scholarly journals The Impacts of the Perceived Transparency of Privacy Policies and Trust in Providers for Building Trust in Health Information Exchange: Empirical Study

10.2196/14050 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e14050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Willingness To Disclose ◽  
Trust Transfer

Background In the context of exchange technologies, such as health information exchange (HIE), existing technology acceptance theories should be expanded to consider not only the cognitive beliefs resulting in adoption behavior but also the affect provoked by the sharing nature of the technology. Objective We aimed to study HIE adoption using a trust-centered model. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, the technology adoption literature, and the trust transfer mechanism, we theoretically explained and empirically tested the impacts of the perceived transparency of privacy policy and trust in health care providers on cognitive and emotional trust in an HIE. Moreover, we analyzed the effects of cognitive and emotional trust on the intention to opt in to the HIE and willingness to disclose health information. Methods A Web-based survey was conducted using data from a sample of 493 individuals who were aware of the HIE through experiences with a (or multiple) provider(s) participating in an HIE network. Results Structural Equation Modeling analysis results provided empirical support for the proposed model. Our findings indicated that when patients trust in health care providers, and they are aware of HIE security measures, HIE sharing procedures, and privacy terms, they feel more in control, more assured, and less at risk. Moreover, trust in providers has a significant moderating effect on building trust in HIE efforts (P<.05). Results also showed that patient trust in HIE may take the forms of opt-in intentions to HIE and patients’ willingness to disclose health information that are exchanged through the HIE (P<.001). Conclusions The results of this research should be of interest to both academics and practitioners. The findings provide an in-depth dimension of the HIE privacy policy that should be addressed by the health care organizations to exchange personal health information in a secure and private manner. This study can contribute to trust transfer theory and enrich the literature on HIE efforts. Primary and secondary care providers can also identify how to leverage the benefit of patients’ trust and trust transfer process to promote HIE initiatives nationwide.

scholarly journals The Impacts of the Perceived Transparency of Privacy Policies and Trust in Providers for Building Trust in Health Information Exchange: Empirical Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Willingness To Disclose ◽  
Trust Transfer

BACKGROUND In the context of exchange technologies, such as health information exchange (HIE), existing technology acceptance theories should be expanded to consider not only the cognitive beliefs resulting in adoption behavior but also the affect provoked by the sharing nature of the technology. OBJECTIVE We aimed to study HIE adoption using a trust-centered model. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, the technology adoption literature, and the trust transfer mechanism, we theoretically explained and empirically tested the impacts of the perceived transparency of privacy policy and trust in health care providers on cognitive and emotional trust in an HIE. Moreover, we analyzed the effects of cognitive and emotional trust on the intention to opt in to the HIE and willingness to disclose health information. METHODS A Web-based survey was conducted using data from a sample of 493 individuals who were aware of the HIE through experiences with a (or multiple) provider(s) participating in an HIE network. RESULTS Structural Equation Modeling analysis results provided empirical support for the proposed model. Our findings indicated that when patients trust in health care providers, and they are aware of HIE security measures, HIE sharing procedures, and privacy terms, they feel more in control, more assured, and less at risk. Moreover, trust in providers has a significant moderating effect on building trust in HIE efforts (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.05). Results also showed that patient trust in HIE may take the forms of opt-in intentions to HIE and patients’ willingness to disclose health information that are exchanged through the HIE (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this research should be of interest to both academics and practitioners. The findings provide an in-depth dimension of the HIE privacy policy that should be addressed by the health care organizations to exchange personal health information in a secure and private manner. This study can contribute to trust transfer theory and enrich the literature on HIE efforts. Primary and secondary care providers can also identify how to leverage the benefit of patients’ trust and trust transfer process to promote HIE initiatives nationwide.

scholarly journals Identifying Barriers That Prevent the Usage of Health Information Exchange in Ohio

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Lengel ◽  
Elise M. L. Carpenter ◽  
Andrew G. Azzi ◽  
Kristen L. DiDonato
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Care Providers

Background: As clinical services expand in community pharmacies, access to patient information through a health information exchange (HIE) may be of increased benefit to patient care. Objectives: To identify perceptions and barriers to the use of HIE by high-performing clinical pharmacists within a grocery store chain and collect other health care provider perceptions of using HIE. Methods: Two web-based surveys consisting of multiple choice, select all that apply, and 5-point Likert-type scale questions were administered via email to Ohio pharmacists working in high clinical performing pharmacies and Ohio health care providers utilizing CliniSync, an Ohio-based HIE program. Outcomes measured included pharmacist perceptions of preparedness to participate in HIE, their relationship with patients and health care providers, and barriers to utilizing HIE. Provider outcomes included perceptions of relationships with patients, awareness of community pharmacy services, referral habits, and perceived benefit of a HIE. Results: Pharmacists tend to believe they have the skill (median 5, interquartile range [IQR] 1) and desire (median 5, IQR 1) to be a part of the HIE network. Pharmacists appear confident in their abilities to provide patient care as a part of HIE networks (median 4, IQR 1). While 66% of providers surveyed are aware of services provided by community pharmacists, 75% state that they do not refer patients to a pharmacy for those services. Conclusion: Implementing HIE into clinical pharmacy workflow and encouraging providers to use it to make patient health information available to pharmacists would provide additional information for pharmacists to review when providing clinical services in the community pharmacy setting, ultimately benefiting patient care.

Patients' Perceptions of Different Information Exchange Mechanisms: An Exploratory Study in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 162-178
Author(s):  
Pouyan Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Direct Exchange

Abstract Background Patients may seek health care services from various providers during treatment. These providers could serve in a network (affiliated) or practice separately (unaffiliated). Thus, using secure and reliable health information exchange (HIE) mechanisms would be critical to transfer sensitive personal health information (PHI) across distances. Studying patients' perceptions and opinions about exchange mechanisms could help health care providers build more complete HIEs' databases and develop robust privacy policies, consent processes, and patient education programs. Objectives Due to the exploratory nature of this study, we aim to shed more light on public perspectives (benefits, concerns, and risks) associated with the four data exchange practices in the health care sector. Methods In this study, we compared public perceptions and expectations regarding four common types of exchange mechanisms used in the United States (i.e., traditional, direct, query-based, patient-mediated exchange mechanisms). Traditional is an exchange through fax, paper mailing, or phone calls, direct is a provider-to-provider exchange, query-based is sharing patient data with a central repository, and patient-mediated is an exchange mechanism in which patients can access data and monitor sharing. Data were collected from 1,624 subjects using an online survey to examine the benefits, risks, and concerns associated with the four exchange mechanisms from patients' perspectives. Results Findings indicate that several concerns and risks such as privacy concerns, security risks, trust issues, and psychological risks are raised. Besides, multiple benefits such as access to complete information, communication improvement, timely and convenient information sharing, cost-saving, and medical error reduction are highlighted by respondents. Through consideration of all risks and benefits associated with the four exchange mechanisms, the direct HIE mechanism was selected by respondents as the most preferred mechanism of information exchange among providers. More than half of the respondents (56.18%) stated that overall they favored direct exchange over the other mechanisms. 42.70% of respondents expected to be more likely to share their PHI with health care providers who implemented and utilized a direct exchange mechanism. 43.26% of respondents believed that they would support health care providers to leverage a direct HIE mechanism for sharing their PHI with other providers. The results exhibit that individuals expect greater benefits and fewer adverse effects from direct HIE among health care providers. Overall, the general public sentiment is more in favor of direct data transfer. Our results highlight that greater public trust in exchange mechanisms is required, and information privacy and security risks must be addressed before the widespread implementation of such mechanisms. Conclusion This exploratory study's findings could be interesting for health care providers and HIE policymakers to analyze how consumers perceive the current exchange mechanisms, what concerns should be addressed, and how the exchange mechanisms could be modified to meet consumers' needs.

scholarly journals The economic benefits of health information exchange interoperability for Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sprivulis ◽  
Jan Walker ◽  
Douglas Johnston ◽  
Eric Pan ◽  
Julia Adler-Milstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Position ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Level 3

Objective: To estimate costs and benefits for Australia of implementing health information exchange interoperability among health care providers and other health care stakeholders. Design: A cost?benefit model considering four levels of interoperability (Level 1, paper based; Level 2, machine transportable; Level 3, machine readable; and Level 4, machine interpretable) was developed for Government-funded health services, then validated by expert review. Results: Roll-out costs for Level 3 and Level 4 interoperability were projected to be $21.5 billion and $14.2 billion, respectively, and steady-state costs, $1470 million and $933 million per annum, respectively. Level 3 interoperability would achieve steadystate savings of $1820 million, and Level 4 interoperability, $2990 million, comprising transactions of: laboratory $1180 million (39%); other providers, $893 million (30%); imaging centre, $680 million (23%); pharmacy, $213 million (7%) and public health, $27 million (1%). Net steady-state Level 4 benefits are projected to be $2050 million: $1710 million more than Level 3 benefits of $348 million, reflecting reduced interface costs for Level 4 interoperability due to standardisation of the semantic content of Level 4 messages. Conclusions: Benefits to both providers and society will accrue from the implementation of interoperability. Standards are needed for the semantic content of clinical messages, in addition to message exchange standards, for the full benefits of interoperability to be realised. An Australian Government policy position supporting such standards is recommended.

An International Perspective on Health Information Exchange: Adoption in OECD Countries With Different Health Care System Configurations

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Guerrazzi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Care Providers

The sharing of information among various care providers is becoming an essential feature of health care systems, and many countries are now adopting policies to foster health information exchange, defined as the electronic transfer of data or information among health care organizations involved in the delivery of care. Given the increasing adoption of this type of policy in several Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, it is important to compare experiences from different countries, because policy adoption in one country can be explained more comprehensively and coherently through comparison with similar policies adopted in other nations. To make a more meaningful cross-country comparison, this article identifies a taxonomy of health systems, and it analyzes institutional and resource-based factors related to health information exchange adoption and how they differ in three main types of health systems: the National Health Service, social health insurance, and private health insurance.

The Lower Saxony Bank of Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Plischke ◽  
B. Haarbrandt ◽  
M. Rochon ◽  
J. Schwartze ◽  
E. Tute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Integrating The Healthcare Enterprise ◽  
Patient Consent

SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of a Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on Health Record Banking.Background: Poor communication of health care information between health care providers (HCP) is still a major problem. One recent approach is the concept of Health Record Banking.Objectives: With this report we want to introduce the Lower Saxony Bank of Health (LSBH) to the international community. The main objective of this paper is to report and explain: 1) why this organization has been founded, 2) which basic principles have been set, 3) which services will be provided, 4) which type of organization has been chosen, and 5) which architectural framework has been selected.Methods: To report and discuss how we plan to achieve the intended objectives.Results: The LSBH was founded as an entrepreneurial company, regarding itself as a neutral third-party information broker. The bank does not store medical documents on its central servers but offers a document registry with links to documents stored at participating health care providers. Subject to valid patient consent, the LSBH grants access to these documents to authorized health care providers. To implement our services, we chose the established technical frameworks of the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) initiative using cross-enterprise document sharing (XDS).Conclusions: Different approaches to establish health information exchange (HIE) are in early stages and some have failed in the past. Health Record Banking can address major challenges described in the literature about HIE. The future will show if our provider-sponsored business model is sustainable. After reaching a stable network, we intend to add additional HCPs, e.g., care homes or ambulance services, to the network.

scholarly journals What Do People Affected by Cancer Think About Electronic Health Information Exchange? Results From the 2010 LIVESTRONG Electronic Health Information Exchange Survey and the 2008 Health Information National Trends Survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen B. Beckjord ◽  
Ruth Rechis ◽  
Stephanie Nutt ◽  
Lawrence Shulman ◽  
Bradford W. Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Electronic Health Information

Responses to a 2010 survey by LIVESTRONG showed that, compared with the general population, persons affected by cancer had greater enthusiasm for electronic information exchange between patients and health care providers. Especially valued were security and privacy of communication.

Eliciting nurses’ perspectives to improve health information exchange between hospital and home health care

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Sarzynski ◽  
Mark Ensberg ◽  
Amy Parkinson ◽  
Laurie Fitzpatrick ◽  
Laura Houdeshell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Home Health Care ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Improve Health

scholarly journals Bridging Organizational Divides in Health Care: An Ecological View of Health Information Exchange

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M Unertl ◽  
Kevin B Johnson ◽  
Cynthia S Gadd ◽  
Nancy M Lorenzi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Ecological View

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a New Security and Privacy Track in a Health Informatics Graduate Program: Multidisciplinary Collaboration in Education (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leming Zhou ◽  
Bambang Parmanto ◽  
James Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Mobile Health Apps

BACKGROUND The widespread application of technologies such as electronic health record systems, mobile health apps, and telemedicine platforms, has made it easy for health care providers to collect relevant data and deliver health care regimens. While efficacious, these new technologies also pose serious security and privacy challenges. OBJECTIVE The training program described here aims at preparing well-informed health information security and privacy professionals with enhanced course materials and various approaches. METHODS A new educational track has been built within a health informatics graduate program. Several existing graduate courses have been enhanced with new security and privacy modules. New labs and seminars have been created, and students are being encouraged to participate in research projects and obtain real-world experience from industry partners. Students in this track receive both theoretical education and hands-on practice. Evaluations have been performed on this new track by conducting multiple surveys on a sample of students. RESULTS We have succeeded in creating a new security track and developing a pertinent curriculum. The newly created security materials have been implemented in multiple courses. Our evaluation indicated that students (N=72) believed that receiving security and privacy training was important for health professionals, the provided security contents were interesting, and having the enhanced security and privacy training in this program was beneficial for their future career. CONCLUSIONS The security and privacy education for health information professionals in this new security track has been significantly enhanced.

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