scholarly journals Evaluation of a Serious Video Game to Facilitate Conversations About Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Preteens: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan R Cates ◽  
Bernard F Fuemmeler ◽  
Laurie L Stockton ◽  
Sandra J Diehl ◽  
Jamie L Crandell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

BACKGROUND In the United States, the most common sexually transmitted infection, human papillomavirus (HPV), causes genital warts and is associated with an estimated 33,700 newly diagnosed cancer cases annually. HPV vaccination, especially for preteens aged 11 to 12 years, is effective in preventing the acquisition of HPV and HPV-associated cancers. However, as of 2018, completion of the 2- or 3-dose HPV vaccination series increased only from 48.6% to 51.1% in teens aged 13 to 17 years, and this increase was observed only in boys. By comparison, 88.7% of teens had more than one dose of the recommended vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), and 85.1% of teens had more than one dose of meningococcal vaccine. Immunizations for Tdap, meningococcal disease, and HPV can occur at the same clinical visit but often do not. OBJECTIVE Vaccination against HPV is recommended for routine use in those aged 11 to 12 years in the United States, yet it is underutilized. We aimed to develop an educational video game to engage preteens in the decision to vaccinate. METHODS <i>Land of Secret Gardens</i> is a metaphor for protecting seedlings (body) with a potion (vaccine). We screened 131 dyads of parents and preteens from 18 primary practices in North Carolina who had not initiated HPV vaccination. We measured vaccination intentions, story immersion, and game play and documented HPV vaccination rates. A total of 55 dyads were enrolled, and we randomly assigned 28 (21 completed) to play the game and 27 (26 completed) to the comparison group. RESULTS In total, 18 preteens reported playing the game. The vaccination self-efficacy score was higher in the comparison group than the intervention group (1.65 vs 1.45; <i>P</i>=.05). The overall mean decisional balance score trended toward greater support of vaccination, although differences between the groups were not significant.. Vaccine initiation and completion rates were higher in the intervention group (22% vs 15%; <i>P</i>=.31) than in the comparison group (9% vs 2%; <i>P</i>=.10), although the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Video games help preteens in the decision to pursue HPV vaccination. A serious video game on HPV vaccination is acceptable to parents and preteens and can be played as intended. Gamification is effective in increasing preteen interest in HPV vaccination, as game features support decision making for HPV vaccination. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04627298; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04627298

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Serious Video Game to Facilitate Conversations About Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Preteens: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/16883 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e16883
Author(s):  
Joan R Cates ◽  
Bernard F Fuemmeler ◽  
Laurie L Stockton ◽  
Sandra J Diehl ◽  
Jamie L Crandell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

Background In the United States, the most common sexually transmitted infection, human papillomavirus (HPV), causes genital warts and is associated with an estimated 33,700 newly diagnosed cancer cases annually. HPV vaccination, especially for preteens aged 11 to 12 years, is effective in preventing the acquisition of HPV and HPV-associated cancers. However, as of 2018, completion of the 2- or 3-dose HPV vaccination series increased only from 48.6% to 51.1% in teens aged 13 to 17 years, and this increase was observed only in boys. By comparison, 88.7% of teens had more than one dose of the recommended vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), and 85.1% of teens had more than one dose of meningococcal vaccine. Immunizations for Tdap, meningococcal disease, and HPV can occur at the same clinical visit but often do not. Objective Vaccination against HPV is recommended for routine use in those aged 11 to 12 years in the United States, yet it is underutilized. We aimed to develop an educational video game to engage preteens in the decision to vaccinate. Methods Land of Secret Gardens is a metaphor for protecting seedlings (body) with a potion (vaccine). We screened 131 dyads of parents and preteens from 18 primary practices in North Carolina who had not initiated HPV vaccination. We measured vaccination intentions, story immersion, and game play and documented HPV vaccination rates. A total of 55 dyads were enrolled, and we randomly assigned 28 (21 completed) to play the game and 27 (26 completed) to the comparison group. Results In total, 18 preteens reported playing the game. The vaccination self-efficacy score was higher in the comparison group than the intervention group (1.65 vs 1.45; P=.05). The overall mean decisional balance score trended toward greater support of vaccination, although differences between the groups were not significant.. Vaccine initiation and completion rates were higher in the intervention group (22% vs 15%; P=.31) than in the comparison group (9% vs 2%; P=.10), although the difference was not significant. Conclusions Video games help preteens in the decision to pursue HPV vaccination. A serious video game on HPV vaccination is acceptable to parents and preteens and can be played as intended. Gamification is effective in increasing preteen interest in HPV vaccination, as game features support decision making for HPV vaccination. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04627298; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04627298

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Schedule: Adherence Among Commercially Insured Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2011–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390
Author(s):  
Demetria Hubbard ◽  
Sadeep Shrestha ◽  
Emily B. Levitan ◽  
Huifeng Yun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Schedule Adherence

Objectives. To determine rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine adherence to the 2011 and 2016 Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations in the United States. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using the 2011 to 2017 Marketscan data for beneficiaries aged 9 to 26 years who had at least 1 claim for HPV vaccination between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2017. According to the 2011 ACIP recommendation, adherence is defined as 30 to 90 days between the first and second vaccination and 168 to 212 days between the first and third vaccination. According to the 2016 recommendation, preadolescents are classified as adherent if they had 2 claims of vaccination within 168 to 212 days. We calculated proportions of completion and adherence by recommendation. Results. Among patients classified under the 2011 ACIP recommendation (n = 2 164 096), 8.3% completed all 3 doses of the vaccine series. Of those who completed, 69.6% were considered adherent to the recommended schedule. Completion and adherence increased to 9.6% and 70.8%, respectively, among patients who were classified under the 2016 ACIP recommendation. Conclusions. Simpler recommendations lead to better adherence to the HPV vaccination schedule.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Before 13 and 15 Years of Age: Analysis of National Immunization Survey Teen Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Bednarczyk ◽  
Mallory K Ellingson ◽  
Saad B Omer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
National Immunization Survey

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is suboptimally used in the United States. Vaccination before the 13th birthday is recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and vaccination before the 15th birthday requires only 2 doses. We estimated the proportion of adolescents up to date for HPV vaccine using provider-verified vaccination data from the 2016 National Immunization Survey-Teen. Only 16% of US adolescents completed HPV vaccination before turning 13, and 35% completed HPV vaccination before turning 15. With sexual activity initiation increasing throughout adolescence and higher immunogenicity for younger vaccinees, vaccination before the 13th birthday can provide better protection against HPV-related cancers.

Effect of a cervical cancer survivor story on willingness and behavioral change for Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Suzuki ◽  
Akiko Sukegawa ◽  
Yutaka Ueda ◽  
Masayuki Sekine ◽  
Takayuki Enomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Survivor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cervical Cancer Survivor

BACKGROUND Providing adequate information to parents who have children eligible for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is essential to overcoming vaccine hesitancy in Japan, where the government recommendation has been suspended. However, prior trials assessing the effect of brief educational tools showed only limited effects on increasing the willingness of parents to vaccinate their daughters. OBJECTIVE The aim of this trial was to assess the effect of a cervical cancer survivor story on the willingness of parents to get HPV vaccination for their daughters. METHODS In this double-blinded, randomized controlled trial implemented online, we enrolled 2175 participants aged 30–59 years in March 2020 via a webpage and provided them with a questionnaire related to the following aspects: awareness regarding HPV infection and HPV vaccination, and willingness for HPV vaccination. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to see a short film of cervical cancer survivor story or nothing, stratified by sex (male vs. female) and willingness to HPV vaccination prior to randomization (Yes vs. No). The primary endpoint was the rate of parents who agreed to HPV vaccination for their daughters. The secondary endpoint was the rate of parents who agreed to HPV vaccination for their daughters and the HPV vaccination rate at 3 months. RESULTS Among 2175 participants, 1266 (58.2%) were men and 909 (41.8%) were women. A total of 191 (8.8%) participants were willing to consider HPV vaccination prior to randomization. Only 339 (15.6%) participants were aware of the benefits of HPV vaccination. In contrast, 562 (25.8%) patients were aware of the adverse events of HPV vaccination. Although only 476 (21.9%) of the respondents displayed a willingness to vaccinate their daughters for HPV, there were 7.5% more respondents in the intervention group with this willingness immediately after watching the short movie (odds ratio [OR] 1.55, 95% CI 1.27-1.91). In a sub-analysis, the willingness to vaccinate daughters for HPV was 10.9% higher in males in the intervention group (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.36-2.25); however, such a difference was not observed among females (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.86-1.81). Male participants were more likely to have willingness for HPV vaccination compared to female participants. In the follow-up survey at 3 months, 1807 (83.1%) participants responded. Of these, 149 (8.2%) responded that they had had their daughters receive vaccination during the 3 months, even though we could not see the effect of the intervention; 77 (7.9%) in the intervention group and 72 (8.7%) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS A cervical cancer survivor story increases immediate willingness to consider HPV vaccination, but the effect does not last for 3 months. Furthermore, this narrative approach to parents did not increase vaccination rates in children eligible for HPV vaccination. CLINICALTRIAL UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000039273; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000043714.

scholarly journals Association of State Legislation of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination with Vaccine Uptake Among Adolescents in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
Nadja A. Vielot ◽  
Anne M. Butler ◽  
Justin G. Trogdon ◽  
Ramya Ramadas ◽  
Jennifer S. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
State Legislation
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