scholarly journals Current Potential of Pantoprazole in Treatment and Prevention of Gastrointestinal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
A. A. Sheptulin ◽  
S. S. Kardasheva ◽  
A. A. Kurbatova
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Drug Interference ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Current Potential

Aim. An outline of the current potential of pantoprazole in treatment and prevention of upper gastrointestinal diseases.Key points. Pantoprazole is widely applied in gastroesophageal reflux, peptic ulcer disease, Zollinger—Ellison syndrome and for Helicobacter pylori eradication. It minimally inhibits the CYP2C19 isoenzyme involved in the metabolism of many drugs. Pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole conditions a weaker drug interaction compared to other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which enables its use for gastrointestinal bleeding prevention in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy. The new coronaviral pandemic of COVID-19 urges the selection of PPIs that minimise the drug interference, such as pantoprazole, in therapy and prevention of acid-related upper gastrointestinal diseases. Pantoprazole has a good tolerance and low side effect rate.Conclusion. Pantoprazole is considered among optimal PPIs for efficacy, safety and adherence on the basis of clinical trials for treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals Deprescribing and Optimal Selection of Proton Pump Inhibitors (Contributions of the 26th United Russian Gastroenterology Week)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
V. T. Ivashkin ◽  
I. V. Maev ◽  
A. S. Trukhmanov ◽  
A. A. Sheptulin ◽  
V. I. Simanenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Optimal Selection ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Antisecretory Effect ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Presentation of the Forum “Deprescribing and optimal selection of proton pump inhibitors” held in Moscow on 29 September 2020 during the 26th United Russian Gastroenterology Week.Key points. The Forum was aimed at discussing issues associated with improving the proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) therapy in treatment and prevention of acid-related diseases and upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antiplatelet medications. Deprescribing is considered to be an effective strategy of a motivated reduction of the PPI dosage, duration of therapy and the patient’s transfer from a regular to on-demand intake regimen. The choice of PPI may condition an optimal therapy for acid-related diseases.Conclusion. PPIs prevail in therapies for acid-related diseases and NSAID-induced upper GIT lesions. PPI deprescribing should be a strategy of choice if medically indicated. A non-enzymatic metabolism, high acid suppression, stable antisecretory effect from day 1 of therapy and cytoprotective action justify the application of rabeprazole (Pariet®) for optimising therapies for acid-related diseases and implementing the deprescribing strategy.

ANTICYTOKINE ACTIVITY OF THE PROTOZOA BLASTOCYSTIS SPP

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Bugero N.V. ◽  
Ilyina N.A. ◽  
Aleksandrova S.M.
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
High Level ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
High Degree

In addition to the classical pathogens, which are well understood and well identified, new pathogens with the potential to spread epidemiologically are being identified. Some of these little-known organisms are the simplest Blastocystis spp. blastocystostosis. The clinical significance of Blastocystis spp. and its pathogenicity are still under discussion. This parasite belongs to a group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms living in the colon of the human intestine. Blastocystis spp. is known to be found both in people with reduced immune status and in individuals without any clinical manifestation. It has been established that a sufficiently high degree of invasiveness is observed in persons with gastrointestinal tract diseases, dermatosis, allergic reactions, in patients with carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus, etc. Possessing persistence factors, protozoa blastocysts contribute to the inactivation of host defensive mechanisms, providing a stable anthogonistic effect. In recent years, many works have been devoted to the characteristics of the persistent properties of Blastocystis spr., however, individual properties of blastocysts, in particular, anticytokine activity (ACA), have not yet been studied. In this regard, the work studied the anticytokine activity of microorganisms isolated from healthy subjects and patients with gastrointestinal tract diseases. A high prevalence of the studied characteristic in the subjects was shown. The expression of anticytokine activity in the obtained isolates of blastocysts was the highest in the group of persons with gastric ulcer disease, which decreased in the order of duodenal ulcer, chronic cholecystitis, chronic gastritis, etc. The data obtained in this work on the high level of ACA expression in blastocyst isolates obtained from individuals with gastrointestinal diseases as compared with the control group enables to conclude that their exometabolites may influence the local cytokine balance [1], which supports the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals MicroRNA as Biomarkers for Platelet Function and Maturity in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Buchhave Pedersen ◽  
Erik Lerkevang Grove ◽  
Steen Dalby Kristensen ◽  
Peter H. Nissen ◽  
Anne-Mette Hvas
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Quality Assessment Tool ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractPatients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at increased risk of suffering myocardial infarction. Platelets are key players in thrombus formation and, therefore, antiplatelet therapy is crucial in the treatment and prevention of CVD. MicroRNAs (miRs) may hold the potential as biomarkers for platelet function and maturity. This systematic review was conducted using the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). To identify studies investigating the association between miRs and platelet function and maturity in patients with CVD, PubMed and Embase were searched on October 13 and December 13, 2020 without time boundaries. Risk of bias was evaluated using a standardized quality assessment tool. Of the 16 included studies, 6 studies were rated “good” and 10 studies were rated “fair.” In total, 45 miRs correlated significantly with platelet function or maturity (rho ranging from –0.68 to 0.38, all p < 0.05) or differed significantly between patients with high platelet reactivity and patients with low platelet reactivity (p-values ranging from 0.0001 to 0.05). Only four miRs were investigated in more than two studies, namely miR-223, miR-126, miR-21 and miR-150. Only one study reported on the association between miRs and platelet maturity. In conclusion, a total of 45 miRs were associated with platelet function or maturity in patients with CVD, with miR-223 and miR-126 being the most frequently investigated. However, the majority of the miRs were only investigated in one study. More data are needed on the potential use of miRs as biomarkers for platelet function and maturity in CVD patients.

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