scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SECANG EXTRACT (CAESALPINIA SAPPAN LINN) ON THE WEIGHT AND HISTOLOGY APPEARANCE OF WHITE MALE RATS’ HEARTS INDUCED BY ISOPROTERENOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Kristiana Nugraheni ◽  
Fadlina Chany Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
White Male ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Heart Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the cardioprotective effect of secang extract on the heart cells of rats who suffered from myocardialinfarction induced by isoproterenol.Materials and Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Normal control, negative control, control extract (200 mg/kg), and threedifferent dose extract groups (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight) that were given treatment for 30 days, and then, induced with isoproterenol.Observations were made for changes in the macroscopic appearance, cardiac weight, and histology of the cardiac organ.Results: The results showed a decrease in the incidence of myocardial infarction in rats given secang extract. The infarction area decreased withincreasing doses of extract. The weight of the heart in the control extract group was smaller than in the negative control group.Conclusions: Damage to heart cells, seen in the microscope, decreased with increasing doses.

scholarly journals 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Enhances Cue-Conditioned Alcohol Reinstatement in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Hogarth ◽  
Elvan Djouma ◽  
Maarten van den Buuse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Progressive Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a detrimental disease that develops through chronic ethanol exposure. Reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression has been associated with AUD and alcohol addiction, however the effects of activation of BDNF signalling in the brain on voluntary alcohol intake reinstatement and relapse are unknown. We therefore trained male and female Sprague Dawley rats in operant chambers to self-administer a 10% ethanol solution. Following baseline acquisition and progressive ratio (PR) analysis, rats were split into drug and vehicle groups during alcohol lever extinction. The animals received two weeks of daily IP injection of either the BDNF receptor, TrkB, agonist, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), or vehicle. During acquisition of alcohol self-administration, males had significantly higher absolute numbers of alcohol-paired lever presses and a higher PR breakpoint. However, after adjusting for body weight, the amount of ethanol was not different between the sexes and the PR breakpoint was higher in females than males. Following extinction, alcohol-primed reinstatement in male rats was not altered by pretreatment with 7,8-DHF when adjusted for body weight. In contrast, in female rats, the weight-adjusted potential amount of ethanol, but not absolute numbers of active lever presses, was significantly enhanced by 7,8-DHF treatment during reinstatement. Analysis of spontaneous locomotor activity in automated photocell cages suggested that the effect of 7,8-DHF was not associated with hyperactivity. These results suggest that stimulation of the TrkB receptor may contribute to reward craving and relapse in AUD, particularly in females.

scholarly journals Skeletal effect of casein and whey protein intake during catch-up growth in young male Sprague–Dawley rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majdi Masarwi ◽  
Yankel Gabet ◽  
Oleg Dolkart ◽  
Tamar Brosh ◽  
Raanan Shamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Catch Up

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine whether the type of protein ingested influences the efficiency of catch-up (CU) growth and bone quality in fast-growing male rats. Young male Sprague–Dawley rats were either fed ad libitum (controls) or subjected to 36 d of 40 % food restriction followed by 24 or 40 d of re-feeding with either standard rat chow or iso-energetic, iso-protein diets containing milk proteins – casein or whey. In terms of body weight, CU growth was incomplete in all study groups. Despite their similar food consumption, casein-re-fed rats had a significantly higher body weight and longer humerus than whey-re-fed rats in the long term. The height of the epiphyseal growth plate (EGP) in both casein and whey groups was greater than that of rats re-fed normal chow. Microcomputed tomography yielded significant differences in bone microstructure between the casein and whey groups, with the casein-re-fed animals having greater cortical thickness in both the short and long term in addition to a higher trabecular bone fraction in the short term, although this difference disappeared in the long term. Mechanical testing confirmed the greater bone strength in rats re-fed casein. Bone quality during CU growth significantly depends on the type of protein ingested. The higher EGP in the casein- and whey-re-fed rats suggests a better growth potential with milk-based diets. These results suggest that whey may lead to slower bone growth with reduced weight gain and, as such, may serve to circumvent long-term complications of CU growth.

scholarly journals The Hepatoprotective Effects of Basil Leaf (Ocimum sanctum L.) Extract on Paracetamol Induced Liver Damage in Male Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-450
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Panggabean ◽  
Nofita ◽  
Ade Maria Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Basil leaf have antioxidants such as flavonoids, so it is thought to have a hepatoprotective effect. This study aims to investigate the effect of basil leaf extract on SGOT and SGPT levels in male rats induced by paracetamol. Basil leaf extract was carried out by the percolation method using ethyl acetate solvent, Some 20 male sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Basil leaf extract (400 mg/kgBB and 600 mg/kgBB) and sylimarin (100 mg/kgBB) were carried out every day for 28 days, paracetamol was induced 24 hours after giving the last day of basil leaf extract. The parameters measured were SGOT and SGPT level to assess the effect of basil leaf extract on liver damage caused by paracetamol. The results showed that basil leaf extract (400 mg/kgBB dan 600 mg/kgBB) showed that the activities of SGOT and SGPT levels were statistically significant (p<0,05) to negative control. Basil leaf extract shows the effect of hepatoprotector on liver induced by paracetamol, however the effect given was not able to equate with positive control.

scholarly journals Dietary Exposure to Oxidized Frying Oil from Fetus to Adulthood Suppresses Male Reproductive Development by Altering Testicular Cholesterol and Testosterone Homeostasis in Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (7) ◽  
pp. 1713-1721
Author(s):  
Hai-Ping Wu ◽  
Yu-Shun Lin ◽  
Chi-Fen Chang ◽  
Shui-Yuan Lu ◽  
Pei-Min Chao
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACT Background Dietary frying oil may have endocrine-disrupting effects, as a feminization effect was observed in cohorts of C57BL/6J male mice fetuses from dams consuming oxidized frying oil (OFO) during pregnancy. Objective The aim of present study was to test the hypothesis that OFO is an anti-androgen. Methods In experiment 1, male progeny of Sprague Dawley female rats fed fresh oil or an OFO diet (10 g fat/100 g, from fresh or 24-h–fried soybean oil; [control diet (C) and OFO groups, respectively] from midgestation through lactation were studied. Pups were weaned at 3 wk of age and then consumed their mothers’ diet until 9 wk of age. In addition, a group of dams and pups that consumed a high-fat diet (HF; 10 g fried and 20 g fresh soybean oil/100 g) was included to counteract body-weight loss associated with OFO ingestion. Indices of male reproductive development and testosterone homeostasis were measured. In experiment 2, male rats were allocated to C and OFO groups (treated as above) and indices of male fertility compared at 9–10 wk of age. Results In experiment 1, final body weights of the HF group were lower (17%) than the C group but higher (14%) than the OFO group (P &lt; 0.0001 for each). In addition to abnormalities in seminiferous tubules, HF and OFO groups did not differ from one another, but, compared with the C group, had delayed preputial separation (4.9 d) and reductions in serum testosterone concentrations (17–74%), anogenital distance (8–20%), weights of androgen-dependent tissues (8–30%), testicular testosterone and cholesterol concentrations (30–40%), and mRNA levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis and cholesterol homeostasis (30–70%). In experiment 2, OFO-exposed males had 20% lower sperm motility (P &lt; 0.05); however, when mated to normal females, pregnancy rates and litter sizes did not differ between OFO and C groups. Conclusions The anti-androgenic effect of OFO in Sprague Dawley rats was attributed to decreased testicular concentrations of cholesterol (testosterone precursor) and not body-weight loss.

Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Thiodiglycol in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Angerhofer ◽  
Mark W. Michie ◽  
Glenn J. Leach ◽  
Mark S. Johnson ◽  
Gunda Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Individual ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Thiodiglycol (TDG) is the main product of sulfur mustard hydrolysis and is an environmental contaminant. Subacute and subchronic oral toxicity studies with TDG were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Neat TDG was administered by gavage at doses of 157, 313, 625, 1250, 2500, 5000, and 9999 mg/kg/d, 5 days per week, for 14 days. In the 14-day study, decreased body weight and food consumption were observed at 5000 mg/kg/d. In the 90-day study, rats received neat TDG at doses of 50, 500, or 5000 mg/kg/d for 5 days per week. A fourth group served as a sham control. Individual body weight and food consumption were measured weekly. At termination of the experiment, urine, blood, and tissue samples were collected. Rats displayed significant decreased body weight with no effect on food consumption following administration of TDG at 5000 mg/kg/d. Both male and female rats showed significant increased kidney weights at 5000 mg/kg/d. The organ to body weight ratios increased significantly for liver, kidneys, testes, and brain in males and adrenals in females for 5000 mg/kg/d. At all doses of TDG, hematological and clinical parameters and tissue histopathology remained unaltered. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for oral subchronic toxicity was 500 mg/kg/d. Benchmark dose (BMD) was derived from the decreased gain in body weight that was seen in male rats. A BMD based on a 10% decrease in body weight was 1704 mg/kg/d, and the lower confidence limit on the dose BMD, the BMDL, was 372 mg/kg/d.

Ratio Kadar Ldl/Hdl Tikus Putih Sprague Dawley Hiperlipidemia Setelah Diberi Cangkang Udang Laut (Penaeus monodon F.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Sri Isdadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study was to analyze the ratio of LDL/HDL level of Sprague Dawley rats induced by high fat ration after given of sea shrimp carapace (Penaeus monodon F.). The animals for this study were twenty adult male rats divided into four groups, i.e. group I as the control was fed with basal ration containing normal fat for 3 months, group II was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months, group III was fed ration containing high fat and given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 3 months, group IV was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months and after 1 month given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 2 months. Each group consisted of five animals. After 90 days, the rats were necropsied and the blood were collected to analyzes ratio of LDL/HDL level. LDL level and HDL level were measured using colorimetric enzymatic method and Roche/Hitachi cobas c systems automatically calculate.  The difference between treatments was statistical analysis by Anava, and continued by Lowest Significant Difference Test to locate the difference. The result showed that high fat diet increased ratio of LDL/HDL level and Sea shrimp carapace decreased ratio of LDL/HDL level.   Keywords: Sea shrimp carapace, Sprague Dawley rats, ratio of LDL/HDL level

scholarly journals Red Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Petal Brew is Able to Reduce the Sprague Dawley MDA Rate in Rats Exposed to Waste Cooking Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Arya Ulilalbab ◽  
Eni Maskanah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Food and snacks sold are usually fried using oil that has been used for frying repeatedly. Oil that is repeatedly used for frying is often called waste cooking oil. Waste cooking oil is a source of exogenous free radicals that can trigger oxidative stress. To prevent this, sufficient antioxidant intake is needed. One source of antioxidants is red rosella. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of giving red rosella petals on the conditions of oxidative stress in Sprague dawley rats exposed to waste cooking oil through MDA testing. The research method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The sample consisted of 24 male rats which were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups: negative control (no treatment), positive control (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW), treatment 1 (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW and red rosella petal brew dosed of 540 mg/kgBW, and treatment 2 (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW and red rosella petals brew dosed of 810 mg/kgBW). The results of the one way ANOVA analysis (a=1%) and the Tukey HSD test showed the p value of MDA=0.00, indicating that all treatments had significant effect. In further tests, it was found that all treatments contained differences in MDA values. The best value in the treatment was by giving a dose of 810 mg/kgBW (serum MDA of 2.22 nmol/ml). It can be concluded that the administration of red rosella petal in doses of 540 mg/kgBW (EC50=407.52 ppm) and 810 mg/kgBW (EC50=247.82 ppm) can improve the oxidative stress of Sprague dawley rats.Food and snacks sold are usually fried using oil that has been used for frying repeatedly. Oil that is repeatedly used for frying is often called waste cooking oil. Waste cooking oil is a source of exogenous free radicals that can trigger oxidative stress. To prevent this, sufficient antioxidant intake is needed. One source of antioxidants is red rosella. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of giving red rosella petals on the conditions of oxidative stress in Sprague dawley rats exposed to waste cooking oil through MDA testing. The research method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The sample consisted of 24 male rats which were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups: negative control (no treatment), positive control (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW), treatment 1 (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW and red rosella petal brew dosed of 540 mg/kgBW, and treatment 2 (administered with waste cooking oil of 8.92 meq/kg as much as 2 ml/kgBW and red rosella petals brew dosed of 810 mg/kgBW). The results of the one way ANOVA analysis (a=1%) and the Tukey HSD test showed the p value of MDA=0.00, indicating that all treatments had significant effect. In further tests, it was found that all treatments contained differences in MDA values. The best value in the treatment was by giving a dose of 810 mg/kgBW (serum MDA of 2.22 nmol/ml). It can be concluded that the administration of red rosella petal in doses of 540 mg/kgBW (EC50=407.52 ppm) and 810 mg/kgBW (EC50=247.82 ppm) can improve the oxidative stress of Sprague dawley rats.

scholarly journals RUSIP SEHUBUNGAN PROFIL LIPID DALAM KEADAAN HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Indranila KS ◽  
Satrianugraha MD
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
White Male ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
The Difference

Rusip is a fermented fish product made from anchovies. Several lactic acid bacteria have been identified in rusip fermentation. Lacticacid bacteria are known to be able to reduce serum cholesterol. The aim of the research was to know the lipid profile changes due toadministration of rusip in hypercholesterolemia rats. The research was done by using Pre and Post Randomized Controlled Group Design.The research subjects consisted of twenty-eight Sprague Dawley strain white male rats aged 20 weeks with normal body weight, who weregiven a high-fat high-cholesterol diet, then divided into four (4) groups: control group, without Rusip administration; P1, P2 and P3 whoreceived 2.55; 5.10 and 7.65 mg Rusip/g body weight. After 14 days treatment, blood samples were taken to determine the lipid profileusing enzymatic methods. ANOVA or alternative test, was used to test the difference between the groups at the 95% confidence level. Basedon the research, the administration of Rusip in the treatment group caused significant changes in the lipid profiles of hypercholesterolemiarats (p<0.05). The total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol levels decreased significantly in all three treatment doses (p<0.05).The HDL cholesterol increased significantly in all three treatment doses (p<0.05). The highest change in lipid profile results was obtainedin the treatment of P3 to all variables. In this study, it was found that administration of Rusip could improve the state of blood lipidprofiles of hypercholesterolemia rats. Whereas, the highest changes were obtained in treatment with P3.

Chronic administration of OB protein decreases food intake by selectively reducing meal size in male rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (1) ◽  
pp. R180-R185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kahler ◽  
Nori Geary ◽  
Lisa A. Eckel ◽  
L. Arthur Campfield ◽  
Françoise J. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ob Protein

The potent hypophagic effect of OB protein (OB) is well established, but the mechanism of this effect is largely unknown. We investigated the effects of chronic administration of a novel modified recombinant human OB (Mod-OB) with a prolonged half-life (>48 h) on ad libitum food intake, spontaneous meal patterns, and body weight in 24 adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight at study onset: 292 g). Single daily subcutaneous injections of Mod-OB (4 mg/kg daily) for 8 consecutive days significantly reduced ad libitum food intake compared with vehicle injections from injection day 3through postinjection day 3. Mod-OB-injected rats ate between 4.5 and 7.1 g (or 13–20%) per day less than controls, with the reduction primarily occurring during the dark period. Body weight gain was significantly decreased in response to Mod-OB from injection day 8until postinjection day 4, with a maximum difference of 24 g on postinjection day 3. The reduction of food intake by Mod-OB was mainly due to a 21–34% decrease in nocturnal spontaneous meal size. There was no significant effect of Mod-OB on nocturnal meal frequency or duration. Mod-OB also did not reliably affect the size, duration, or frequency of diurnal meals. Mod-OB-injected rats displayed no compensatory hyperphagia after the injection period. These results indicate that chronically administered OB selectively affects the mechanisms controlling meal size in male rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of the aqueous extract of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves in Sprague Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Redzuan Nul Hakim Abdul Razak ◽  
Suzanah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Asmah Hanim Hamdan ◽  
Roszaman Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Lokman Md Isa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Aquilaria malaccensis or commonly known as ‘gaharu’ is a species of Aquilaria genus and belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family. It is widely distributed in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Borneo Islands. Traditionally, its leaves were used to relieve bruises and studies have shown that they function as an antioxidant, aphrodisiac, and tranquilizer. Despite its proven beneficial medicinal properties, information regarding its toxicity is limited. Therefore, we performed a safety evaluation on the aqueous A. malaccensis leaves extract (AMAE) in Sprague Dawley rats. The assessment of acute toxicity based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guideline 420 revealed that AMAE did not influence mortality, clinical appearance, body weight gain, or necropsy findings at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. In the sub-acute toxicity, all doses did not significantly modify the body weight and food and water intake. In male rats treated with 2000 mg/kg, there was a significant reduction in the relative weight of liver. Not only that, an increase in alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase was also observed in different groups among the female rats. A significant decrease in the creatinine level was also seen among male rats administered with different doses of AMAE. In both sexes, histopathological analysis had shown abnormalities in the liver and kidney of rats treated at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of AMAE was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg. In sub-acute duration, the findings suggested that AMAE administered orally is slightly toxic at higher doses (2000 mg/kg) and could provoke functional and structural changes in the kidney and liver of rats. Thus, the extract should be used with caution.

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