scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Patients Co-Infected with TB/HIV During Tuberculosis Treatment at Conakry-Guinea UHC

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Mamadou Saliou Sow ◽  
Alioune Camara ◽  
Sidikiba Sidibé ◽  
Ibrahima Kaba ◽  
Nestor Niouma Leno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Favorable Result ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Body

Introduction: The aim was to assess weight gain during tuberculosis treatment in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV. Methods: Tuberculosis patients co-infected with HIV and undergoing tuberculosis treatment in the pneumophtisiology and infectious and tropical diseases departments of the CHU in Conakry were included. Results: 562 patients were included, with a mean age of 35.6±11.3 years, and 52.5% were women. The average Body Mass Index [BMI] at baseline was 17.8 3.3 kg/m2. 71.5% of patients had a favorable result and 28.5% had an unfavorable result [death, abandonment]. Healed and lost patients gained an average of 2.6 kg and 0.1 kg respectively. Deceased patients lost an average of 3.6 kg. The weight variations of the cured patients were different from those of the deceased [p < 0.001]. A weight gain of 5% after 6 months of treatment was associated with the treatment site [OR=3.81; 95% CI 1.08 to 13.45], alcohol consumption [OR=10.33; 95% CI 1.20 to 89.16], malnutrition before treatment [OR=2.72; 95% CI 1.43 to 5.17] and the form of tuberculosis [OR=3.27; 95% CI 1.15 to 9.33]. Conclusion: Newly diagnosed patients co-infected with TB-HIV at Conakry's CHU are often malnourished. Weight gain during treatment seems to be a reliable indicator of the overall response to treatment.

The PAP Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Practical Option for Slim Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taehee Jo ◽  
Dong Nyeok Jeon ◽  
Hyun Ho Han
Keyword(s):  
Donor Site ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Diep Flap ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Flap Reconstruction ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Artery Perforator ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Background The posterior thigh-based profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap has been an emerging option as a secondary choice in breast reconstructions. However, whether a PAP flap could consistently serve as the secondary option in slim patients has not been investigated. Methods Records of immediate unilateral breast reconstructions performed from May 2017 to June 2019 were reviewed. PAP flap breast reconstructions were compared with standard deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstructions, and were grouped into single or stacked PAP flaps for further analysis. Results Overall, 43 PAP flaps were performed to reconstruct 32 breasts. Eleven patients underwent stacked PAP flap reconstruction, while 17 patients underwent 21 single PAP flap reconstruction. The average body mass index (BMI) of the patients was 22.2 ± 0.5 kg/m2. The results were as follows: no total loss, one case of venous congestion (2.3%), two donor site wound dehiscence cases (4.7%), and one case of fat necrosis from partial flap loss (2.3%). When compared with 192 DIEP flap reconstructions, the final DIEP flap supplied 98.1 ± 1.7% of mastectomy weight, while the final PAP flap supplied 114.1 ± 6.2% of mastectomy weight (p < 0.005), demonstrating that PAP flaps can successfully supply final reconstruction volume. In a separate analysis, single PAP flaps successfully supplied 104.2% (84.2-144.4%) of mastectomy weights, while stacked PAP flaps supplied 103.7% (98.8-115.2%) of mastectomy weights. Conclusion In our series of PAP flap reconstructions performed in low-to-normal BMI patients, we found that PAP flaps, as single or stacked flaps, provide sufficient volume to reconstruct mastectomy defects.

scholarly journals Changes in Adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity among Children in Northeastern Japan: A Longitudinal Study before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Obesities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Hyunshik Kim ◽  
Jiameng Ma ◽  
Junghoon Kim ◽  
Daolin Xu ◽  
Sunkyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Northeastern Japan ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Community Health Programs ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Body

There are few studies comparing adherence to Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines (24-h MG) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and exploring the pandemic’s effect on childhood obesity. This survey-based 2-year study investigated changes in obesity and adherence to the 24-h MG in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected at two points in time: pre-COVID-19 (May 2019; T1; n = 247) and during-COVID-19 (May 2021; T2; n = 171). Participants were healthy elementary school children aged between 6–12 years in northeastern Japan. The questionnaire comprised items on physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, adherence to the 24-h MG, and anthropometric and demographic characteristics. Among all participants, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the average body mass index at T1 (M = 16.06 kg/m2, SD = 2.08 kg/m2) and T2 (M = 18.01 kg/m2, SD = 3.21 kg/m2) was observed, where 17.8% were overweight and obese at T1 and 24% at T2, and 10.9% adhered to all 24 h MG at T1 and 4.1% at T2. To prevent obesity in children during the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental changes should be evaluated and appropriate preventive measures taken, including pro-community health programs that encourage parent-children outdoor activities.

Low prevalence of type 2 diabetes despite a high average body mass index in the aymara natives from chile

Nutrition ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Santos ◽  
Francisco Pérez-Bravo ◽  
Elena Carrasco ◽  
Marcelo Calvillán ◽  
Cecilia Albala
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Average Body

scholarly journals Predicting the birth of a large fetus in obese women

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
I. V. Savelyeva ◽  
E. A. Bukharova ◽  
O. V. Shirokova ◽  
N. V. Nosova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Average Body

Purpose. To determine the risk of macrosomia in pregnant women as a function of body weight.Material and Methods. The study included 754 patients. All patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 262 obese patients with an average body mass index (BMI) of 33.1 (31.4; 35.9) kg/m2, aged 30 (27; 34) years. Group 2 comprised 260 overweight patients with an average body mass index of 27.5 (26.4; 28.7) kg/m2, aged 29 (25; 33) years. Group 3 (control) included 232 patients with normal body weight, BMI of 22.6 (21.0; 23.8) kg/m2, aged 28 (25; 31.5) years. Anthropometric data were assessed in all patients with the performance of general clinical and laboratory examinations.Results. Based on the results of logistic regression analysis for continuous variables, a prognostic model for the birth of a large fetus with a probability of up to 70.3% was constructed.

scholarly journals Cartilage Surgery in Overweight Patients: Clinical and MRI Results after the Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis Procedure

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Lahner ◽  
Christopher Ull ◽  
Marco Hagen ◽  
Christoph von Schulze Pellengahr ◽  
Kiriakos Daniilidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Lysholm Score ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Knee Cartilage ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Body

Modern orthopaedic surgery provides a variety of techniques for cartilage repair. The Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC) procedure is a single-step technique with a collagen I/III scaffold for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage lesions. The aim of the study was to analyze the outcome of the AMIC procedure in overweight patients with knee cartilage defects. Overweight patients treated with AMIC surgery were followed up by clinical and MRI examination. 9 patients with a cartilage defect of the knee with a mean lesion size of 2.1±1.2 cm2 and an average body mass index (BMI) of 29.3 were available for the follow-up. The Lysholm Score was significantly improved by the AMIC procedure (38 to 67, p≤0.008). The VAS Score was significantly lower after the procedure (9 to 3, p≤0.018). In the postoperative MOCART Scale, the scaffold reached defect covering of 80%. However, 2 patients had to be revised due to persisting knee pain. The AMIC procedure enhances pain reduction and gain of knee function for cartilage defects of overweight patients. However, in cases of an increased BMI, the patient had to be informed that success rate is reduced despite good defect covering.

scholarly journals Pudendal flap—a good option for creating neo-scrotum after Fournier’s gangrene: a case series

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawani Khanal ◽  
Sunit Agrawal ◽  
Roshan Gurung ◽  
Suresh Sah ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Skin Loss ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Defect ◽  
Protective Sensation ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Scrotal skin loss following Fournier’s gangrene is very distressing to the patients. The management is complex and challenging shown by the multiplicity of flaps and techniques described in the literature. We included a total of 14 patients with the diagnosis of Fournier’s gangrene over a period of 1 year in our department. We used a modified pudendal thigh flap to reconstruct neo-scrotum in patients with scrotal defects resulting from excision and debridement of Fournier’s gangrene. The average age group of the patients in our study was 41.8 years. The average body mass index in our study was 22.36 kg/m2. The average defect size in our study was 7.05 × 13.07 cm2. There was a single case of flap necrosis. Modified pudendal thigh flap produces a neo-scrotum that looks natural in appearance, provides good quality skin cover and cushion to the testes as well as protective sensation.

The Association Between Sexual Orientation, BMI, Obesity Diagnosis, and Provider Recommendation for Weight Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Wolfgang ◽  
Junko Takeshita ◽  
Robert Fitzsimmons ◽  
Carmen E. Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Background: National data show that lesbian and bisexual women are more likely to be overweight and obese compared to straight women. Little is known about whether provider recommendation for weight management varies across these populations. Objectives: To compare, among lesbian, bisexual, and straight females with BMIs≥30: 1) the average Body Mass Index (BMI); 2) receipt of a diagnostic code for obesity; and 3) receipt of a provider recommendation for weight management.Design: We performed a cross-sectional study of 536 patient records from four outpatient academic internal medicine practices at the University of Pennsylvania between January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 to determine variations in average BMI, proportion of ICD-10 codes for obesity, and proportion of weight management recommendations offered by providers among lesbian, bisexual and straight females with BMIs≥30. We classified provider recommendations as definite, possible, and absent. Multivariable linear (BMI outcome only) or logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between sexual orientation and each of the following outcomes: BMI, receipt of obesity diagnosis, and weight management recommendations.Patients: Lesbian, bisexual, and straight females with BMIs≥30Main Measures: 1) the average Body Mass Index (BMI); 2) receipt of a diagnostic code for obesity; and 3) receipt of a provider recommendation for weight management Key Results: There were no significant differences in BMI, receipt of obesity diagnoses, or weight management recommendations between lesbian, bisexual, and straight females with BMIs≥30. However, only about half the patients with BMIs≥30, regardless of sexual orientation, received a weight management recommendation as recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines.Conclusion: Disparities in BMI, receipt of obesity diagnoses, or receipt of weight management recommendations between sexual orientation minority and heterosexual females do not exist in this urban population. However, provider recommendation for weight management was suboptimal in all the groups.

Stenting of the Lateral Sinus in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension According to the Type of Stenosis

Neurosurgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Lenck ◽  
Fabrice Vallée ◽  
Marc-Antoine Labeyrie ◽  
Valérie Touitou ◽  
Jean-Pierre Saint-Maurice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Lateral Sinus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Average Body Mass Index ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sinus Stenosis ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Body

Abstract BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, stenting of lateral sinus stenosis has been used to treat idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Two types of stenoses have been identified: extrinsic and intrinsic. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the results of our use of this procedure to treat patients with extrinsic or intrinsic stenoses in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. METHODS: We retrospectively studied clinical, radiological, and manometric data from patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension who were treated at our institution between January 2009 and January 2015 by stenting of the lateral sinus. RESULTS: Data were studied from 19 women and 2 men. Average body mass index was 29 kg/m2, and the median age at stenting was 33 years. Patients with extrinsic stenoses were younger than those with intrinsic stenoses. Transstenotic gradients measured with patients under general anesthesia were lower than those measured with patients under local anesthesia. In all cases, stenting was effective for papilledema and pulsatile tinnitus. Seventeen patients reporting headaches found that they disappeared completely after stenting. Two complications without long-term effects were reported. CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the type of stenosis, stenting of lateral sinus stenoses is an effective treatment for intracranial hypertension symptoms. At our institution, this treatment has replaced draining of cerebrospinal fluid when treatment with acetazolamide has proved to be ineffective.

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