order to set the diagnosis of PN in time is considered. The clinical case of S-PN combined with antiphospholipid syndrome is presented.

scholarly journals Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for Proton and Dual Proton/Fluorine MRI

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Şologan ◽  
Francesco Padelli ◽  
Isabella Giachetti ◽  
Domenico Aquino ◽  
Mariangela Boccalon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Gold Core ◽  
19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Gold nanoparticles carrying fluorinated ligands in their monolayer are, by themselves, contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging displaying high sensitivity because of the high density of fluorine nuclei achievable by grafting suitable ligands on the gold core surface. Functionalization of these nanoparticles with Gd(III) chelates allows adding a further functional activity to these systems, developing materials also acting as contrast agents for proton magnetic resonance imaging. These dual mode contrast agents may allow capitalizing on the benefits of 1H and 19F magnetic resonance imaging in a single diagnostic session. In this work, we describe a proof of principle of this approach by studying these nanoparticles in a high field preclinical scanner. The Gd(III) centers within the nanoparticles monolayer shorten considerably the 19F T1 of the ligands but, nevertheless, these systems display strong and sharp NMR signals which allow recording good quality 19F MRI phantom images at nanoparticle concentration of 20 mg/mL after proper adjustment of the imaging sequence. The Gd(III) centers also influence the T1 relaxation time of the water protons and high quality 1H MRI images could be obtained. Gold nanoparticles protected by hydrogenated ligands and decorated with Gd(III) chelates are reported for comparison as 1H MRI contrast agents.

Gadolinium-DTPA Enhancement of Experimental Soft Tissue Carcinoma and Hemorrhage in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pettersson ◽  
N. Ackerman ◽  
J. Kaude ◽  
R. E. Googe ◽  
A. A. Mancuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Gadolinium Dtpa ◽  
T1 Relaxation

An experimental series in the rabbit was performed to test gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhancement of VX-2 carcinoma and hemorrhages induced in the soft tissues. The recognition of both malignant and benign lesions was greatly facilitated on T1 weighted images after intravenous administration of 0.3 mmol Gd-DTPA/kg body weight because of reduced T1 relaxation times. Gd-DTPA enhancement reached its maximum after 10–15 minutes and was most apparent in tumor tissue, connective tissue surrounding the tumor and in the area of fresh hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Imaging of brain oxygenation with magnetic resonance imaging: A validation with positron emission tomography in the healthy and tumoural brain

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2584-2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Valable ◽  
Aurélien Corroyer-Dulmont ◽  
Ararat Chakhoyan ◽  
Lucile Durand ◽  
Jérôme Toutain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
C6 Glioma Cells ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Brain

The partial pressure in oxygen remains challenging to map in the brain. Two main strategies exist to obtain surrogate measures of tissue oxygenation: the tissue saturation studied by magnetic resonance imaging (StO2-MRI) and the identification of hypoxia by a positron emission tomography (PET) biomarker with 3-[18F]fluoro-1-(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-2-propanol ([18F]-FMISO) as the leading radiopharmaceutical. Nonetheless, a formal validation of StO2-MRI against FMISO-PET has not been performed. The objective of our studies was to compare the two approaches in (a) the normal rat brain when the rats were submitted to hypoxemia; (b) animals implanted with four tumour types differentiated by their oxygenation. Rats were submitted to normoxic and hypoxemic conditions. For the brain tumour experiments, U87-MG, U251-MG, 9L and C6 glioma cells were orthotopically inoculated in rats. For both experiments, StO2-MRI and [18F]-FMISO PET were performed sequentially. Under hypoxemia conditions, StO2-MRI revealed a decrease in oxygen saturation in the brain. Nonetheless, [18F]-FMISO PET, pimonidazole immunohistochemistry and molecular biology were insensitive to hypoxia. Within the context of tumours, StO2-MRI was able to detect hypoxia in the hypoxic models, mimicking [18F]-FMISO PET with high sensitivity/specificity. Altogether, our data clearly support that, in brain pathologies, StO2-MRI could be a robust and specific imaging biomarker to assess hypoxia.

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