scholarly journals Lustration in Europe and Serbia: The motivation for passing the laws on lustration and their social functions

Sociologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-306
Author(s):  
Milan Cakic
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Justice ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Opening Section

The main topic of this article are the motives that led to the adoption of lustration laws in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Serbia, and their social functions. In the opening section, lustration is placed in the wider framework of dealing with the past and two possible approaches to the phenomenon are discussed: to take it as part of the broader process of decommunization, or a measure of transitional justice. In the next section an attempt at defining the concept of lustration is made, with a view to eliminating some ambiguities surrounding it. Subsequently, two partially complementary theoretical models explaining the occurrence, form and severity of dealing with the past and lustration are presented. After that comes the description of the socio-political context at the time of the adoption of lustration laws in the three countries and identification of political and ideological forces that have supported or challenged it. Finally, the article attempts to answer the question whether lustration is a legitimate measure of settling historical justice, overcoming the legacies of socialism, a way to strengthen liberal democracy, or merely a tool in political struggles for power.

Transitional Justice and Changing Memories of the Past in Central Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Roman David
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Memories of wrongdoings are often viewed as an obstacle to reconciliation in divided societies. Is it due to the past or the present politics of the past? To examine the dilemma of essentialism versus presentism, this article investigates the impact of transitional justice on memories of wrongdoing. It theorizes that using different transitional justice strategies to deal with the same wrongdoing shapes memories in different ways. The theory is tested via vignette-based surveys in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, which adopted distinct lustration laws. The results show that wrongdoing is viewed through lustration laws, reflecting present power constellations, not history.

scholarly journals Transitional Justice and Democratic Consolidation in the Post-Communist Space: A Comparative Review of the Czech Republic, Latvia and Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Yerkebulan Sairambay
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Comparative Review

Abstract In this comparative review, I first evaluate scholarly findings attempting to dis/prove a relationship between transitional justice and the consolidation of democracy. Second, I outline several criteria for ‘democratic’ transitional justice in order to be able to judge transitional justice policies. Third, I examine and judge transitional justice policies of the Czech Republic, Latvia and Slovakia by these criteria. Last, I argue that transitional justice is neither a prerequisite for the successful consolidation of democracy nor inherently democratic unless it is carried out in coordination with the ideals of liberal democracy, which might support the achievement of peace and societal stability in a transition period.

THE CHALLENGES OF LIBERAL DEMOCRACY IN THE GROWTH OF POPULISM: CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
O. V. Hryhoriev
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
The Czech Republic

The features of democratic transit in the Czech Republic are analyzed. The defects of Czech democracy are investigated. Compared to the trajectories of the non-liberal turn of the Czech Republic and Hungary and Poland. The main manifestations of deformation of liberal democracy are analyzed. The main threats to liberal democracy in the Czech Republic have been identified.

Decommissioning of Obsolete Nuclear Facilities in the UJV Rez, a. s.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Tous ◽  
Josef Podlaha
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Nuclear Research Institute ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dry Ice Blasting

More than 55 years of activities in the company UJV Rez, a. s. (Nuclear Research Institute Rez a.s. in the past) which is a leading institution in all areas of nuclear R&D in the Czech Republic and had a dominant position in the nuclear program since it was established (1955), there are several obsolete nuclear facilities that shall be decommissioned. The total amount of radioactive waste (RAW) resulting from decommissioning for the next processing will be ∼ 1500 m3 and the expected amount RAW for releasing into the environment is 240 tons after the decontamination. For the RAW processing several decontamination methods such as high press water jetting, chemical treating in ultrasonic bath, dry ice blasting and abrasive blasting were performed. Decommissioning started in 2003 and will be finished in 2016. This decommissioning of nuclear facilities in UJV is the only ongoing decommissioning project in the Czech Republic.

Social Policy in the Czech “Republic”: The Past and the Future of Reforms

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Večerník
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Scene

The article describes the development of Czech policy after 1989 and the controversies it caused. It first looks at the ambiguous nature of the communist welfare state and then proceeds to outline the theoretical alternatives. After early and energetic changes in the system, stagnation set in around the mid-1990s. Despite some problems, the current performance of the system is satisfactory, but its outlook in terms of long-term efficiency is unsatisfactory, as it will generate a rising debt into the future. In particular, the disadvantaged situation for families, the insufficient work motivation, and the frozen pension system are all causes for concern. The political shift to the right after 2006 ushered in reform measures and new reform plans. While reforms are necessary, their feasibility is uncertain owing to the fragility of the Czech political scene.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF THE CITIZENS OF POLAND AND CZECH REPUBLIC WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT ALL-EUROPEAN LINGUISTIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 512-523
Author(s):  
Yevhen Gromov ◽  
Alla Kolomiiets ◽  
Natalia Lazarenko ◽  
Olesia Zhovnych ◽  
Liliia Biretska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Nature

The comparative analysis of the foreign language competence among the citizens of Poland and Czech Republic has been accomplished. The received findings were compared with current observations of all-European linguistic tendencies. Having analysed various statistics the authors succeeded in assembling the social portrait of an average multilingual European. The authors have also considered the fact that over the past years the official percentage of multilingual citizens, both in Poland and the Czech Republic, has significantly decreased due to intensive emigration processes. In the authors’ opinion, this problem is mostly of the socio-economic nature and demonstrates rather not the weakness of educational systems, but the ability of educational institutions of both countries to prepare competitive specialists who are able (due to the high level of foreign language competence) to find decent job in the labour-market of the United Europe. It has also been stated that since the foreign language competence has become a professional and cultural prerequisite for creation of the unified globalized Europe, and multilingualism has become a part of the European identity, the future specialists’ foreign language training in Ukraine should be conducted precisely taking into account the prospects of European integration.

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