BOSWELLIA SERRATA ROXB. – A BIOACTIVE HERBS WITH VARIOUS PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Herbal medicine has become a medicinal as well as the economic aspect of global significance. While the use of these herbal medicines has increased, there are several questions about their consistency, protection, and effectiveness in different countries. Boswellic acid (BA) is one of the active constituents obtained from plant Boswellia serrata (BS) family Burseraceae. The oleoresin gum of the plant is also known as Salai guggul, Indian olibanum, or Indian frankincense. Boswellia species comprises a variety of phytochemical components, essential oil, BA such as keto-BA, beta-BA, or acetyl keto-BA. This variety of constituents isolated from the plant using various extraction processes such as hydrodistillation, percolation, and ultraviolet-assisted extraction or solvent extraction. The active constituent has different biological activities such as antidiuretic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, or antitumor activity. This review seeks to update information on plant BS with its medicinal uses, isolation process in the traditional or Indian system of medicine, and justify its use on modern scientific parameters.

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BOSCIA ALBITRUNCA: REVIEW OF ITS BOTANY, MEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i10.35337 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

ALFRED MAROYI

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Deficiency Syndrome ◽

Ethnoveterinary Medicine ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses

Boscia albitrunca is a medium-sized tree widely used as herbal medicine in Southern Africa. The current study critically reviewed the botany, medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of B. albitrunca. Literature on botany, medicinal uses, phytochemical, and biological activities of B. albitrunca was collected from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, PubMed, BMC, Science Direct, and Scopus. Complementary information was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as books, book chapters, theses, scientific reports, and journal articles obtained from the university library. This study revealed that the species is used as herbal medicine in 75.0% of the countries in Southern Africa where the species is indigenous. The bark, leaves, and roots of B. albitrunca are mainly used as herbal medicines for constipation, epilepsy, hemorrhoids, headache, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, skin diseases, syphilis, and as ethnoveterinary medicine. Ethnopharmacological research identified phenolic compounds, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and triterpernoids from leaves of B. albitrunca. The crude extracts of the species and the compound martynoside isolated from B. albitrunca exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activities. B. albitrunca should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities.

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Ethno-medicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacological importance of Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae): a useful medicinal plant of sub-Saharan Africa

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-021-00287-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi ◽

Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽

Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽

Temitayo Idris Subair ◽

David Oluwasegun Adepoju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Rainforest ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Intestinal Worms ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae) is a tropical rainforest tree commonly found in sub-Saharan region of Africa. It is a useful and very popular plant among the locals due to the outstanding anti-diabetic activity of the seeds. Methods A comprehensive literature search on articles published on phytochemical analysis and various pharmacological activities of Hunteria umbellate was carried out using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Results In this review, it was deduced that H. umbellate is employed in folk medicine as an elixir for obesity, fever, leprosy sores, menstrual pain, infertility, yaws, intestinal worms, abdominal discomfort and stomach ache. Due to their durability and immunity against termites, the stems are coveted and desired as timbers in the construction of houses, while the bark has been reportedly exported to Europe for medicinal uses. Pharmacological activities such as fertility enhancing, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, has been ascribed to the different morphological organs of H. umbellate. Moreover, compounds belonging to important classes of secondary metabolites with biological activities such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinic acids have been identified and characterized from the plant. Conclusion From this review, it can be inferred that, numerous and bioactive principles with known biological usefulness are present in the extracts of H. umbellate and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.

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Ethnopharmacology, pharmacological activities, and chemistry of the Hypericum genus

The Journal of Phytopharmacology ◽

10.31254/phyto.2021.10206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 105-113

Author(s):

Omambia Mokoro Vincent ◽

◽

Joseph Mwanzia Nguta ◽

Eric Simon Mitema ◽

Fredrick Mutie Musila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Microbial Infections ◽

Safety Studies ◽

Hypericum Species

There are over 500 species in the Hypericum genus worldwide. Crude extracts from Hypericum species have been reported in folkloric medicine as analgesics, anthelmintics, astringents, antidepressants, diuretics, and anti-inflammatories. The current review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of local uses, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical composition of different extracts generated from Hypericum species. The review data was collected via literature search from Google, Google Scholar, Medline, Pubmed, Mendeley, Science Direct, Chemical Abstracts, Web of Science, and Scopus. The most studied of the entire Hypericum genus is H. perforatum, approved to manage mild depression. Other species that have been reported to have ethnomedicinal value are H. erectum, H. monogynum, H. attenuatum, H. japonicum, H. beanii, H. monantheum, H. wightianum, H. scabrum, H. monogynum, H. monogynum, H. geminiflorum, H. ascyron, H. seniawinii, H. elodeoides, H. petiolulatum, H. wightianum, H. hengshanense, H. japonicum, and H. revolutum. Over 900 phytochemicals have been isolated from the Hypericum genus plant species, mostly phenolics, and terpenoids. Studies have been carried out to validate the ethnopharmacological use of extracts from Hypericum species against depression, cancer, inflammation, and microbial infections. There are limited safety studies involving medicinal plants from the Hypericum genus; however,further investigations on toxic effects, phytochemical composition, and biological activities are necessary to validate the medicinal uses of plant species of the Hypericum genus empirically. The present article reviews ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and toxicology of the Hypericum genus, which several communities have used to treat various conditions.

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HELICHRYSUM LONGIFOLIUM AND HELICHRYSUM PEDUNCULATUM: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEIR MEDICINAL USES, CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i7.33684 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 41-46

Author(s):

ALFRED MAROYI

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Additional Information ◽

Medicinal Use ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

History Of ◽

Cytotoxicity Activities ◽

The University

Helichrysum longifolium and Helichrysum pedunculatum have a long history of medicinal use, particularly managing wounds acquired during male circumcision rites in South Africa. There is a need to evaluate the existence of any correlation between the ethnomedicinal applications, the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the species. Therefore, in this review, analyses of the botanical, medicinal, and chemical and biological activities of H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum are presented as well as exploring the potential of the two species as important sources of health and pharmaceutical products. Information on the botany, medicinal uses, and phytochemistry and biological activities of H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum was assembled from several internet sources which included Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder, and BMC. Additional information was sourced from journal articles, scientific reports, theses, books, and book chapters obtained from the University library. This study showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, linoleic acid, oleic acid, phenol, proanthocyanidin, saponins, and tannins have been identified from the leaves of H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum. The pharmacological research showed that H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum extracts and compounds isolated from the species have antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiprotozoal, and cytotoxicity activities. For local communities to use H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum extracts with confidence as herbal medicines, there is a need for extensive phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Further research is required to establish the safety profiles of different H. longifolium and H. pedunculatum preparations.

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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030872 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 872 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽

Amany Magdy Beshbishy ◽

Lamiaa G. Wasef ◽

Yaser H. A. Elewa ◽

Ahmed A. Al-Sagan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Sativum ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Herbaceous Plant ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Traditional Remedy

Medicinal plants have been used from ancient times for human healthcare as in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herbaceous plant that is consumed worldwide as food and traditional remedy for various diseases. It has been reported to possess several biological properties including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihypertensive activities in traditional medicines. A. sativum is rich in several sulfur-containing phytoconstituents such as alliin, allicin, ajoenes, vinyldithiins, and flavonoids such as quercetin. Extracts and isolated compounds of A. sativum have been evaluated for various biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others. This review examines the phytochemical composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of A. sativum extracts as well as its main active constituent, allicin.

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Health Benefits of Furanocoumarins ‘Psoralidin’ An Active Phytochemical of Psoralea corylifolia: The Present, Past and Future Scenario

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407214666180511153438 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 369-376

Author(s):

Kanika Patel ◽

Vikas Kumar ◽

Amita Verma ◽

Mahfoozur Rahman ◽

Dinesh Kumar Patel

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Present Review ◽

Psoralea Corylifolia ◽

Antitumor Activities ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Discussion Section ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Analytical Tools

Background: Phytoconstituents of fruits, vegetables, spice and herbs are important for human health. Phytoconstituents play an important role in the growth, development, defensive mechanism, colors, odour and flavors of plants. Psoralea corylifolia Linn (P. corylifolia) commonly known as ‘Bakuchi’ belongs to Leguminosae family widely distributed in China and Southeastern Asian countries. Methods: Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were searched to collect the data of the present review. Further, all the collected information was categorized into different section as per the aim of the paper. Moreover, analyzed data were also presented in the graphical abstract. Results: Seventy-two research and review papers have been collected and were included in the present review. Nineteen papers contained general information’s of P. corylifolia, Psoralens and psoralidin whereas thirty paper data were presented in the pharmacological activities sections and remaining in the Analytical tools and discussion section. From these databases, we can say that P. corylifolia possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, antiflarial, estrogenic, antitumour, and immunomodulatory activities. Psoralens are mainly used in the treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo and dermatitis. Topical or oral psoralens followed by UVA radiation exposure are one of the best treatments of leucoderma. Psoralidin exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. Conclusion: This review summarizes an overview of P. corylifolia, psoralen and its derivative psoralidin with respects to their pharmacological activities, medicinal uses, biological activities and bioanalytical aspects. These data will be helpful in the translation of information from traditional to the modern medicine of psoralidin.

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An Update on Pharmacological Potential of Boswellic Acids against Chronic Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20174101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 4101 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Nand Kishor Roy ◽

Dey Parama ◽

Kishore Banik ◽

Devivasha Bordoloi ◽

Amrita Khwairakpam Devi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Boswellic Acid ◽

Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽

Boswellia Serrata ◽

Wide Range ◽

Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Pharmacological Potential ◽

Significant Attention

Natural compounds, in recent years, have attracted significant attention for their use in the prevention and treatment of diverse chronic diseases as they are devoid of major toxicities. Boswellic acid (BA), a series of pentacyclic triterpene molecules, is isolated from the gum resin of Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri. It proved to be one such agent that has exhibited efficacy against various chronic diseases like arthritis, diabetes, asthma, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, etc. The molecular targets attributed to its wide range of biological activities include transcription factors, kinases, enzymes, receptors, growth factors, etc. The present review is an attempt to demonstrate the diverse pharmacological uses of BA, along with its underlying molecular mechanism of action against different ailments. Further, this review also discusses the roadblocks associated with the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of this promising compound and strategies to overcome those limitations for developing it as an effective drug for the clinical management of chronic diseases.

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Genus Parkia: Phytochemical, Medicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Properties

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 618

Author(s):

Mohammed S. M. Saleh ◽

Juriyati Jalil ◽

Satirah Zainalabidin ◽

Ahmad Yusof Asmadi ◽

Nor Hidayah Mustafa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Common Species ◽

Current Status ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Future Studies ◽

Comprehensive Information ◽

Medicinal Use ◽

Pure Compounds ◽

Phytochemical Components

The genus Parkia (Fabaceae, Subfamily, Mimosoideae) comprises about 34 species of mostly evergreen trees widely distributed across neotropics, Asia, and Africa. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of the species from the genus Parkia in terms of its relationship between its phytochemistry and medical uses. Comprehensive information on Parkia species was retrieved from electronic databases, which were Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This review identified nine species from genus Parkia with properties of medicinal use. They are used traditionally to treat several ailments, such as diabetes, diarrhea, wounds, hypertension, cough, chronic piles, conjunctivitis, and measles. The most common species studied are P. biglobosa, P. speciosa, P. javanica, P. bicolor, P. biglandulosa, P. filicoidea, and P. clappertoniana. A considerable number of secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids (aglycone and glycosides), and numerous volatile compounds have been identified in this genus, which are responsible for their diverse pharmacological activities. Their extracts, pure compounds and seed lectins have been reported for their anticancer, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antiulcer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, and antidiarrheal activities. The information gathered in this review might be of help for future studies in terms of the current knowledge on the link between the phytochemical components and medicinal uses. This could facilitate more discoveries on its potentials particularly in the pharmacological characteristics and potential to be developed into modern medicines.

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Phytosterols: Potential Metabolic Modulators in Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222212255 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (22) ◽

pp. 12255

Author(s):

Niti Sharma ◽

Mario A. Tan ◽

Seong Soo A. An

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Plant Species ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Isolated Structures ◽

Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Phytosterols constitute a class of natural products that are an important component of diet and have vast applications in foods, cosmetics, and herbal medicines. With many and diverse isolated structures in nature, they exhibit a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities. Among over 200 types of phytosterols, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were ubiquitous in many plant species, exhibiting important aspects of activities related to neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, this mini-review presented an overview of the reported studies on selected phytosterols related to neurodegenerative diseases. It covered the major phytosterols based on biosynthetic considerations, including other phytosterols with significant in vitro and in vivo biological activities.

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Anticancer Activity of Acetogenins from Annona Muricata Fruit

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v17i3.236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Djabir Daddiouaissa ◽

Azura Amid

Keyword(s):

Anticancer Agents ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Annona Muricata ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Cancer Types

Medicinal plants become very important in our days for their therapeutic benefits to humankind. It sustains human health, and it is commonly known as herbal medicines since ancient times. Annona muricata is a heart-shaped fruit that is consumed raw or as the fruit juice in the tropical area. A. muricata is used in traditional and alternative medicine to treat different ailments such as diabetes, hypertension, respiratory and skin illness, inflammation and cancer. A. muricata contains essential anticancer agents named acetogenins that play the significant role in various cancer types. Acetogenins are strong nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase inhibitors of the cancer cell's mitochondrial membrane but showed neurotoxic effects in rats. Therefore, acetogenins need to be further investigated to determine the exact mechanisms of action, long-term safety, optimal dosage, and potential side effects. Given the extensive studies on A. muricata, this review focuses on the phytochemistry, medicinal uses, biological activities and the mechanisms of action for the fruit extracts and acetogenins, to stimulate further studies on the fruit pulp used for human consumption.

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