Show Me the Money: Cost-Benefit Analysis in the Work Environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Levenstein ◽  
Mary Lee Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Policy Making

During the last several decades, Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) has become a widely used technique in public policy-making. This review examines CBA from perspectives of both advocates and critics; it looks at its theory and practice, its purported advantages and shortcomings in application. It also proposes several ways in which the process can be made more accountable.

Cost-Benefit Analysis: Theory and Practice.

Economica ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (163) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Tony Flowerdew ◽  
Ajit K. Dasgupta ◽  
D. W. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Analysis Theory

The Role of the Discount Rate in Cost–Benefit Analysis Between Theory and Practice: A Comparative Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Felice Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

This study focuses on the role of the discount rate in cost–benefit analysis (CBA) of regulation, providing a systematic investigation into regulatory practice vis–à–vis the existing economic theories. In the first part, a quick survey of the main economic literature on the social discount rate (SDR) is presented. In the second part, the current institutional practice is investigated, firstly comparing the recommendations on discounting issued by institutional actors in the US (Office of Management Budget, Environmental Protection Agency) and the EU (Commission), and secondly examining the SDRs adopted in two samples of CBAs selected among Regulatory Impact Analyses of US EPA and Impact Assessments of EU Directorate–General for the Environment. A gap exists between economic theory and institutional practice in the selection of the SDR. Regulatory decisions which are based on CBA reflect the most workable economic literature on discounting rather than the most theoretically consistent one, thus yielding less reliable and less robust results. Scholars who aim at improving the quality of rule–making and at fostering the application of CBA in regulatory decisions should improve the “operational validity” of their research, thus providing practitioners with methods that are both consistent and workable.

scholarly journals Prioritized list of health services in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-371
Author(s):  
B. Larijani ◽  
O. Ameli ◽  
K. Alizadeh ◽  
S. R. Mirsharifi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Government

We aimed to provide a prioritized list of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and their appropriate classification based on a cost-benefit analysis. Functional benchmarking was used to select a rationing model. Teams of qualified specialists working in community hospitals scored procedures from CPTTM according to their cost and benefit elements. The prioritized list of services model of Oregon, United States of America was selected as the functional benchmark. In contrast to its benchmark, our country’s prioritized list of services is primarily designed to help the government in policy-making with the rationing of health care resources, especially for hospitals

A Conversation about the Work Environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sass
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Public Policy Making ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Safety Committees

The author looks at work environment matters from the perspective of public policy-making and the policy instruments used to deal with workplace health and safety: standard setting; joint health and safety committees; compliance, enforcement, and prosecution; workers' compensation as an economic incentive; and collective bargaining. While regarding all as necessary, the author considers them as separately and collectively, fundamentally flawed and therefore insufficient, because liberal public policy-making itself is problematic. He proposes an alternative way of thinking about this subject from the perspective of the “politics of meaning.”

scholarly journals Positional Analysis: A Multidimensional and Democracy-Oriented Approach to Decision-Making and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5555
Author(s):  
Peter Söderbaum
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Positional Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Definition Of

Essential principles of democracy are threatened in many parts of the world. In mainstream economics textbooks, reference to democracy is marginal or non-existent. At issue is if economics as a discipline can contribute to strengthen democracy in policy-making and decision situations more generally. In this essay, it is proposed that democracy becomes part of the definition of economics. While mainstream neoclassical cost–benefit analysis (CBA) is criticized as being technocratic, positional analysis (PA) connected with institutional ecological economics is advocated and presented with its essential elements. While a specific ideological orientation with emphasis on markets is built into CBA, PA represents an attempt to identify more than one ideological orientation or narrative as relevant among actors related to an issue. This is part of an attempt to carry out a many-sided analysis. If we wish to make the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) part of analysis, then multidimensional thinking is needed. PA is an attempt to avoid the “monetary reductionism” of CBA in favor of an analysis where monetary and non-monetary impacts (of different kinds) are separated and where, particularly on the non-monetary side, issues of inertia and irreversibility of impacts are observed.

scholarly journals Markets, Ethics, and Environment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Limits To Growth ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Biodiversity Offsets ◽  
Emission Rights ◽  
Environmental Limits

Is there a relation between the increasing extension of markets and market norms to previously non-market goods, and the growth of environmental problems? This chapter explores two competing answers: market-endorsing positions that argue that a source of environmental problems lies in the absence of markets in environmental goods and that the extension of markets or market modes of valuation to environmental goods offers the most effective way of protecting them; market-skeptical positions that deny that the extension of markets will protect environmental goods or more strongly that markets and increasing marketization are themselves a source of environmental problems. These positions offer distinct perspectives on market mimicking instruments in environmental policy making, such as cost-benefit analysis, and on the development of new markets, for example in emission rights and biodiversity offsets. The issues raised include questions about value commensurability, justice, epistemic limits to planning and markets, and environmental limits to growth.

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