scholarly journals Very early increase in nitric oxide formation and oxidative cell damage associated with the reduction of tissue oxygenation is a trait of blast casualties

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Zunic ◽  
Predrag Romic ◽  
Marina Vuceljic ◽  
Olivera Jovanikic
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blast Injury ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Blast Injuries ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Limits

Background. In our previous experimental studies, we found evidence for the increase of nitric oxide (NO) formation immediately after blast injury. In the present study we investigated whether NO overproduction was a trait for the period immediately after blast injury in humans. Concomitant metabolic disturbances were also studied, and compared to the alterations in other traumatized patients. Methods. Blast casualties (group B, n = 13), surgical patients with the hip replacement or fractures, not exposed to blast effects (group S, n = 7) and healthy volunteers as controls (group C, n = 10), were examined. Both arterial and venous blood samples were taken within 6 hours, and 24 hours after blast injuries or surgical procedures, respectively. Plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), superoxyde anion (O2.-), sulfhydrils (SH), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as acid-base status and other biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, total proteins, albumin) were measured. Results. Significant, but transient increase in plasma NOx levels occurred only in group B. It was associated with the significant increase of hemoglobin oxygen (sO2) saturation of the venous blood and the concomitant decrease of its arterial - venous difference. In group S the venous sO2 decreased, its arterial - venous difference increased, while NOx levels were within the control limits. In both groups, other parameters of arterial acid-base status were kept within the control limits throughout the examined period. The decrease of SH levels were similar in the examined groups, while the increase of O2 .- was greater in group B. Conclusion. Early NO overproduction was a trait of blast injuries in humans, contributing to the reduction of tissue the oxygenation and intensifying the oxidative cell damage that had to be considered in the therapy of casualties with blast injuries. These alterations were different from those observed in other surgical patients without blast injuries.

Influence of changes in cardiac output on the acid-base status of arterial and mixed venous blood

1987 ◽  
Vol 410 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Hoogeveen ◽  
J. P. Zock ◽  
P. Rispens ◽  
W. G. Zijlstra
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mixed Venous Blood ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Mixed Venous

Assessing Acid-Base Status in Circulatory Failure. Differences Between Arterial and Central Venous Blood

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. ADROGUE ◽  
N. RASHAD ◽  
A. B. GORIN ◽  
J. YACOUB ◽  
N. E. MADIAS
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Circulatory Failure ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Central Venous Blood ◽  
Acid Base Status

235 THE EFFECTS OF NG-NITRO L-ARGININE METHYL ESTER (L-NAME) ON ACID-BASE STATUS IN ARTERIAL AND VENOUS BLOOD IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK

Shock ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
G. Zunic ◽  
Z. Todorović ◽  
M. Prostran ◽  
S. Vujnov ◽  
J. Savić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status

Intracellular and extracellular acid-base status and H+ exchange with the environment after exhaustive exercise in the rainbow trout

1986 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Milligan ◽  
C. M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exhaustive exercise induced a severe short-lived (0–1 h) respiratory, and longer-lived (0–4 h) metabolic, acidosis in the extracellular fluid of the rainbow trout. Blood ‘lactate’ load exceeded blood ‘metabolic acid’ load from 1–12 h after exercise. Over-compensation occurred, so that by 8–12 h, metabolic alkalosis prevailed, but by 24 h, resting acid-base status had been restored. Acid-base changes were similar, and lactate levels identical, in arterial and venous blood. However, at rest venous RBC pHi was significantly higher than arterial (7.42 versus 7.31). After exercise, arterial RBC pHi remained constant, whereas venous RBC pHi fell significantly (to 7.18) but was fully restored by 1 h. Resting mean whole-body pHi, measured by DMO distribution, averaged approx. 7.25 at a pHe of approx. 7.82 and fell after exercise to a low of 6.78 at a pHe of approx. 7.30. Whole-body pHi was slower to recover than pHe, requiring up to 12 h, with no subsequent alkalosis. Whole-body ECFV decreased by about 70 ml kg-1 due to a fluid shift into the ICF. Net H+ excretion to the water increased 1 h after exercise accompanied by an elevation in ammonia efflux. At 8–12 h, H+ excretion was reduced to resting levels and at 12–24 h, a net H+ uptake occurred. Lactate excretion amounted to approx. 1% of the net H+ excretion and only approx. 2% of the whole blood load. Only a small amount of the anaerobically produced H+ in the ICF appeared in the ECF and subsequently in the water. By 24 h, all the H+ excreted had been taken back up, thus correcting the extracellular alkalosis. The bulk of the H+ load remained intracellular, to be cleared by aerobic metabolism.

scholarly journals Central venous blood gas and acid-base status in conscious dogs and cats

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 865-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun TAMURA ◽  
Takaharu ITAMI ◽  
Tomohito ISHIZUKA ◽  
Sho FUKUI ◽  
Kenjirou MIYOSHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Central Venous Blood ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Venous Blood Gas

scholarly journals Acid-base regulation in exercising squid (Illex illecebrosus, Loligo pealei)

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (1) ◽  
pp. R239-R246 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Portner ◽  
D. M. Webber ◽  
R. G. Boutilier ◽  
R. K. O'Dor
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
High Pco2 ◽  
Oxygen Binding ◽  
Intracellular Acidosis ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Classical Function ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Loligo Pealei

Squid (Illex illecebrosus, Loligo pealei) were cannulated in the vena cava and swum in a Beamish-type respirometer. Gas tensions and acid-base variables as well as octopine levels were estimated in samples of the mantle and of venous blood collected from quiescent, exercised, and recovered animals. When exhausted, both species exhibited a decrease in vena cava oxygen tensions and a slight alkalosis. With high swimming speeds prior to exhaustion in Illex a slight acidosis developed in the blood, which was linked to a severe intracellular acidosis. Generally, the drop in intracellular pH was linearly correlated with octopine accumulation in this species. Metabolic proton (and end-product) release from the mantle, however, was minimal, thus protecting arterial oxygen binding. High PCO2 values in the mantle of both species lead to the conclusion that the vena cava values analyzed in this and all literature studies on unrestrained cephalopods may not reflect the scope of respiratory acid-base changes in venous blood. Although metabolic changes in blood acid-base status are negligible, the respiratory acidification of venous mantle blood may allow for a classical function of Bohr and Haldane effects in these animals.

EFFECT OF TIME OFF FEED ON BLOOD ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS IN PIGS DIFFERING IN THEIR REACTION TO HALOTHANE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. SCHAEFER ◽  
H. DOORNENBAL ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
A. C. MURRAY ◽  
A. P. SATHER
Keyword(s):  
Base Excess ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Muscle Rigidity ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Base Stability ◽  
Breed Crosses

In an effort to elucidate physiological factors involved in the development of pale-soft-exudative pork, blood acid base status was assessed in swine from two genetic lines of pigs and their F1 cross. The lines consisted of: (1) pigs that reacted positively (skeletal muscle rigidity) to the respiratory administration of halothane (halothane positive (H+)) based on Pietrain × Lacombe breed crosses, (2) Purebred Lacombe pigs that did not react positively to halothane anesthesia (Lac) and (3) pigs which were the progeny of crossbreeding (C) between halothane positive and negative animals. In addition, time off feed prior to slaughter (0, 24 or 48 h) was imposed as a stressor in order to test response differences among the three lines. The venous blood PCO2, total CO2, bicarbonate ion levels, standard bicarbonate and base excess levels were found to be higher in the H + pigs compared to either Lac or C pigs. All pig lines displayed higher blood pH, total CO2, bicarbonate ion, standard bicarbonate and base excess yet lower PO2 at 24 h off feed compared to 0 h off feed. These data suggest that H+ pigs have a greater tendency toward hypercapnia and a blood base excess than either Lac or C pigs. In addition, the incidence of hypercapnia and blood base excess for H +, Lac and C pigs was greatest at 24 h off feed. Key words: Acid-base stability, pig genotypes, fasting

The effect of physostigmine on acid-base status in arterial and venous blood of anaesthetized rabbits following hypovolemic shock

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Žunić ◽  
Jovan Savić ◽  
Milica Prostran ◽  
Vladislav Varagić ◽  
Stojanka Vujnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hypovolemic Shock ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document