A study on the growth factors of social commerce in the COVID-19 situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Dong-Heui Choi ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Tucker ◽  
N. S. More ◽  
S. Jayaraman

The mechanisms by which polypeptide growth factors Induce DNA synthesis in cultured cells is not understood, but morphological changes Induced by growth factors have been used as clues to Intracellular messengers responsible for growth stimulation. One such morphological change has been the transient disappearance of the primary cilium, a “9 + 0” cilium formed by the perinuclear centriole in interphase cells. Since calcium ionophore A23187 also produced both mitogenesis and ciliary changes, microtubule depolymerization might explain ciliary disappearance monitored by indirect immunofluorescence with anti-tubulin antibody. However, complete resorption and subsequent reformation of the primary cilium occurs at mitosis, and might also account for ciliary disappearance induced by growth factors. To settle this issue, we investigated the ultrastructure of the primary cilium using serial thin-section electron microscopy of quiescent BALB/c 3T3 cells before and after stimulation with serum.


2002 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. R. Merry ◽  
John T. Gallagher

Heparan sulphate (HS) is an essential co-receptor for a number of growth factors, morphogens and adhesion proteins. The biosynthetic modifications involved in the generation of a mature HS chain may determine the strength and outcome of HS–ligand interactions. These modifications are catalysed by a complex family of enzymes, some of which occur as multiple gene products. Various mutant mice have now been generated, which lack the function of isolated components of the HS biosynthetic pathway. In this discussion, we outline the key findings of these studies, and use them to put into context our own work concerning the structure of the HS generated by the Hs2st-/- mice.


2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 365-365
Author(s):  
Tamer M. Said ◽  
Shyam Allamaneni ◽  
Kiran P. Nallella ◽  
Rakesh K. Sharma ◽  
Mohamed A. Bedaiwy ◽  
...  
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