scholarly journals Magnetic resonance morphometry of the brain in the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease and vascular parkinsonism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
E. V. Iskhakova ◽  
A. G. Trufanov ◽  
A. Yu. Efimtsev ◽  
A. A. Yurin ◽  
A. S. Lepekhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Vascular Parkinsonism ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
The Brain

Introduction. MR-morphometry is a method of image processing independent of the researcher, which allows you to get the results of measuring the volume of the brain structures and the thickness of various areas of the cortex and helps in the differential diagnosis in assessing the results of MRI. Our study used MR-morphometry to identify structural markers in the differential diagnosis of vascular parkinsonism in the examination of patients with Parkinson's symptoms. Purpose of research. Visualization of the distribution of atrophic changes in brain structures in vascular parkinsonism and in the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease, as well as the identification of characteristic parts of the brain that undergo a pathological process to increase the accuracy of differential diagnosis. Materials and methods. The results of magnetic resonance morphometry of patients using the postprocessing of native MR images using Freesurfer software are analyzed. We examined 29 patients with vascular parkinsonism and 19 patients with Parknison disease, at stage 4 according to Hyun and Yar. Summary. The application of the method of postprocessing data processing of MR-morphometry allows instrumental confirmation of the clinical diagnosis, as well as to clarify the pathogenesis of neurological syndromes observed in progressive supranuclear paralysis.

Machine learning models for the differential diagnosis of vascular parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease using [123I]FP-CIT SPECT

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Huertas-Fernández ◽  
F. J. García-Gómez ◽  
D. García-Solís ◽  
S. Benítez-Rivero ◽  
V. A. Marín-Oyaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Vascular Parkinsonism ◽  
Machine Learning Models

scholarly journals Review of prodromal symptoms in Parkinson's Disease detected by MRI, EEG And microbiome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Echeverri ◽  
Maria de la Iglesia Vayá ◽  
Jose Molina Mateo ◽  
Francia Restrepo de Mejia ◽  
Belarmino Segura Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Early Parkinson’S Disease

Context: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is catalogued as a disorder that causes motor symptoms; the evidence of literature shows the PD starts with non-motor signs, which can be detected in prodromal phases. These previous phases can be analyzed and studied through magnetic resonance images (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and microbiome.Objective: To systematically review the areas of the brain and brain-gut axis which affect in early Parkinson’s disease that can possibly be visualized and analyzed by MRI, EEG and the microbiome.Evidence acquisition: Pubmed and Embase databases were used until July 30, 2018 as to search for early Parkinson’s disease at its earliest non-motor symptoms stage by using MRI, EEG, and microbiome. The search was performed according to the requirements of a systematic review. In order to identify reports, we evaluated them following the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) criteria. Evidence synthesis: MRI and EEG have provided the advances to find features for PD over the last decade. Those techniques identify motor symptoms on substantia nigra where the patient shows a dopamine deficiency. However, over recent years, researchers have found that PD has prodromal phases, that is, PD is not simply a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the dysfunction of dopaminergic. Thus, high field MRI, event-related potential (ERP) and microbiota data shows a significant change on the brain cortex, white and grey matter, the extrapyramidal system, brain signals and the gut.Conclusion: The structural MRI is a useful technique in detecting the stages of motor symptoms on the substantia nigra in patients with PD. The use of magnetic resonance as an early detector requires a high magnetic field, as to identify the areas which diagnose that the patient could be in the premotor stages. On the other hand, EEG performed well in detecting PD features. Furthermore, microbiome sequencing might include the classification of bacterial families that could help to detect PD in its prodromal phase. Thus, the combination of all these techniques can support the possibility of diagnosing PD in its very early stages.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging in Parkinsonism: a study with magnetic resonance and spectroscopy as tools in the differential diagnosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Rocha Vasconcellos ◽  
Sergio A. Pereira Novis ◽  
Denise Madeira Moreira ◽  
Ana Lucia Z. Rosso ◽  
Ana Claudia C.B. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging And Spectroscopy

The differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism based on clinical features, sometimes may be difficult. Diagnostic tests in these cases might be useful, especially magnetic resonance imaging, a noninvasive exam, not as expensive as positron emission tomography, and provides a good basis for anatomical analysis. The magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyzes cerebral metabolism, yielding inconsistent results in parkinsonian disorders. We selected 40 individuals for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy analysis, 12 with Parkinson's disease, 11 with progressive supranuclear palsy, 7 with multiple system atrophy (parkinsonian type), and 10 individuals without any psychiatric or neurological disorders (controls). Clinical scales included Hoenh and Yahr, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale and mini mental status examination. The results showed that patients with Parkinson's disease and controls presented the same aspects on neuroimaging, with few or absence of abnormalities, and supranuclear progressive palsy and multiple system atrophy showed abnormalities, some of which statistically significant. Thus, magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy could be useful as a tool in differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.

The differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
J Vaughan ◽  
RJ Hardie
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Extrapyramidal System ◽  
Experienced Clinician

The difficulty in making an accurate diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) should never be underestimated. Just as the introduction of CT scanning and, more recently, magnetic resonance imaging has revolutionized general neurological practice and exposed the diagnostic inadequacies of the most experienced clinician, current understanding of the pathophysiology of the extrapyramidal system has advanced considerably, even in the last decade or two.

scholarly journals Early Parkinson’s Disease-Like Pathology in a Transgenic Mouse Model Involves a Decreased Cst3 mRNA Expression But Not Neuroinflammatory Response in the Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
T.A. Korolenko ◽  
A.B. Shintyapina ◽  
V.M. Belichenko ◽  
A.B. Pupyshev ◽  
A.A. Akopyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cysteine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Clearance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain

AbstractPathological aggregation and accumulation of α-synuclein in neurons play a core role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) while its overexpression is a common PD model. Autophagy-lysosomal pathways are general intraneural mechanisms of protein clearance. Earlier a suppressed autophagy in the brain of young transgenic mice overexpressing the А53Т-mutant human α-synuclein (mut(PD)) was revealed. Previous studies have recognized that Cystatin C displays protective activity against neurodegeneration. This cysteine protease inhibitor attracts particular attention as a potential target for PD treatment related to autophagy modulation. Here we evaluated the mRNA levels of Cst3 encoding Cystatin C in different brain structures of 5 m.o. mut(PD) mice at standard conditions and after the chronic treatment with a neuroprotective agent, ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg, 36 days). The inflammatory markers, namely, microglial activation by IBA1 expression and mRNA levels of two chitinases genes (Chit1, Chia1), were also assessed but no significant difference was found between control and transgenic mice. Cst3 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the striatum and amygdala in the transgenic PD model. Furthermore, this was associated with autophagy decline and might be added to early signs of synucleinopathy development. We first demonstrated the modulation of mRNA levels of Cst3 and autophagy marker Becn1 in the brain by ceftriaxone treatment. Taken together, the results support the potential of autophagy modulation through Cystatin C at early stages of PD-like pathology.

scholarly journals Emotional Processing following Cortical and Subcortical Brain Damage: Contribution of the Fronto-Striatal Circuitry

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Breitenstein ◽  
Irene Daum ◽  
Hermann Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Subcortical Brain ◽  
Subcortical Brain Structures ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Standardized Measure ◽  
The Right

The present study examined the differential contribution of cortical and subcortical brain structures in emotional processing by comparing patients with focal cortical lesions (n= 32) to those with primarily subcortical dysregulation of the basal ganglia (Parkinson’s diseasen= 14). A standardized measure of emotional perception (Tübingen Affect Battery) was used. Only patients in the more advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease and patients with focal damage to the (right) frontal lobe differed significantly from controls in both facial expression and affective prosody recognition. The findings imply involvement of the fronto-striatal circuitry in emotional processing.

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