scholarly journals Gambaran Pembiayaan Farmasi di Rumah Sakit Pemerintah dengan Pengelolaan BLU/BLUD

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Lukman Prayitno ◽  
Selma Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Financial Planning ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Costs

Pharmacy costs are one of the components that absorb the largest costs from the hospital's health budget. At present, there is still little information and data on the percentage of pharmaceutical costs to the costs of medical devices and non-medical devices. It is very useful in making financial planning. It can illustrate of pharmaceutical financing against other operational costs in hospitals, as financial planning, as scientific evidence for improving drug policy. This research was an analysis on the Indonesia Health Financing Survey data in the referral health care Facilities (FKRTL) in 2016. Data from 84 hospitals in 3 regions. The details were 9 class A hospitals, 37 class B hospitals, 38 class C hospitals. The analysis used a descriptive statistical approach. Pharmacy costs in 3 types of hospitals were 169.07 Billion, 23.66 Billion, 10.79 Billion. The percentage of the proportion of pharmaceutical costs to the cost of non-medical equipment in 3 types of hospitals is 1073.05%, 665.42%, 292.29%. The proportion of pharmaceutical costs to the cost of medical devices in 3 types of hospitals is 208.12%, 172.20%, 148.96%. In all types of hospitals the total pharmaceutical costs are greater than the costs of medical equipment and non-medical equipment costs. The proportion of pharmaceutical costs to the costs of non-medical devices and medical devices is high. This is due to the depreciation of the cost of medical devices and non-medical devices while the pharmaceutical costs always increase in price from the previous year. Abstrak Biaya farmasi merupakan salah satu komponen yang menyerap biaya terbesar dari anggaran kesehatan Rumah Sakit. Saat ini masih sedikit informasi dan data mengenai prosentase biaya farmasi terhadap biaya alat medis dan alat non-medis. Prosentase biaya di rumah sakit sangat bermanfaat dalam membuat perencanaan pembiayaan. Data penelitian sebagai gambaran pembiayaan farmasi terhadap biaya operasional lain di rumah sakit, sebagai perencanaan pembiayaan, sebagai bukti ilmiah untuk penyempurnaan kebijakan obat. Data riset merupakan analisis lanjut hasil Riset Pembiayaan Kesehatan Fasilitas Kesehatan Rawat Tingkat Lanjut (FKRTL) Tahun 2016. Data dari 84 rumah sakit yang di 3 regional. Dengan rincian adalah 9 rumah sakit kelas A, 37 rumah sakit kelas B, 38 rumah sakit kelas C. Data riset dimasukkan dalam dumy tabel untuk analisa lanjut. Analisis menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif statistik diskriptif. Biaya farmasi pada 3 tipe RS masing-masing sebesar 169,07 Milyard, 23,66 Milyard, 10,79 Milyard. Prosentase proporsi biaya farmasi terhadap biaya alat non medis pada 3 tipe RS adalah 1073,05%, 665,42%, 292,29%. Prosentase proporsi biaya farmasi terhadap biaya alat medis pada 3 tipe RS adalah 208,12%, 172,20%, 148,96%. Di semua tipe RS total biaya farmasi lebih besar dibanding biaya alat medis dan biaya alat non medis. Prosentase proporsi biaya farmasi terhadap biaya alat non medis dan alat medis menjadi tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan terjadi penyusutan terhadap biaya alat medis dan alat non medis sedangkan biaya farmasi selalu terjadi peningkatan harga dari tahun sebelumnya.     

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laíse Soares Oliveira Resende ◽  
Edson Theodoro dos Santos-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Acetylator Phenotype ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Antituberculosis Drugs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Care Facilities

This review sought to identify the available scientific evidence on risk factors associated with adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs. We performed a systematic review of studies published in the 1965-2012 period and indexed in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases. A total of 1,389 articles were initially selected. After reading their abstracts, we selected 85 studies. Of those 85 studies, 16 were included in the review. Risk factors for adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs included age > 60 years, treatment regimens, alcoholism, anemia, and HIV co-infection, as well as sodium, iron, and albumin deficiency. Protective factors against hepatic adverse effects of antituberculosis drugs included being male (combined OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20-0.72) and showing a rapid/intermediate N-acetyltransferase 2 acetylator phenotype (combined OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.18-0.90). There is evidence to support the need for management of adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs at public health care facilities.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Klaim Penyakit Katastropik Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heni Wati ◽  
Hasbullah Thabrany
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Claim Data ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Class B ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Base Group

AbstrakBeberapa penyakit yang pada tingkat rumah tangga tergolong katastropik adalah gagal ginjal, kardiovaskular, kanker, thalassemia dan hemophilia. Penderita penyakit tersebut merupakan kelompok yang paling menikmati Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dan penyakit-penyakit tersebut menyerap klaim besar dalam JKN yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius. Karena sebaran fasilitas kesehatan dan kompetensi tenaga medis yang berbeda serta bayaran CBG yang tidak adil, disinyalir terjadi serapan dana yang tidak seimbang antara propinsi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis besaran klaim penyakit tersebut di dua proponsi Jakarta dengan pendapatan per kapita tinggi dan NTT dengan pendapatan per kapita rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan data klaim di BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2014 yang berjumlah 309.301 klaim di kedua propinsi tersebut untuk mengekplorasi sejauh mana perbedaan klaim klaim. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna rata-rata klaim klaim per CBG, per perawatan, per hari rawat . Faktor terbesar perbedaan tersebut adalah besaran CBG yang tidak member insentif pemerataan dokter spesialis ke RS kelas B, C, dan D di daerah dengan pendapatan per kapita rendah. Penelitian ini tidak membuktikan bahwa dana dari provinsi NTT terserap di provinsi DKI.AbstractSeveral diseases that at the household level become catastrophic are end stage renal diseases, cardiovascular, cancer, thalasemia, and haemphilia. Patients of those diseases are benefitted the most of the National Health Insruacen (JKN) and those diseases absorbed high claim costs of the JKN. Special attentions are needed to manage those diseases. Disparity of health care facilities, specialists, and differentials of Casemix Base Group (CBG) payment are susptected to be important contributing factors that create absosrbtion of JKN fund across provinces. This study use 2014 claim data of BPJS Kesehatan in Jakarta and East Nusa Tengga (NTT) provinces to explore the size of differences. The total number of claims analyzed was 309,301 claims. The results show statistically difference of claim payment per case, per admission, and per hospital day. The differences are atributable mostly by differentials of CBG prices that are not providing incentives for specialists to be deployed in smaller hospitals of class B, C, and D in low income provinces.This study does not prove transfer of JKN fund from NTT to Jakarta.

scholarly journals Disinfection efficacy studies on three different disinfection methods in health care facilities by ATP method

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Zhuang ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Helen Heacock ◽  
Fred Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Relative Light Unit ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Disinfection Methods ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

  Objectives: Nosocomial infection has always been a significant topic in the field of public health. The disinfection procedures involved in health care facilities are extremely important to prevent potential transmission of diseases. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the disinfection efficacy between three different disinfection methods (Accel wipes, Hubscrub industrial washer, and Steam vapor) on three pieces of non-critical medical equipment: wheelchairs, mattresses and bath chairs. Methods: The method used to evaluate the disinfection efficacy compared the reduction of contaminants count in the relative light unit using ATP monitoring methods. 30 samples of each of the three types of medical equipment were swabbed pre-disinfection and post-disinfection using the three disinfection methods. The recorded reduction number was then converted using log transformation. Statistical analysis was conducted using NCSS to assess differences between the disinfection methods. Results: The mean log-reduction of disinfection for Accel wipes, Hubscrub, and steam vapor were 1.067, 1.490, and 1.485 respectively. Steam vapor and Hubscrub displayed statistically significantly better disinfection efficacy compared to Accel wipes in terms of log reduction (overall p=0.000002). Conclusion: Hubscrub and steam vapor are better disinfectants compared to Accel wipes in terms of mean log reduction values; however, all three disinfection methods demonstrated effectiveness when cleaning and disinfecting non-critical medical equipment. For critical medical equipment, steam vapor and Hubscrub industrial washing are effective while Accel wipes do not meet the standards of high-level disinfection. As a result, combination usages of all three disinfection methods are recommended at health care facilities based on the categories of the medical equipment.  

scholarly journals Determining the Priority of Medical Equipment Maintenance with Analytical Hierarchy Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfa Omega Hutagalung ◽  
Sawarni Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Equipment Maintenance ◽  
Critical Weight ◽  
Safe Condition ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Medical Equipment Maintenance

The best quality of services provided by health care facilities can be realized if medical devices are in a reliable and safe condition. A large number of medical devices and the use of various types of medical devices have been a problem for hospital management to decide the level of priority in carrying out medical equipment maintenance. The purpose of the maintenance is to increase their availability and to reduce maintenance costs. This study aims to show how to determine the priority level of medical device maintenance based on the calculation of the criticality scores of medical devices. The criticality scores are obtained based on the assessment of criteria, sub-criteria, and grade by using the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The devices with higher critical weight take higher priority for maintenance than devices with lower critical weight. The approach was applied for 20 medical devices at the Out Patient Department of Eye Hospital in Jakarta to describe how to prioritize the maintenance of medical devices.

scholarly journals Multicenter Outbreak of Infections by Saprochaete clavata, an Unrecognized Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Vaux ◽  
Alexis Criscuolo ◽  
Marie Desnos-Ollivier ◽  
Laure Diancourt ◽  
Chloé Tarnaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Care Facilities

ABSTRACTRapidly fatal cases of invasive fungal infections due to a fungus later identified asSaprochaete clavatawere reported in France in May 2012. The objectives of this study were to determine the clonal relatedness of the isolates and to investigate possible sources of contamination. A nationwide alert was launched to collect cases. Molecular identification methods, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and clone-specific genotyping were used to analyze recent and historical isolates, and a case-case study was performed. Isolates from thirty cases (26 fungemias, 22 associated deaths at day 30) were collected between September 2011 and October 2012. Eighteen cases occurred within 8 weeks (outbreak) in 10 health care facilities, suggesting a common source of contamination, with potential secondary cases. Phylogenetic analysis identified one clade (clade A), which accounted for 16/18 outbreak cases. Results of microbiological investigations of environmental, drug, or food sources were negative. Analysis of exposures pointed to a medical device used for storage and infusion of blood products, but no fungal contamination was detected in the unused devices. Molecular identification of isolates from previous studies demonstrated thatS. clavatacan be found in dairy products and has already been involved in monocentric outbreaks in hematology wards. The possibility thatS. clavatamay transmit through contaminated medical devices or can be associated with dairy products as seen in previous European outbreaks is highly relevant for the management of future outbreaks due to this newly recognized pathogen. This report also underlines further the potential of WGS for investigation of outbreaks due to uncommon fungal pathogens.IMPORTANCESeveral cases of rapidly fatal infections due to the fungusSaprochaete clavatawere reported in France within a short period of time in three health care facilities, suggesting a common source of contamination. A nationwide alert collected 30 cases over 1 year, including an outbreak of 18 cases over 8 weeks. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to analyze recent and historical isolates and to design a clade-specific genotyping method that uncovered a clone associated with the outbreak, thus allowing a case-case study to analyze the risk factors associated with infection by the clone. The possibility thatS. clavatamay transmit through contaminated medical devices or can be associated with dairy products as seen in previous European outbreaks is highly relevant for the management of future outbreaks due to this newly recognized pathogen.

scholarly journals CORRUPTIVE INCOMINGS LAUNDERING IN THE MEDICAL SPHERE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1250-1255
Author(s):  
Oleg М. Reznik ◽  
Olha S. Bondarenko ◽  
Maryna S. Utkina ◽  
Nadiia S. Horobets
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Care Facilities

The aim: Characteristic of corruptive incomings laundering in the medical sphere and research of components for counteraction to this phenomenon. Materials and methods: Some methods were used to ensure the completeness and complexity of scientific research: dialectical, formal, legal, epistemological, and systemstructural methods. Conclusions: It was concluded that corruptive incomings laundering in the medical sphere is becoming commonplace. New ways, means, and schemes for the commission of this crime are appearing. The authors analyze the main methods for corruptive incomings laundering in the medical sphere: during the purchase of medicines and medical equipment, during the procurements of medical preparations and medical equipment, building restoration and renovation, where health care facilities are located, price-fixing and gifting of chief medical officers. A comprehensive system of organizational, legal, and economic measures must be formed that will provide effective counteraction to the corruptive incomings laundering in the medical sphere.

scholarly journals Determinan Pemilihan Tempat Persalinan di Puskesmas Tapin Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-211
Author(s):  
Lisda Handayani ◽  
Elvine Ivana Kabuhung ◽  
Yunita Afriani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Cost

Latar Belakang : Salah satu indikator persalinan bersih dan aman adalah pertolongan ditolong tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan (faskes). Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) bidang kesehatan tahun 2016 menyatakan target persalinan sesuai standar adalah 100%, sedangkan data Puskesmas tapin Utara menyebutkan persalinan di faskes sebesar 56,8% dan non faskes Sebanyak 43,2%. Dari data yang didapat disimpulkan bahwa persalinan di wilayah puskesmas Tapin Utara belum mencapai target SPM bidang kesehatan. Tujuan : Menganalisis determinan pemilihan tempat persalinan oleh ibu bersalin diwilayah puskesmas Tapin Utara.Metode : Penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel  dengan tekhnik total sampling sebanyak 62 ibu bersalin selama januari 2017. Analisis bivariat digunakan Uji chi square dan analisis multivariat regresi lostik bergandaHasil : Gambaran pemilihan tempat persalinan oleh ibu bersalin diwilayah puskesmas tapin utara adalah ibu bersalin di faskes (43,5%) dan non faskes (56,5%). Determinan pemilihan tempat persalinan adalah budaya (p=0,000), Pemeriksaan Kehamilan (p=0,001), pengetahuan(p=0,000), dan Biaya persalinan (p=0,001), sedang yang bukan merupakan determinan pemilihan tempat persalinan adalah pendapatan (p=0,154), akses ibu ke faskes (p=0,207) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,439). Determinan paling dominan adalah biaya persalinan (p=0,008, OR=11,712).Simpulan : Determinan pemilihan tempat persalinan di wilayah puskesmas tapin utara adalah budaya, pemeriksaan kehamilan, pengetahuan dan biaya sedangkan yang bukan determinan adalah pendapatan, akses ke faskes dan dukungan keluarga. Determinan paling dominan adalah biaya persalinan.Kata kunci : Tempat Persalinan, Budaya, Pemeriksaan Kehamilan, Pengetahuan, Pendapatan, Biaya Persalinan, Akses ibu ke Faskes dan dukungan keluarga.                                                  Abstract:Background : Maternal mortality rate still high because delivery is not at health facilities. Information of north tapin central public health said there had been 470 delivery and while non health facilities about 43,2 % .For which figures obtained concludea that delivery in district tapin not reached target public health years 2016 who was targeted delivery service at health facilities appropriate standard 100 % service. Objective : analysis determinant factors relating to the selection of the place of birth in the puskesmas Tapin utara.Methods : Quantitative research by approach cross sectional . Sampling used total sampling about 62 delivered in january 2017 .The stastik used is chi square and regression lostik simple.Result : there are 43,5 % mother who has deivery  at health care  facilities, while the non health care  facilities are 56.5 %. Correlation factors of  cultural deals namely p = 0,000 value , the anc p = 0,001 value , p value knowledge = 0,000 , delivery fees p = 0,001 value , p income = 0,154 value , mother access to health care facilities p = 0,315 value , and support the family p = 0,411 value .Value the ordi highest of the results of the test stastik safinat logistic regression simple namely the cost factor of 11,712 childbirth.Conclusion : The result of 7 factor in some 4 factors that there are dealing with the selection namely the delivery: cultural factors , a pregnancy , knowledge , and the delivery fee .The cost factor a factor most dominant dealing with the selection the delivery Keywords : The delivery , culture , pregnancy, knowledge , income , the delivery fee , access health care, support by family

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