The Exact Measurement of Welfare Losses Which Result from Trade Taxes

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhanan Helpman
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Exact Measurement

Evaluation of left atrial size and function – from M-mode to 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (41) ◽  
pp. 1624-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Nemes ◽  
Tamás Forster
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Left Atrial Size ◽  
Dynamic Motion ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
Atrial Size ◽  
Exact Measurement ◽  
Heart Cycle ◽  
And Function

Left atrium is not a passive heart chamber, because it has a dynamic motion respecting heart cycle and, in accordance with its stretching, it releases atrial natriuretic peptides. Since in the course of certain invasive procedures the size of left atrium may change substantially, its exact measurement and functional characterization are essential. The aim of the present review is to summarize echocardiographic methods for the assessment of left atrial size and functional parameters. Orv. Hetil., 2014. 155(41), 1624–1631.

Quantification of Biological Resistance: Introducing a Unifying Unit and Scale of Resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Fullybright
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Biological Resistance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Exact Measurement ◽  
Unit Function ◽  
Third Law ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Accurate quantification of biological resistance has been impossible so far. Among the various forms of biological resistance which exist in nature, pathogen resistance to drugs is a familiar one. However, as in the case of other forms of resistance, accurately quantifying drug resistance in pathogens has been impossible up to now. Here, we introduce a mathematically-defined and uniform procedure for the absolute quantification of biological resistance deployed by any living organism in the biological realm, including and beyond drug resistance in medicine. The scheme introduced makes possible the exact measurement or computation of the extent to which resistance is deployed by any living organism regardless of kingdom and regardless of the mechanism of resistance involved. Furthermore, the Second Law of Resistance indicating that resistance has the potential to increase to infinite levels, and the Third Law of Resistance indicating that resistance comes to an end once interaction stops, the resistance unit function introduced here is fully compatible with both the Second and Third Laws of Resistance.

Do minimum trading capacities for the cross-zonal exchange of electricity lead to welfare losses?

Energy Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 112030
Author(s):  
David Schönheit ◽  
Constantin Dierstein ◽  
Dominik Möst
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Losses ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Life-cycle welfare losses from rules-of-thumb asset allocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 109655
Author(s):  
Fabio C. Bagliano ◽  
Carolina Fugazza ◽  
Giovanna Nicodano
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Rules Of Thumb

Monopoly welfare losses and elasticity

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim James ◽  
Jolian McHardy
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Losses

scholarly journals Designing Competition Policy for Telecommunications

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen O. Robinson ◽  
Dennis L. Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Competition Policy ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Dynamic Efficiency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competitive Outcome ◽  
Static Efficiency ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Network Sharing

This paper explores the role of the essential facilities doctrine in circumscribing the scope of network sharing obligations in telecommunications. Among other things it argues that a proper application of the doctrine of essential facilities should recognize the prominence of dynamic over static efficiency in promoting consumer welfare. Regulators may be averse to recognizing these tradeoffs because unlike the behavior of prices the welfare losses from foregone innovation may be unobservable to the regulators' constituency. Moreover, an emphasis on dynamic efficiency requires the short-term regulator to take the "long view" – fostering the competitive process rather than emulating the competitive outcome.

scholarly journals A Novel Murine Model for theIn VivoStudy of Transdermal Drug Penetration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Erős ◽  
Petra Hartmann ◽  
Szilvia Berkó ◽  
Eszter Csizmazia ◽  
Erzsébet Csányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Penetration ◽  
Titanium Plate ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Exact Measurement ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Transdermal Penetration

Enhancement of the transdermal penetration of different active agents is an important research goal. Our aim was to establish a novelin vivoexperimental model which provides a possibility for exact measurement of the quantity of penetrated drug. The experiments were performed on SKH-1 hairless mice. A skin fold in the dorsal region was fixed with two fenestrated titanium plates. A circular wound was made on one side of the skin fold. A metal cylinder with phosphate buffer was fixed into the window of the titanium plate. The concentration of penetrated drug was measured in the buffer. The skin fold was morphologically intact and had a healthy microcirculation. The drug appeared in the acceptor buffer after 30 min, and its concentration exhibited a continuous increase. The presence of ibuprofen was also detected in the plasma. In conclusion, this model allows an exactin vivostudy of drug penetration and absorption.

scholarly journals Infodemics: Do healthcare professionals detect corona-related false news stories better than students?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Gruener ◽  
Felix Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Analytical Thinking ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
False News ◽  
A Minor

False news stories cause welfare losses and fatal health consequences. To limit its dissemination, it is essential to know what determines the ability to distinguish between true and false news stories. In our experimental study, we present the subjects corona-related stories taken from the media from various categories (e.g. social isolation, economic consequences, direct health consequences, and “bullshit”). The task is to evaluate the stories as true or false. Besides students with and without healthcare background, we recruit healthcare professionals to increase the external validity of our study. Our main findings are: (i) Healthcare professionals perform similar to students in correctly distinguishing between true and false news stories. (ii) The propensity to engage in analytical thinking and actively open-minded thinking is positively associated with the ability to distinguish between true and false. (iii) We find that the residence of the subjects (East- or West-Germany) plays only a minor role. (iv) If narratives contradict the content of a story, subjects tend to think that the stories are wrong.

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