scholarly journals The effects of temperature and pH change on the snapping sound characteristic of Alpheus edwardsii

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3(SI)) ◽  
pp. 832-839
Author(s):  
K.S. Lai ◽  
◽  
Z.Z. Goh ◽  
S.M. Ghazali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Snapping Shrimp ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Snapping Shrimps

Aim: The current study undertook manipulative experiments to observe changes in snapping shrimp sound signals in relation to temperature and pH changes. Methodology: Sounds of intertidal snapping shrimp (Alpheus edwardsii) sequentially exposed to different temperature/pH treatments manipulation for a period of 2 week each, were recorded in the laboratory and analysed. The acoustic characteristics of snapping sound signal were examined to relate to the change in temperature, pH and combination of both parameters. Results: Our results showed that there was a significant reduction in the frequency of peak amplitude of snapping sound wave following a two week exposure to a combination of temperature and pH treatments. The frequency of snapping shrimp sound decreased by approximately 30% when exposed to a 2°C increase in temperature and a 0.7 unit decrease in pH, however, elevated temperature alone caused no significant effect on the peak frequency of snapping shrimp sound. Interpretation: The finding suggests that following the prediction values of temperature and pH changes due to climate change in the coming century may implicate the ambient noise at habitats where snapping shrimps dominate.

The effects of temperature increases on a temperate phytoplankton community — A mesocosm climate change scenario

2010 ◽  
Vol 383 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majbritt Kjeldahl Lassen ◽  
Kathryn Dewar Nielsen ◽  
Katherine Richardson ◽  
Kristine Garde ◽  
Louise Schlüter
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Protolytic Reactions in Photosystem II: a New Model for the Release of Protons Accompanying the Photooxidation of Water

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satham Saphon ◽  
Antony R. Crofts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Benzyl Viologen ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cresol Red ◽  
Indicator Dye

Using pH indicator dye techniques we have investigated the pH changes in dark-adapted chloro- plasts following excitation by short flashes. Two types of pH indicator, cresol red and neutral red, were used, to follow the pH changes either inside or outside the thylakoids, or the net change when the membrane was made permeable to protons by uncoupling agents. (1)With cresol red which showed the net pH changes inside and outside the thylakoids, an oscillation of the flash yield of H+ occurred with a periodicity of 4 (minima on the first and fifth flashes, the yield on the third being not significantly different from the yields on the second and fourth flashes). The pH changes did not occur in synchrony with O2-evolution. (2)The net flash yields without addition of electron acceptor were similar to those with benzyl- viologen. The results were comparable with those obtained with the glass electrode technique by Fowler and Kok (C. F. Fowler and B. Kok, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 357, 299 - 307 [1974]). (3)The net flash yields with ferricyanide as electron acceptor of photosystem I were higher than those in the absence of acceptor, or with benzylviologen. On the first and fifth flashes a net acidification was always observed. (4)In the presence of 3- (3,4-dichlorphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) a rapid acidification also occured on the first flash, while the pH changes induced by subsequent flashes were inhibited. (5)The uncoupler methylamine did not inhibit the proton uptake outside the thylakoids. (6)With neutral red as indicator for the net pH change inside and outside the thylakoids, the same oscillation of the flash yield occured as with cresol red. (7)With neutral red in the precense of an external buffer, as a pH indicator for the internal aqueous phase alone, an oscillation of the flash yield with a periodicity of 4 also occured. The first and second flash yields were higher compared with the third than the equivalent yields of oxygen. (8)We discuss the results with respect to a model for the release of protons in the water- splitting enzyme reactions, in which protons are not released in synchrony with O2 , but in the transitions of all the states of the watersplitting enzyme with the exception of S1 → S2 . Our results are consistent with this model when account is taken of the release of protons inside the thylakoids with a periodicity of 2, associated with electron transfer from reduced plastoquinone.

Shallow‐water ambient noise from snapping shrimp and dolphins

1998 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1825-1826
Author(s):  
Whitlow W. L. Au ◽  
Marc O. Lammers ◽  
Kiara Banks
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Snapping Shrimp

Accounting for adaptation in assessing impact of climatic variations on crop yields: an empirical study of Arizona

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Input Use ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The goal of this paper is to analyze the impacts of climatic variation around current normals on crop yields and explore corresponding adaptation effects in Arizona, using a unique panel data. The empirical results suggest that both fertilizer use and irrigation are important adaptations to climate change in crop production. Fertilizer use has a positive impact on crop yields as expected. When accounting for irrigation and its interaction with temperature, a moderate temperature increase tends to be beneficial to both cotton and hay yields. The empirical model in this paper features with two methodological innovations, identifying the effects of temperature change conditional on adaptations and incorporating potential spatial spillover effects among input use.

scholarly journals Temporal changes of lysosome and phagosome pH during phagolysosome formation in macrophages: studies by fluorescence spectroscopy.

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Geisow ◽  
P D'Arcy Hart ◽  
M R Young
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Indicator Dyes ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Intravascular pH was measured within the lysosomes and newly formed phagosomes in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages. The kinetics of pH change in both vacuolar systems was quantitatively determined within a large cell population by fluorescence spectroscopy. Additionally, pH changes within individual phagosomes were followed semiquantitatively using indicator dyes. Two novel findings were made. Firstly, the pH in new phagosomes was transiently driven alkaline (higher than physiological) even when the external medium was buffered at pH 6.5. Secondly, perturbations of phagosome-lysosome fusion had little effect upon phagosomal pH changes, even though the compounds used markedly altered the pH of the lysosomes in resting and phagocytosing cells.

scholarly journals The role of temperature and dispersal in moss-microarthropod community assembly after a catastrophic event

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1605) ◽  
pp. 3042-3049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Perdomo ◽  
Paul Sunnucks ◽  
Ross M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Habitat Isolation ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

There is a clear crisis in the maintenance of biodiversity. It has been generated by a multitude of factors, notably habitat loss, now compounded by the effects of climate change. Predicted changes in climate include increased severity and frequency of extreme climatic events. To manage landscapes, an understanding of the processes that allow recovery from these extreme events is required. Understanding these landscape-scale processes of community assembly and disassembly is hindered by the large scales at which they operate. Model systems provide a means of studying landscape scale processes at tractable scales. Here, we assess the combined effects of temperature and habitat-patch isolation on assembly of naturally diverse moss microarthropod communities after a high-temperature event. We show that community assembly depends on temperature and on degree of habitat isolation. Heated communities were heavily dominated in abundance by two species, one of them relatively large. The resulting size-structure is unlike that seen in the field. Community composition in habitat fragments appears also to have been influenced by the source pool of recolonizing fauna. Our results highlight the value of dispersal in disturbed landscapes and the potential for habitat connectivity to buffer communities from the effects of climate change.

scholarly journals A general model for effects of temperature on ectotherm ontogenetic growth and development

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1734) ◽  
pp. 1840-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyun Zuo ◽  
Melanie E. Moses ◽  
Geoffrey B. West ◽  
Chen Hou ◽  
James H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
General Model ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The temperature size rule (TSR) is the tendency for ectotherms to develop faster but mature at smaller body sizes at higher temperatures. It can be explained by a simple model in which the rate of growth or biomass accumulation and the rate of development have different temperature dependence. The model accounts for both TSR and the less frequently observed reverse-TSR, predicts the fraction of energy allocated to maintenance and synthesis over the course of development, and also predicts that less total energy is expended when developing at warmer temperatures for TSR and vice versa for reverse-TSR. It has important implications for effects of climate change on ectothermic animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document