Muon Acceleration: Neutrino Factory and Beyond

Starburst galaxies strike back: a multi-messenger analysis with Fermi-LAT and IceCube data

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ◽

10.1093/mnras/stab659 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 503 (3) ◽

pp. 4032-4049

Author(s):

Antonio Ambrosone ◽

Marco Chianese ◽

Damiano F G Fiorillo ◽

Antonio Marinelli ◽

Gennaro Miele ◽

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Keyword(s):

Cosmic Rays ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Neutrino Flux ◽

Data Interpretation ◽

Realistic Model ◽

High Energy ◽

Starburst Galaxies ◽

Neutrino Factory ◽

High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽

Astrophysical Objects

ABSTRACT Starburst galaxies, which are known as ‘reservoirs’ of high-energy cosmic-rays, can represent an important high-energy neutrino ‘factory’ contributing to the diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube. In this paper, we revisit the constraints affecting the neutrino and gamma-ray hadronuclear emissions from this class of astrophysical objects. In particular, we go beyond the standard prototype-based approach leading to a simple power-law neutrino flux, and investigate a more realistic model based on a data-driven blending of spectral indexes, thereby capturing the observed changes in the properties of individual emitters. We then perform a multi-messenger analysis considering the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) measured by Fermi-LAT and different IceCube data samples: the 7.5-yr high-energy starting events (HESE) and the 6-yr high-energy cascade data. Along with starburst galaxies, we take into account the contributions from blazars and radio galaxies as well as the secondary gamma-rays from electromagnetic cascades. Remarkably, we find that, differently from the highly-constrained prototype scenario, the spectral index blending allows starburst galaxies to account for up to $40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the HESE events at $95.4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ CL, while satisfying the limit on the non-blazar EGB component. Moreover, values of $\mathcal {O}(100\, \mathrm{PeV})$ for the maximal energy of accelerated cosmic-rays by supernovae remnants inside the starburst are disfavoured in our scenario. In broad terms, our analysis points out that a better modelling of astrophysical sources could alleviate the tension between neutrino and gamma-ray data interpretation.

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NEUTRINO MASSES, OSCILLATIONS, AND TESTS WITH FUTURE SUPERBEAMS AND A NEUTRINO FACTORY

International Journal of Modern Physics A ◽

10.1142/s0217751x03017269 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 3921-3933 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. LINDNER

Keyword(s):

Cp Violation ◽

Neutrino Oscillation ◽

Neutrino Masses ◽

Neutrino Factory ◽

Mixing Angles ◽

Long Baseline

Future long baseline neutrino oscillation (LBL) setups are discussed and the remarkable potential for very precise measurements of mass splittings, mixing angles, MSW effects, the sign of Δm2 and leptonic CP violation is shown. Furthermore we discuss the sensitivity improvements which can be obatined by combining the planned JHF-Superkamiokande and the proposed NuMI off-axis experiment.

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