Climate Change Effects on Planktonic Bacterial Communities in the Ocean: From Structure and Function to Long-term and Large Scale Observations

Coastal wetlands such as salt marshes have been increasingly valued for their capacity to buffer global climate change effects, yet their long-term persistence is threatened by environmental changes. Whereas, previous studies largely focused on lateral erosion risk induced by stressors like sea level rise, it remains poorly understood of the response of lateral expansion to changing environments. Seedling establishment is a key process governing lateral marsh expansion as seen in many coastal regions such as Europe and East Asia. Here, we evaluate mechanistically the response of seed bank dynamics to changing physical disturbance at tidal flats, using the globally common coastal foundation plant, cordgrass as a model. We conducted a large-scale field study in an estuary in Northwest Europe, where seed bank dynamics of cordgrass in the tidal flats was determined and linked to in situ hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics. The results revealed that wave disturbance reduced the persistence of seeds on the surface, whereas amplified sediment disturbance lowered the persistence of both surface and buried seeds. Overall, this indicates that increasing storminess and associated sediment variability under climate change threatens seed bank persistence in tidal flats, and hence need urgently be incorporated into models for long-term bio-geomorphological development of vegetated coastal ecosystems. The knowledge gained here provides a basis for more accurate predictions on how climatically driven environmental changes may alter the fitness, resilience and persistence of coastal foundation plants, with significant implications for nature-based solutions with coastal vegetation to mitigate climate change effects.

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Shifts in the structure and function of wheat root-associated bacterial communities in response to long-term nitrogen addition in an agricultural ecosystem

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103852 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 103852

Author(s):

Miaochun Fan ◽

Jiajia Li ◽

Weiming Yan ◽

Hui Shi ◽

Zhouping Shangguan

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Nitrogen Addition ◽

Wheat Root ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Agricultural Ecosystem ◽

And Function

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Linking long-term changes in trophic structure and function of an intertidal macrobenthic system to eutrophication and climate change using ecological network analysis

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps11391 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 536 ◽

pp. 25-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

U Schückel ◽

I Kröncke ◽

D Baird

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Trophic Structure ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Ecological Network ◽

Ecological Network Analysis ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

And Function

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Plant hormones, plant growth regulators

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2014.29939 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 155 (26) ◽

pp. 1011-1018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

György Végvári ◽

Edina Vidéki

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Large Scale ◽

Essential Role ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Wide Sense ◽

Large Scale Integration ◽

Scale Integration ◽

And Function

Plants seem to be rather defenceless, they are unable to do motion, have no nervous system or immune system unlike animals. Besides this, plants do have hormones, though these substances are produced not in glands. In view of their complexity they lagged behind animals, however, plant organisms show large scale integration in their structure and function. In higher plants, such as in animals, the intercellular communication is fulfilled through chemical messengers. These specific compounds in plants are called phytohormones, or in a wide sense, bioregulators. Even a small quantity of these endogenous organic compounds are able to regulate the operation, growth and development of higher plants, and keep the connection between cells, tissues and synergy beween organs. Since they do not have nervous and immume systems, phytohormones play essential role in plants’ life. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(26), 1011–1018.

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Gill microbiome structure and function in the chemosymbiotic coastal lucinid Stewartia floridana

FEMS Microbiology Ecology ◽

10.1093/femsec/fiab042 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shen Jean Lim ◽

Brenton Davis ◽

Danielle Gill ◽

John Swetenburg ◽

Laurie C Anderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Seagrass Species ◽

Bare Sand ◽

And Function

Abstract Lucinid bivalves harbor environmentally acquired, chemosynthetic, gammaproteobacterial gill endosymbionts. Lucinid gill microbiomes, which may contain other gammaproteobacterial and/or spirochete taxa, remain under-sampled. To understand inter-host variability of the lucinid gill microbiome, specifically in the bacterial communities, we analyzed the microbiome content of Stewartia floridana collected from Florida. Sampled gills contained a monospecific gammaproteobacterial endosymbiont expressing lithoautotrophic, mixotrophic, diazotrophic, and C1 compound oxidation-related functions previously characterized in similar lucinid species. Another low-abundance Spirochaeta-like species in ∼72% of the sampled gills was most closely related to Spirochaeta-like species in another lucinid Phacoides pectinatus and formed a clade with known marine Spirochaeta symbionts. The spirochete expressed genes were involved in heterotrophy and the transport of sugars, amino acids, peptides, and other substrates. Few muscular and neurofilament genes from the host and none from the gammaproteobacterial and spirochete symbionts were differentially expressed among quadrats predominantly covered with seagrass species or 80% bare sand. Our results suggest that spirochetes are facultatively associated with S. floridana, with potential scavenging and nutrient cycling roles. Expressed stress- and defense-related functions in the host and symbionts also suggest species-species communications, which highlight the need for further study of the interactions among lucinid hosts, their microbiomes, and their environment.

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Application of a 1 km2 resolution model for climate change effects upon Benin and Nigeria vegetable agriculture

GEOMATICA ◽

10.1139/geomat-2019-0014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 93-106

Author(s):

Colin Minielly ◽

O. Clement Adebooye ◽

P.B. Irenikatche Akponikpe ◽

Durodoluwa J. Oyedele ◽

Dirk de Boer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Field Trials ◽

Development Planning ◽

Climate Modelling ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Amaranthus Cruentus ◽

Global Issues ◽

Climate Change Effects

Climate change and food security are complex global issues that require multidisciplinary approaches to resolve. A nexus exists between both issues, especially in developing countries, but little prior research has successfully bridged the divide. Existing resolutions to climate change and food security are expensive and resource demanding. Climate modelling is at the forefront of climate change literature and development planning, whereas agronomy research is leading food security plans. The Benin Republic and Nigeria have grown and developed in recent years but may not have all the tools required to implement and sustain long-term food security in the face of climate change. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and outputs of a new model that bridges climate change and food security. Data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Regional Assessment (IPCC AR5) were combined with a biodiversity database to develop the model to derive these outputs. The model was used to demonstrate what potential impacts climate change will have on the regional food security by incorporating agronomic data from four local underutilized indigenous vegetables (Amaranthus cruentus L., Solanum macrocarpon L., Telfairia occidentalis Hook f., and Ocimum gratissimum L.). The model shows that, by 2099, there is significant uncertainty within the optimal recommendations that originated from the MicroVeg project. This suggests that MicroVeg will not have long-term success for food security unless additional options (e.g., new field trials, shifts in vegetable grown) are considered, creating the need for need for more dissemination tools.

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