scholarly journals CYCLEA BARBATA LEAF EXTRACT: LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Nadya Febri Handayani ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Nuraini Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane Cyclea barbata Mier. leaf extractsusing a lipoxygenase inhibition method.Methods: Enzyme activity assay was performed using colorimetric method with lipoxygenase from soybean and linoleic acid as a substrate.Absorbance was measured at 234 nm. The total flavonoid content of the most active extract was determined using a colorimetric method with AlCl3and phytochemical screening.Results: The ethyl acetate extract had the highest lipoxygenase inhibiting activity, with an IC50 value of 0.267 mg/mL. In addition, this extract had atotal flavonoid content of 21.62 mgQE/g and contained flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids.Conclusion: This finding indicated that C. barbata provides a possible anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of lipoxygenase. However,further research is still needed to strengthen this result.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic and Phytochemical Screening of Dried Ficus carica Linn Fruit Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Different Types

Ficus carica L. or the common name is red figs that belong to the Moraceae family or the Mulberry family. Every part of the fruit or the tree has been able to treat different types of common diseases, for example, it is used as a natural laxative or a supplementary food for diabetes. Thus, this research uses four different solvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol, hexane, and water, to obtain the respective crude extracts in order to investigate the anti-diabetic properties by determining the inhibition of the activity of the diabetic enzymes, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase; and the DPPH assay determines the antioxidant activity while qualitative phytochemical screening was for phenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids; total quantitative phenolic and total flavonoid content was done. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of the compounds tested in different types of crude extracts. For the total phenolic content, ethyl acetate extract exhibits the highest content. In contrast, hexane extract shows the highest total flavonoid content. For the DPPH assay, ethyl acetate extract has the highest scavenging activity at 13.351 µg/mL with corresponding with the data of total phenolic content. For the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, water extract has the lowest IC50 value among the four extracts but higher value than the standard. For α-amylase inhibitory activity, only ethanol extract showed the IC50 value, but it was a high value. In conclusion, there is potential for figs to be a natural source of medicine, and the extracts tested can be used for future studies.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110559
Author(s):  
Le Minh Ha ◽  
Ngo Thi Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hien ◽  
Pham Thi Tam ◽  
Do Thi Thao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In this study, we aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of the rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb. Three extracts ( n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) were screened for their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The ethyl acetate extract of G. pendula rhizomes (EGP) showed a potential effect with an IC50 value of 32.45 µg/mL. For in vivo study, the ethyl acetate extract was further investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice (CAIA). The level of arthritis in experimental mice significantly reduced ( P < .05) after treatment with EGP at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study also revealed that EGP is orally non-toxic. Ethyl p-methoxy cinamate was identified as the main constituent of EGP, which may result in its anti-inflammatory effect.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITORY ASSAY WITH TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT OF GARCINIA LATERIFLORA BLUME LEAVES EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Sismita Avelia ◽  
Marista Gilang Mauldina ◽  
Berna Elya
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibition

 Objective: Garcinia lateriflora Blume has been reported to have antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method with methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane leaves extract inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) levels of 6.18, 8.03, and 156.8 μg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, there has been no literature regarding G. lateriflora Blume’s lipoxygenase inhibition activity. The aim of this study was to determine the potential antioxidant activity and lipoxygenase inhibition activity of three leaf extracts of G. lateriflora Blume. Methods: These study test methods involved an assessment of antioxidant activity using the ferric reducing antioxidant power method, an assessment of lipoxygenase inhibition activity through the in vitro method, and a qualitative analysis of flavonoid and total flavonoid content using thin-layer chromatography and the AlCl3 colorimetric method to reveal the most active extract.Results: Based on the assessment for methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane, the results showed that the effective concentration 50% levels of the antioxidant activity of G. lateriflora Blume leaves extract were 9.567, 16.555, and 50.550 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 levels of the lipoxygenase inhibition activity were 0.693, 0.793, and 1.316 μg/mL, respectively. The most active extract for both of the tests was methanol extract, which has a total flavonoid content of 6.298 mg quercetin equivalents/g.Conclusions: Based on the test results, it can be concluded that G. lateriflora Blume leaves extracts exhibit antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activities, with methanol extract as the most active extract, containing more flavonoid than the other two extracts.

scholarly journals Kandungan Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Daun Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg sebagai Kandidat Obat Antidiabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Sofa Fajriah ◽  
Edi Supriadi ◽  
Galuh Widiyarti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ic50 Value

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the non communicable diseases (NCDs) with the largest number of deaths in the world. The Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg is a source of phenolic compounds. Phenolic is grouped as polyphenols group that widely functioned as antidiabetic. The α-glucosidase enzyme plays a role in the forming of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The α-glucosidase enzyme can be used for antidiabetic activity assay because of its capability on breaking down carbohydrate into glucose in the human small intestine. This study aimed to determine phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antidiabetic activity of M. hispida leaves extract and its fraction. The extract and fraction were tested for the phenolic levels using Folin-Ciocalteau method, the total flavonoid using alumunium chloride method, and the antidiabetic activity using α-glukosidase method. The yield of methanolic extract of the Macaranga hispida was 10.23%. Phenolic content of the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanolic extract was 8.411 mg, equivalent to gallic acid/100 mg extract. Total flavonoid content was 6.14 ± 0.31b/b μg/mL. Antidiabetic activity assay of the extract and the fractions of Macaranga hispida resulted the highest antidiabetic activity (IC50) was in the ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 value 21.91 μg / mL.

In Vitro Antidiabetic, Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanolic Extract and Isolated Compound from Andrographispaniculata (Burm. F) Wall. Ex Nees from Kemaman, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahaya Najib Sani ◽  
Mainul Haque ◽  
Amirah Wan- Azemin ◽  
Khamsah Suryati ◽  
Anam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Isolated Compound

Objective: This study investigated the activity of the extracts and the isolated compound on its potential in vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and potential anti-cancer effect, total flavonoid content against alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and on macrophage respectively from Andrographispaniculata (Burm. F) wall. Ex Nees. Methodology: The isolation of the constituents was done using column while the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic was done using nitric oxide and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay while anticancer assessment was done performed using cell viability on various human hepatocellular carcinoma cell) and Chang liver (normal cell line) were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolzyl-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Although, the total flavonoid content was low, ethyl acetate extract indicated the highest total flavonoids content and it’s statistically different from methanol, ethanol: water (1:1 v/v) and aqueous extracts. Ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the highest percentage inhibition (29.8 %) against nitric oxide scavenging activity (NaNO2) compared to other extracts. Also, the isolated crystals showed a significant inhibition against NaNO2. Moreover, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme with optimal concentration of 950μg/ml for 50 % inhibition (IC50) while the other three extracts (methanol, 50 % ethanol: water (1:1 v/v) and aqueous) indicated activity below 50 % inhibition which might be due to total flavonoid content. The potential anti-cancer effect indicates that both the methanol extract and crystals (AP02 and AP03) may have the same compound. Conclusion: The compound isolated might be Andrographolide and the activity might be due to flavonoid content for the extract.

scholarly journals Ethyl Acetate Extract ofArtemisia anomalaS. Moore Displays Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Tan ◽  
Yuan-Lai Wang ◽  
Xiao-Lu Yang ◽  
Dan-Dan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
No Production ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Artemisia anomalaS. Moore has been widely used in China to treat inflammatory diseases for hundreds of years. However, mechanisms associated with its anti-inflammatory effect are not clear. In this study, we prepared ethyl acetate, petroleum ether,n-BuOH, and aqueous extracts from ethanol extract ofArtemisia anomalaS. Moore. Comparing anti-inflammatory effects of these extracts, we found that ethyl acetate extract of this herb (EAFA) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. EAFA suppressed the production of NO in a time- and dose-dependent manner without eliciting cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying EAFA’s anti-inflammatory effect, we showed that EAFA increased total cellular anti-oxidant capacity while reducing the amount of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in stimulated RAW264.7 cells. EAFA also suppressed the expression of IL-1βand IL-6, whereas it elevates the level of heme oxygenase-1. These EAFA-induced events were apparently associated with NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways because the DNA binding activity of p50/p65 was impaired and the activities of both ERK and JNK were decreased in EFEA-treated cells comparing to untreated cells. Our findings suggest that EAFA exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the expression of iNOS.

scholarly journals INHIBITION OF LIPOXYGENASE ACTIVITY FROM AVERRHOA CARAMBOLA L. LEAF EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-118
Author(s):  
RANA KURNIA RAHMA ◽  
BERNA ELYA ◽  
ROSITA HANDAYANI
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Lipoxygenase Activity ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Averrhoa Carambola ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: Inflammation is a protective response to tissue injury caused by physical trauma, harmful chemicals, or microbiological substances.Leukotriene, which originates in the lipoxygenase pathway, is a mediator of inflammation. Averrhoa carambola L. leave contains flavones, includingapigenin, which exhibits potential anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. The present study aimed to examine thelipoxygenase inhibition activity of A. carambola leaf extracts.Methods: A. carambola leaf extracts were obtained using multilevel maceration using the solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Subsequently,total flavonoid contents in the three extracts were determined using the colorimetric method. Apigenin content in the most active extract wasdetermined using high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: The extract with the highest lipoxygenase inhibition activity was the ethyl acetate extract with an IC50 value of 10.17±0.83 μg/mLfollowed by the n-hexane and ethanol extracts with IC50 values of 40.99±0.51 and 35.61±0.66 μg/mL, respectively. Total flavonoid content fromthe n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts was 3.01, 24.24, and 8.24 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract, respectively. A qualitative test usingthin-layer chromatography showed that all extracts contained apigenin. The most active (ethyl acetate) extract contained 5.39% apigenin with ahigh-performance liquid chromatography method.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract of A. carambola leaf is the most active extract to inhibit lipoxygenase activity. Flavonoid content has a strongcorrelation to the inhibitory activity of each extract.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S129
Author(s):  
I. Namoune ◽  
B. Khettal ◽  
A.M. Assaf ◽  
S. Elhayek ◽  
L. Arrar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

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