Getting Enough Sleep: On the Importance of Collecting Longitudinal Data from Wearables to Assess Sleep Quality and Seasonal Effects on Variability in Daily Activity (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Óskarsdóttir ◽  
Anna Sigridur Islind ◽  
Elias August ◽  
Erna Sif Arnardóttir ◽  
Francois Patou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Habits

BACKGROUND The method considered the gold standard for recording sleep is a polysomnography, where the measurement is performed in a hospital environment for 1-3 nights. This requires subjects to sleep with a device and several sensors attached to their face, scalp, and body, which is both cumbersome and expensive. For longer studies with actigraphy, 3-14 days of data collection is typically used for both clinical and research studies. OBJECTIVE The primary goal of this paper is to investigate if the aforementioned timespan is sufficient for data collection, when performing sleep measurements at home using wearable and non-wearable sensors. Specifically, whether 3-14 days of data collection sufficient to capture an individual’s sleep habits and fluctuations in sleep patterns in a reliable way for research purposes. Our secondary goals are to investigate whether there is a relationship between sleep quality, physical activity, and heart rate, and whether individuals who exhibit similar activity and sleep patterns in general and in relation to seasonality can be clustered together. METHODS Data on sleep, physical activity, and heart rate was collected over a period of 6 months from 54 individuals in Denmark aged 52-86 years. The Withings Aura sleep tracker (non-wearable) and Withings Steel HR smartwatch (wearable) were used. At the individual level, we investigated the consistency of various physical activities and sleep metrics over different time spans to illustrate how sensor data from self-trackers can be used to illuminate trends. RESULTS Significant variability in standard metrics of sleep quality was found between different periods throughout the study. We show specifically that in order to get more robust individual assessment of sleep and physical activity patterns through wearable and non-wearable devices, a longer evaluation period than 3-14 days is necessary. Additionally, we found seasonal patterns in sleep data related to changing of the clock for Daylight Saving Time (DST). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that over two months worth of self-tracking data is needed to provide a representative summary of daily activity and sleep patterns. By doing so, we challenge the current standard of 3-14 days for sleep quality assessment and call for rethinking standards when collecting data for research purposes. Seasonal patterns and DST clock change are also important aspects that need to be taken into consideration, and designed for, when choosing a period for collecting data. Furthermore, we suggest using consumer-grade self-trackers (wearable and non-wearable ones) to support longer term evaluations of sleep and physical activity for research purposes and, possibly, clinical ones in the future.

scholarly journals Objectively-Assessed Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Smartphone Use, and Sleep Patterns Pre- and during-COVID-19 Quarantine in Young Adults from Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Sañudo ◽  
Curtis Fennell ◽  
Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Objectively Measured

This study assessed the effects of COVID-19 home confinement on physical activity, sedentary behavior, smartphone use, and sleep patterns. Data was collected in a sample of 20 young adults (mean age ± SD: 22.6 ± 3.4 years; 55% males) over seven days pre- and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Objective and subjective physical activity (Accelerometer and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively), the number of hours sitting (IPAQ), objectively-measured smartphone use (smartphone screen time applications), and objective and subjective sleep (accelerometer and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively) were assessed. Results revealed significantly greater walking time and mean steps (p < 0.001, d = 1.223 to 1.605), and moderate and vigorous physical activity (p < 0.05, d = 0.568 to 0.616), in the pre- compared with the during-COVID-19 lockdown phase. Additionally, smartphone use (p = 0.009, d = 0.654), sitting time (p = 0.002, d = 1.120), and total sleep (p < 0.004, d = 0.666) were significantly greater in the during- compared with the pre-COVID-19 lockdown phase. Multiple regressions analyses showed associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior and sleep quality. The number of hours sitting per day and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity significantly predicted deep sleep (adj.R2 = 0.46). In conclusion, this study revealed that during the COVID-19 outbreak, behaviors changed, with participants spending less time engaging in physical activity, sitting more, spending more time using the smartphone, and sleeping more hours. These findings may be of importance to make recommendations, including lifestyle modifications during this time.

scholarly journals Sleeping Patterns of Thai Airways Flight Attendants during the Off-Duty Period Using a Photovoice Technique

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Laovoravit ◽  
Pongpirul ◽  
Manon ◽  
Thiptananont ◽  
Imsombut
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flight Attendants ◽  
Flight Attendant ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Sleep Difficulty ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Impaired Performance

A flight attendant has an irregular working schedule that requires to travel across different time zones, which affects their circadian rhythms and challenges the body to resynchronize with the local environment of the destination. Since human capabilities are considered critical factors that have an impact on safety in aviation, an accumulation of sleep debt over time can result in (1) impaired performance from fatigue and decreased alertness (2) increase the likelihood of forgetfulness, which can lead to the adverse in-flight operation safety. This study aimed to examine the sleep quality and to explore the sleep patterns of Thai Airways flight attendants. The PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), a subjective measure of sleep, was adopted to recruit flight attendants with sleep difficulty. Two male and two female flight attendants who had the highest PSQI scores at 18, 18, 16, 15 of the total score 21 were selected, whereas lower scores under 5 denote a healthier sleep quality. Besides, Fitbit, an external sleep tracker device, was worn on individuals’ wrist for seven nights. Fitbit application on their smartphone created seven photos of each flight attendant, of which some show unusual sleep patterns that might associate with their working lifestyle and sleep habits.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms, sleep patterns, and physical activity in adolescents with narcolepsy

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Parmar ◽  
E Ann Yeh ◽  
Daphne J Korczak ◽  
Shelly K Weiss ◽  
Zihang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Facility

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between depressive symptoms, sleep patterns (duration and quality), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and physical activity (PA) in adolescents with narcolepsy.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included adolescents (ages 10–18 years) with narcolepsy attending a tertiary care facility (The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada). Adolescents with narcolepsy completed questionnaires evaluating depressive symptoms (Children’s Depression Inventory-2nd edition [CDI-2]), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), EDS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and PA (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire). Wrist-based actigraphy was worn by adolescents for 1 week to measure total sleep time (over 24 hr) and sleep efficiency percentage.ResultsThirty adolescents with narcolepsy (mean age = 13.8 ± 2.2 years, 76.7% male) participated. In this cohort of adolescents with narcolepsy, 23.3% had CDI-2 total scores in the elevated range. Greater CDI-2 total scores were associated with poor sleep quality (ρ = 0.571; p = 0.02), EDS (ρ = 0.360; p = 0.05), and lower self-reported PA levels (ρ = −0.512; p < 0.01).ConclusionsAdolescents with narcolepsy report experiencing depressive symptoms, which are associated with poor sleep quality, EDS, and low PA levels. Strategies to improve nocturnal sleep quality and symptoms of EDS as well as promoting increased PA levels in adolescents with narcolepsy may provide an opportunity to improve depressive symptoms in this population. Multidisciplinary care with mental health and sleep specialists for adolescents with narcolepsy is needed.

scholarly journals Using Biometric Sensor Data to Monitor Cancer Patients During Radiotherapy: Protocol for the OncoWatch Feasibility Study

10.2196/26096 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e26096
Author(s):  
Cecilie Holländer-Mieritz ◽  
Ivan R Vogelius ◽  
Claus A Kristensen ◽  
Allan Green ◽  
Judith L Rindum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Biometric Data

Background Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience severe side effects during radiotherapy (RT). Ongoing technological advances in wearable biometric sensors allow for the collection of objective data (eg, physical activity and heart rate), which might, in the future, help detect and counter side effects before they become severe. A smartwatch such as the Apple Watch allows for objective data monitoring outside the hospital with minimal effort from the patient. To determine whether such tools can be implemented in the oncological setting, feasibility studies are needed. Objective This protocol describes the design of the OncoWatch 1.0 feasibility study that assesses the adherence of patients with HNC to an Apple Watch during RT. Methods A prospective, single-cohort trial will be conducted at the Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet (Copenhagen, Denmark). Patients aged ≥18 years intended for primary or postoperative curatively intended RT for HNC will be recruited. Consenting patients will be asked to wear an Apple Watch on the wrist during and until 2 weeks after RT. The study will include 10 patients. Data on adherence, data acquisition, and biometric data will be collected. Demographic data, objective toxicity scores, and hospitalizations will be documented. Results The primary outcome is to determine if it is feasible for the patients to wear a smartwatch continuously (minimum 12 hours/day) during RT. Furthermore, we will explore how the heart rate and physical activity change over the treatment course. Conclusions The study will assess the feasibility of using the Apple Watch for home monitoring of patients with HNC. Our findings may provide novel insights into the patient’s activity levels and variations in heart rate during the treatment course. The knowledge obtained from this study will be essential for further investigating how biometric data can be used as part of symptom monitoring for patients with HNC. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04613232; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04613232 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/26096

scholarly journals Using Biometric Sensor Data to Monitor Cancer Patients During Radiotherapy: Protocol for the OncoWatch Feasibility Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie Holländer-Mieritz ◽  
Ivan R Vogelius ◽  
Claus A Kristensen ◽  
Allan Green ◽  
Judith L Rindum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Biometric Data

BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience severe side effects during radiotherapy (RT). Ongoing technological advances in wearable biometric sensors allow for the collection of objective data (eg, physical activity and heart rate), which might, in the future, help detect and counter side effects before they become severe. A smartwatch such as the Apple Watch allows for objective data monitoring outside the hospital with minimal effort from the patient. To determine whether such tools can be implemented in the oncological setting, feasibility studies are needed. OBJECTIVE This protocol describes the design of the OncoWatch 1.0 feasibility study that assesses the adherence of patients with HNC to an Apple Watch during RT. METHODS A prospective, single-cohort trial will be conducted at the Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet (Copenhagen, Denmark). Patients aged ≥18 years intended for primary or postoperative curatively intended RT for HNC will be recruited. Consenting patients will be asked to wear an Apple Watch on the wrist during and until 2 weeks after RT. The study will include 10 patients. Data on adherence, data acquisition, and biometric data will be collected. Demographic data, objective toxicity scores, and hospitalizations will be documented. RESULTS The primary outcome is to determine if it is feasible for the patients to wear a smartwatch continuously (minimum 12 hours/day) during RT. Furthermore, we will explore how the heart rate and physical activity change over the treatment course. CONCLUSIONS The study will assess the feasibility of using the Apple Watch for home monitoring of patients with HNC. Our findings may provide novel insights into the patient’s activity levels and variations in heart rate during the treatment course. The knowledge obtained from this study will be essential for further investigating how biometric data can be used as part of symptom monitoring for patients with HNC. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04613232; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04613232 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/26096

Abstract P347: Association Between Sleep Patterns and the American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 Among Women

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Makarem ◽  
Marie-Pierre St-Onge ◽  
Ming Liao ◽  
Brooke Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Component Scores ◽  
Good Sleep

Introduction: The American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 (AHA LS7) is a measure of cardiovascular health that evaluates seven lifestyle behaviors and clinical risk factors to track the population’s progress towards the AHA 2020 strategic goals. Sleep is an emerging lifestyle risk factor for cardiovascular disease that is not currently included in the AHA LS7. Our aim was to assess the relation of sleep with the AHA LS7 within a diverse sample of women. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a longer sleep duration, good sleep quality, low risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and absence of insomnia and snoring would be associated with a higher global AHA LS7 score and its component scores, as measures of compliance to overall and individual AHA LS7 guidelines. Methods: Baseline data from the AHA Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network cohort at Columbia University Medical Center, an ongoing prospective study, were examined (n=323, >50% minority/Hispanic, mean age: 39y, range: 20-76y). Sleep was self-reported using validated questionnaires. A standardized scoring system was used to compute the global AHA LS7 score using criteria for smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Women received a score of 2 (optimal), 1 (average), or 0 (poor) based on their compliance with each AHA LS7 guideline. The seven component scores were summed to create the global AHA LS7 score. T-tests, Fischer’s exact test and multivariable-adjusted regression models were used to evaluate associations between sleep and the global AHA LS7 score and its components. Results: The median global AHA LS7 score was 10; 31.3%, 33.3% and 35.3% of women had a score of 0-8 (poor), 9-10 (average), and 11-14 (optimal), respectively. Participants with sleep duration ≥7 hours, lack of insomnia and snoring, and low risk for OSA were more likely to meet ≥4 of the AHA LS7 metrics (p≤0.04). Those with sleep duration ≥7 hours, good sleep quality, no insomnia and snoring, and at low risk of OSA were more likely to meet the AHA LS7 optimal guideline for physical activity, BMI, BP, glucose, and cholesterol (p≤0.04). In multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, a lower global AHA LS7 score was associated with a higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, indicative of poorer sleep quality (β=-0.08, p=0.019), higher insomnia severity index (β=-0.05, p=0.027), and higher risk for OSA (β=-0.84, p=0.016). Conclusions: In this cohort of women, better sleep habits were associated with meeting the AHA LS7 guidelines. Our results warrant confirmation in larger prospective studies and within other population groups, but nonetheless highlight the potential importance of screening for sleep habits in conjunction with other lifestyle behaviors to identify those at risk of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Sleep Quality, Sleep Patterns, Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages, and Khat Use among Ethiopian College Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seblewengel Lemma ◽  
Sheila V. Patel ◽  
Yared A. Tarekegn ◽  
Mahlet G. Tadesse ◽  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Khat Use

Objective. To evaluate sleep habits, sleep patterns, and sleep quality among Ethiopian college students; and to examine associations of poor sleep quality with consumption of caffeinated beverages and other stimulants.Methods. A total of 2,230 undergraduate students completed a self-administered comprehensive questionnaire which gathered information about sleep complaints, sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics,and theuse of caffeinated beverages and khat. We used multivariable logistic regression procedures to estimate odds ratios for the associations of poor sleep quality with sociodemographic and behavioral factors.Results. Overall 52.7% of students were classified as having poor sleep quality (51.8% among males and 56.9% among females). In adjusted multivariate analyses, caffeine consumption (OR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.25–1.92), cigarette smoking (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.06–2.63), and khat use (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.09–2.71) were all associated with increased odds of long-sleep latency (>30 minutes). Cigarette smoking (OR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.11–2.73) and khat consumption (OR=1.91; 95% CI: 1.22–3.00) were also significantly associated with poor sleep efficiency (<85%), as well as with increased use of sleep medicine.Conclusion. Findings from the present study demonstrate the high prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with stimulant use among college students. Preventive and educational programs for students should include modules that emphasize the importance of sleep and associated risk factors.

scholarly journals 0330 Sleep Hygiene in Preschoolers: Assessing Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Preschoolers’ Readiness to Learn

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A125-A126
Author(s):  
R Messnick ◽  
L Evert ◽  
B Dixon ◽  
C Everse ◽  
M Manthei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Readiness To Learn

Abstract Introduction Sleep is crucial during early development to promote health, education, growth, and quality of life. Insufficient sleep is a public health problem, and this is clearly true for young children. The National Institutes of Health reported that preschoolers need 11-12 hours of sleep daily. We hypothesized that more physically active children would experience better sleep quality which would be associated with higher scores on cognitive and socioemotional measures. We also hypothesized that increased parental awareness of their child’s sleep patterns would predict more successful sleep health indicators in their children, leading to positive impact on preschoolers’ readiness to learn. Methods 82 preschoolers (ages 3-5) completed memory tests, a sleep hygiene scale, and a socioemotional assessment. Following initial cognitive and socioemotional testing, Fitbit devices collected activity and sleep measures for 12 weeks. Additionally, parents recorded bedtimes, wake times, total sleep time, naps, and activity levels in daily sleep journals. We assessed the association between physical activity and sleep quality, bedtime, wake time, memory, sleep hygiene, and socioemotional measures. Results Physical activity was positively associated with better sleep habits, including earlier bedtimes, earlier wake times, more consistent sleep-wake patterns, socioemotional scores, and working memory capacity. Higher child and parent sleep hygiene scales were associated with more consistent bedtimes. On average, the 82 preschoolers tested fell short of the recommended 11-12 hours of sleep per night. Conclusion Greater child and parent awareness of practicing good sleep hygiene increased the likelihood for the child to practice better sleep habits. Since physical activity was positively associated with sleep health measures, it is critical that parents and teachers prioritize sleep and activity in young children. Results of this study provide greater knowledge regarding associations between sleep, physical activity, and biopsychosocial outcomes that may be useful in implementing better education for parents and children geared toward improving sleep. Support This research was generously supported by the Caplan Foundation for Early Childhood and the Hope College Psychology Department.

scholarly journals Weight Status, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity Level, and Sleep Behavior of Italian Junior High School Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Rosi ◽  
Francesca Giopp ◽  
Giulia Milioli ◽  
Gabriele Melegari ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Achievement Data ◽  
The Mediterranean

Inadequate diet, physical activity, and sleep-related behaviors are potential risk factors for overweight and obese, therefore we investigated the relations between body mass index (BMI) and behavioral factors in a sample of Italian adolescents. Four hundred nine Italian secondary school students (46% females, 12.5 ± 0.6 y.o.) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measures, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (KIDMED), physical activity level (PAQ-C), sleep duration, daytime sleepiness (PDSS), sleep quality, and school achievement data were collected through an online questionnaire. The percentage of overweight adolescents was slightly lower (14%) compared to the regional and the national figures. Approximately 88% of the sample reported a medium/high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and 77% a moderate/vigorous physical activity level. The average sleep duration was in line with the international sleep recommendation for adolescents and 82% had a medium/high sleep quality. No differences were found between genders except for BMI (lower in females). Unexpectedly, no differences were found among the BMI groups (normal weight vs. overweight vs. obese) for lifestyle variables; in contrast, Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with sleep habits. Further investigation is required to better explore the associations among behavioral variables involved in adolescents’ healthy development.

scholarly journals A multimodal analysis of physical activity, sleep, and work shift in nurses with wearable sensor data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Feng ◽  
Brandon M. Booth ◽  
Brooke Baldwin-Rodríguez ◽  
Felipe Osorno ◽  
Shrikanth Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Large Hospital ◽  
Circadian Misalignment

AbstractNight shift workers are often associated with circadian misalignment and physical discomfort, which may lead to burnout and decreased work performance. Moreover, the irregular work hours can lead to significant negative health outcomes such as poor eating habits, smoking, and being sedentary more often. This paper uses commercial wearable sensors to explore correlates and differences in the level of physical activity, sleep, and circadian misalignment indicators among day shift nurses and night shift nurses. We identify which self-reported assessments of affect, life satisfaction, and sleep quality, are associated with physiological and behavioral signals captured by wearable sensors. The results using data collected from 113 nurses in a large hospital setting, over a period of 10 weeks, indicate that night shift nurses are more sedentary, and report lower levels of life satisfaction than day-shift nurses. Moreover, night shift nurses report poorer sleep quality, which may be correlated with challenges in their attempts to fall asleep on off-days.

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