scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF NEW TARGETING METHODS IN THE CANCER THERAPY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
ZAKARIYA AL-MASHHADANI ◽  
RUA A. NASER ◽  
MUNAF H. ZALZALA
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Toxic Drug ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Rapid development has achieved in treating tumor to stop malignant cell growth and metastasis in the past decade. Numerous researches have emerged to increase potency and efficacy with novel methods for drug delivery. The main objective of this literature review was to illustrate the impact of current new targeting methods to other previous delivering systems to select the most appropriate method in cancer therapy. This review first gave a brief summary of cancer structure and highlighted the main roles of targeting systems. Different types of delivering systems have been addressed in this literature review with focusing on the latest carrier derived from malarial protein. The remarkable advantages and main limitations of the later have been also discussed. PubMed and Science Direct were the main search engines that have been used as information sources to prepare this review. Articles related to cancer targeting system, active and passive processes, current nanoparticles, antibody carriers, and current novel cancer carriers were used as sources in this review. Important points from many references published in the last decade (2008-2018) were selected and included. Several targeting methods were introduced to enhance the efficacy and tolerability of the toxic drug by active and passive processes, but there is still no conclusive carrier without certain drawbacks. A combination of targeting methods probably shows the most appropriate choice for increasing selectivity and safety of anticancer drugs via reducing the concentration of carriers used.

Double, triple or quadruple hits? Exploring the impact of cybercrime on victims in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 026975802110106
Author(s):  
Raoul Notté ◽  
E.R. Leukfeldt ◽  
Marijke Malsch
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This article explores the impact of online crime victimisation. A literature review and 41 interviews – 19 with victims and 22 with experts – were carried out to gain insight into this. The interviews show that most impacts of online offences correspond to the impacts of traditional offline offences. There are also differences with offline crime victimisation. Several forms of impact seem to be specific to victims of online crime: the substantial scale and visibility of victimhood, victimisation that does not stop in time, the interwovenness of online and offline, and victim blaming. Victims suffer from double, triple or even quadruple hits; it is the accumulation of different types of impact, enforced by the limitlessness in time and space, which makes online crime victimisation so extremely invasive. Furthermore, the characteristics of online crime victimisation greatly complicate the fight against and prevention of online crime. Finally, the high prevalence of cybercrime victimisation combined with the severe impact of these crimes seems contradictory with public opinion – and associated moral judgments – on victims. Further research into the dominant public discourse on victimisation and how this affects the functioning of the police and victim support would be valuable.

A systematic literature review of ‘empathy’ and ‘games’

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Schrier ◽  
Matthew Farber
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

Scholarship on the intersection of games and empathy is limited. However, over the past decade peer-reviewed articles have started to be published in this area. This study investigates this emerging scholarship on empathy and games to understand how researchers are describing, defining and communicating their work. For example, how are research articles about games defining empathy? From which disciplines are the researchers framing their studies? Which types of games are being used in the investigations? Forty-nine articles were found, coded and analysed by searching six different databases. For this investigation, each article was analysed based on the discipline, keyword(s) used to find the article, definition(s) of empathy used, types of games used in the article and the themes used in the article. Articles emerged from twelve different disciplines and described over thirteen different types of empathy. Findings were shared, as well as recommendations for researchers studying this area.

scholarly journals DUA FAKTOR PENENTU KEBERHASILAN SEBUAH PROSES INOVASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Adhikara Joshua Sutisna ◽  
Martani Huseini
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
New Product ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Process Creation ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
The Impact

This article is conducted based on a simple question: why big companies fail? Nowadays, companies are faced with market conditions that are far different compared to a few years ago. Starting from consumers who demand the speed and convenience of the products or services they will consume, until the competition becomes very tight due to the large number of newcomers emerging. Therefore, companies cannot use their old ways that might have worked in the past. Companies must be able to adapt to the current conditions by making various innovations both from the products and processes they do within the company to survive in the market of this era. However, innovation is not as simple as creating something new and different from the others. An innovation process can be said to succeed if the company can not only create a new product or process, but also can distribute the results of the innovation process so that many parties can feel the impact of their innovation. This is a qualitative research that uses comprehensive literature review to analyse the problem. The purpose of this study is to discuss two factors that have an important role in the success of an innovation process, namely creation and deployment. The output of this research is in the form of a table of operationalization of concepts that are expected to be used to help the success of the parties who will carry out an innovation process. Keywords: Innovation, Innovation Process, Creation, Deployment

The impact of explicit instruction on different types of linguistic properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Different Types ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Locative Inversion ◽  
Discourse Interface ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Over the past decades, L2 research has shown that properties involving the syntax-discourse interface are typically more complex to acquire than strictly syntactic properties. To determine whether the complexity of the target property moderates the effectiveness of explicit instruction, this study investigates the impact of explicit instruction on the development of a syntactic property (the ungrammaticality of free inversion) and a syntax-discourse property (the unacceptability of locative inversion with informationally heavy verbs) in L1 European Portuguese-L2 English (B2 and C1 levels), using a pre-test/post-test design. Results reveal that instruction only produced lasting effects when it targeted syntax and learners were at the C1 level. These results indicate that syntax may be more permeable to instructional effects than the syntax-discourse interface and that the effectiveness of explicit instruction depends on learners’ stage of L2 development.

scholarly journals Engineering of bioactive metal sulfide nanomaterials for cancer therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Fei ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Fan ◽  
Yiqing Ye ◽  
Mengdan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Radiation Enhancement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Antitumor Properties ◽  
Clinical Transformation

AbstractMetal sulfide nanomaterials (MeSNs) are a novel class of metal-containing nanomaterials composed of metal ions and sulfur compounds. During the past decade, scientists found that the MeSNs engineered by specific approaches not only had high biocompatibility but also exhibited unique physicochemical properties for cancer therapy, such as Fenton catalysis, light conversion, radiation enhancement, and immune activation. To clarify the development and promote the clinical transformation of MeSNs, the first section of this paper describes the appropriate fabrication approaches of MeSNs for medical science and analyzes the features and limitations of each approach. Secondly, we sort out the mechanisms of functional MeSNs in cancer therapy, including drug delivery, phototherapy, radiotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, gas therapy, and immunotherapy. It is worth noting that the intact MeSNs and the degradation products of MeSNs can exert different types of anti-tumor activities. Thus, MeSNs usually exhibit synergistic antitumor properties. Finally, future expectations and challenges of MeSNs in the research of translational medicine are spotlighted.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF DESIGN RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING PRODUCTIVITY IN THE ARCHITECTURE, ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION (AEC) INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Yvonne Yu Bing Wong ◽  
Sam Conrad Joyce ◽  
Lucienne Blessing
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Construction Productivity ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Aec Industry

AbstractProductivity studies in the AEC industry has gained significant attention in the past decade, however the impact from actual industry application has not kept up. This could be attributed to the focus on construction productivity instead of engineering productivity. This paper presents a systematic literature review on engineering design productivity in AEC industry focusing on design research method applications.

scholarly journals MSMEs IN TIMES OF CRISIS. EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Tulus Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Asian Financial Crisis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Channels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

This descriptive study is about micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. It has two objectives: (i) to estimate the impact of the Covid 19 crisis on MSMEs and compares it with other previous problems. Second, to explore crisis mitigation (CM) measures adopted by affected MSMEs. It shows that different types of crises have different transmission channels through which such situations affected MSMEs. CM measures adopted by affected MSMEs also vary by different types of emergencies and hence various business risks. In the 1997/98 crisis, replacing imported raw materials with local raw materials was widely adopted. The 2008/09 problem was finding new customers or markets in unaffected countries or switching to the domestic market. While in the case of the Covid-19 crisis, switching temporarily to manufacturing medical devices such as masks and changing the marketing system from conventional to e-commerce are the most widely adopted strategies. There is already a lot of literature on economic crises such as the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis and the 2008 global economic crisis. The Covid 19 pandemic's reports and articles impact on the economy have emerged in the past two months. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study on how such crises affected and through what transmission channels, MSMEs. Keywords: MSMEs, 1997/98 Asian Financial Crisis, 2008/09 Global Financial Crisis, COVID-19 Crisis, CM MeasuresJEL Classification: D2, F6, G01, I1

scholarly journals Use of light-cured resin to manufacture occlusal splints: report of two cases

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieszko Więckiewicz ◽  
Marta Miernik ◽  
Włodzimierz Więckiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Past ◽  
Occlusal Splints ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Different Types

This article presents selected cases of patients with functional disorders of the stomatognathic system. This group of patients had a need to made different types of removable occlusal splints. In the past, occlusal appliances were made mostly using self-cured acrylate materials, which for many years had no replacements. The rapid development of dental materials technology led to creation of thermo-formable materials and resins, which can successfully replace traditional acrylic materials in daily clinical practice. A practical application of light-cured resin in the fabrication of the occlusal splints in two clinical cases is reported and discussed herein.

How debriefing post cardiopulmonary arrest and resuscitation can be used to improve training

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Clare Jones
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Debriefing is a form of discussion used in human medicine following significant events, such as cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) and resuscitation. There are no studies in veterinary medicine specifically exploring the benefits of debriefing post CPA, showing known knowledge gaps. However, there are studies in training for resuscitation and staff resilience that mention debriefing as tools, and there are studies in human medicine that look at different types of debriefing and benefits. This literature review discusses ways in which debriefing may be implemented into a veterinary environment as well as the impact it could have on staff training, wellbeing and patient outcome.

scholarly journals The Impact of Health Information Exposure and Source Credibility on COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4678
Author(s):  
Volker Gehrau ◽  
Sam Fujarski ◽  
Hannah Lorenz ◽  
Carla Schieb ◽  
Bernd Blöbaum
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Source Credibility ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The Impact

Due to the novelty and high transmission rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), direct medical countermeasures are urgently needed. Among actions against the further outbreak of COVID-19, vaccination has been considered as a chief candidate. However, the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has led to concern about their safety and thus to public vaccine hesitancy. Strategic heath communication channels, which are widely used and highly trusted, can contribute to more effective promotions of vaccination intention and to the reduction of misleading information about COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between the exposure to and credibility of different health information sources and the COVID-19 vaccination intention among 629 German adults. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regressions are employed to examine the research questions. Results reveal that, aside from reliable information from experts and health authorities, local newspapers also have a positive impact on COVID-19 vaccination intention. However, this effect diminishes to some extent when age is considered. In addition, alternative information sources pose a noticeable threat to COVID-19 vaccination intention. Therefore, a close cooperation between healthcare experts, health authorities, and mass media with regard to information dissemination is conducive for vaccination campaigns and for the fight against misleading claims about COVID-19 vaccines.

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