scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of the molar movements following Pendulum and fixed appliances

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Caprioglio ◽  
Mattia Fontana ◽  
Elena Longoni ◽  
Mauro Cozzani
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Long Term Observation

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the molar movements and skeletal changes associated with Pendulum-fixed appliance treatment and the long-term postretention period. Subjects and Methods: The treatment sample consisted of 76 Class II patients, 35 males and 41 females. Lateral cephalograms were obtained at the start of treatment (T1); the end of distalization (T2); the end of orthodontic fixed appliance therapy (T3); and long-term observation (7 years 2 months later; T4). Mean age was 12 years 11 months at T1, 13 years 8 months at T2, 15 years 4 months at T3, and 22 years 5 months at T4. The average amount of Class II molar relationship was 3.1 mm, with a mean overjet of 5.9 mm at the beginning of treatment. A paired t-test was used to identify significant between-group differences between T2–T4 and T3–T4. Results: Distal molar movement was obtained during the distalization phase (T2), and more than half of the distalizing effect was maintained at the end of maxillary growth (T4). Most of the relapse occurred during fixed appliance therapy (T3), whereas no significant change was detected in the postretention period (T4). The molar relationship did not show any significant difference between T2 and T4. The vertical facial dimension increased during the distalization phase (T2) and fixed appliance therapy (T3) but returned to the initial values during the postretention period (T4). Conclusions: The Pendulum appliance induces significant dentoalveolar effects, which can be partially maintained during the long-term period. The Class I molar relationship does not change during completion of individual growth. Increase in vertical facial dimension represents a temporary effect.

scholarly journals Class II subdivision treatment with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device vs intermaxillary elastics

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isil Aras ◽  
Aylin Pasaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatments implemented in combination with Forsus or intermaxillary elastics in Class II subdivision subjects. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight Class II subdivision patients were allocated to two groups using matched randomization: Forsus group (mean age, 14.19 ± 1.02 years) and elastics group (mean age, 13.75 ± 1.16 years). Patients received fixed appliance therapy in combination with either Forsus or intermaxillary elastics. The study was conducted on lateral cephalograms and digital models acquired before orthodontic treatment and 10–12 weeks after the fixed appliances were removed. Results: The treatment phase comprising the use of Forsus (4.53 ± 0.91 months) was significantly shorter compared with elastics application (6.85 ± 1.08 months). This was also true for comparing duration of overall comprehensive treatment in both groups. Extrusion and palatal tipping of maxillary incisors and clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane were greater in the elastics group (P < .05). The mandibular incisors were proclined in both groups (P < .001), but no significant difference was observed between groups (P > .05). The mandibular incisors showed intrusion in the Forsus group and extrusion in the elastics group; the difference between groups was significant (P < .05). Overbite was decreased in both groups (P < .001) in similar amounts. Improvement in overjet, mandibular midline deviation, and correction of molar relationship on the Class II side were greater in the Forsus group (P < .05). Conclusion: Forsus is more effective for correcting Class II subdivision malocclusion in a shorter treatment period with minimal patient compliance required.

scholarly journals Long-Term Outcomes of Class III Treatment with Mandibular Cervical Headgear Followed by Fixed Appliances

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziano Baccetti ◽  
Diego Rey ◽  
Giovanni Oberti ◽  
Franka Stahl ◽  
James A. McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the stability of the outcomes of mandibular cervical headgear (MCH) and fixed appliance–treated Class III patients at a long-term posttreatment (5 years) observation, compared with well-matched untreated Class III controls, following a previous report on the short-term outcomes of this protocol. Materials and Methods: The treated group consisted of 20 patients with dentoskeletal Class III malocclusions treated with a two-phase protocol consisting of MCH and fixed appliances, while the control group comprised 18 untreated subjects with similar dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms of both patients and controls were analyzed at two time points: posttreatment (PT), after two-phase treatment; and long term (LT). All patients were at a postpubertal stage of skeletal maturity at PT, and they showed CS6 at LT, thus revealing completion of pubertal craniofacial growth. Results: In the long term, the treatment group showed significantly smaller values for mandibular length (Co-Gn), SNB angle, maxillomandibular differential, and molar relation. When compared with the controls, the treated patients exhibited also greater values for ANB angle, Wits appraisal, and overjet at LT. No significant difference between the two groups was found for the changes occurring from PT to LT. Conclusions: Favorable dentoskeletal outcomes induced by MCH and fixed appliances remained stable in the long term; untreated Class III malocclusion did not show any tendency toward self-improvement during the postpubertal interval.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of long-term dentoskeletal effects induced by treatment with Balters bionator

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Bigliazzi ◽  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
André Pinheiro de Magalhães Bertoz ◽  
James A. McNamara ◽  
Kurt Faltin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
Mandibular Retrusion ◽  
Shape Changes

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the long-term effects of the standard (Class II) Balters bionator in growing patients with Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion by using morphometrics (thin-plate spline [TPS] analysis). Materials and Methods:  Twenty-three Class II patients (8 male, 15 female) were treated consecutively with the Balters bionator (bionator group). The sample was evaluated at T0, start of treatment; T1, end of bionator therapy; and T2, long-term observation (including fixed appliances). Mean age at the start of treatment was 10 years 2 months (T0); at posttreatment, 12 years 3 months (T1); and at long-term follow-up, 18 years 2 months (T2). The control group consisted of 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female) with untreated Class II malocclusion. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed at the three time points for all groups. TPS analysis evaluated statistical differences (permutation tests) in the craniofacial shape and size between the bionator and control groups. Results:  TPS analysis showed that treatment with the bionator is able to produce favorable mandibular shape changes (forward and downward displacement) that contribute significantly to the correction of the Class II dentoskeletal imbalance. These results are maintained at a long-term observation after completion of growth. The control group showed no statistically significant differences in the correction of Class II malocclusion. Conclusions:  This study suggests that bionator treatment of Class II malocclusion produces favorable results over the long term with a combination of skeletal and dentoalveolar shape changes.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal changes in patients with mandibular retrognathism following treatment with Herbst and pre-adjusted fixed appliance

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio de Abreu Vigorito ◽  
Gladys Cristina Dominguez ◽  
Luís Antônio de Arruda Aidar
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism

OBJECTIVE: To assess the dentoskeletal changes observed in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients with mandibular retrognathism. Treatment was performed with the Herbst orthopedic appliance during 13 months (phase I) and pre-adjusted orthodontic fixed appliance (phase II). METHODS: Lateral cephalograms of 17 adolescents were taken in phase I onset (T1) and completion (T2); in the first thirteen months of phase II (T3) and in phase II completion (T4). Differences among the cephalometric variables were statistically analyzed (Bonferroni variance and multiple comparisons). RESULTS: From T1 to T4, 42% of overall maxillary growth was observed between T1 and T2 (P < 0.01), 40.3% between T2 and T3 (P < 0.05) and 17.7% between T3 and T4 (n.s.). As for overall mandibular movement, 48.2% was observed between T1 and T2 (P < 0.001) and 51.8% between T2 and T4 (P < 0.01) of which 15.1% was observed between T2 and T3 (n.s.) and 36.7% between T3 and T4 (P < 0.01). Class II molar relationship and overjet were properly corrected. The occlusal plane which rotated clockwise between T1 and T2, returned to its initial position between T2 and T3 remaining stable until T4. The mandibular plane inclination did not change at any time during treatment. CONCLUSION: Mandibular growth was significantly greater in comparison to maxillary, allowing sagittal maxillomandibular adjustment. The dentoalveolar changes (upper molar) that overcorrected the malocclusion in phase I, partially recurred in phase II, but did not hinder correction of the malocclusion. Facial type was preserved.

scholarly journals Treatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss comparisons of self-ligating and conventional brackets

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand M. Machibya ◽  
Xingfu Bao ◽  
Lihua Zhao ◽  
Min Hu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Anchorage Loss ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the treatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss among orthodontic patients treated by self-ligating brackets (SLBs) and conventional brackets (CBs). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study compared 34 patients (SLB group) treated by SmartClip brackets (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) to 35 patients (CB group) treated by conventional preadjusted Victory series brackets (3M Unitek) and ligated by stainless steel wire ligatures. Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed using Pancherz sagittal-occlusion analysis to obtain skeletal and dental changes in the maxilla and the mandible. The dental cast models were assessed by the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index for the treatment outcomes. Results: The mean treatment time for SLBs (19.19 months) did not show a statistically significant difference from 21.25 months of CBs; the treatment time and pretreatment PAR scores were strongly correlated. There was no difference in anchorage loss between the SLB and CB groups. There were significant dental and skeletal changes among adolescent orthodontic patients regardless of the bracket used. The lingual inclination of the mandibular incisors in the CB group was 3.62° more than in the SLB group (P &lt; .01). Conclusions: The treatment time and anchorage loss are not influenced by the type of bracket used. There are significant dental and skeletal changes among adolescent orthodontic patients regardless of the bracket used. There is significantly greater lingual inclination of mandibular incisors in the CB group than in the SLB group.

scholarly journals Long-term skeletal effects of high-pull headgear followed by fixed appliances for the treatment of Class II malocclusions

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-537
Author(s):  
E. Erin Bilbo ◽  
Steven D. Marshall ◽  
Karin A. Southard ◽  
Verrasathpurush Allareddy ◽  
Nathan Holton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Horizontal Growth ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Fixed Appliances

ABSTRACT Objectives: The long-term skeletal effects of Class II treatment in growing individuals using high-pull facebow headgear and fixed edgewise appliances have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term skeletal effects of treatment using high-pull headgear followed by fixed orthodontic appliances compared to an untreated control group. Materials and Methods: Changes in anteroposterior and vertical cephalometric measurements of 42 Class II subjects (n = 21, mean age = 10.7 years) before treatment, after headgear correction to Class I molar relationship, after treatment with fixed appliances, and after long-term retention (mean 4.1 years), were compared to similar changes in a matched control group (n = 21, mean age = 10.9 years) by multivariable linear regression models. Results: Compared to control, the study group displayed significant long-term horizontal restriction of A-point (SNA = −1.925°, P &lt; .0001; FH-NA = −3.042°, P &lt; .0001; linear measurement A-point to Vertical Reference = −3.859 mm, P &lt; .0001) and reduction of the ANB angle (−1.767°, P &lt; .0001), with no effect on mandibular horizontal growth or maxillary and mandibular vertical skeletal changes. A-point horizontal restriction and forward mandibular horizontal growth accompanied the study group correction to Class I molar, and these changes were stable long term. Conclusions: One phase treatment for Class II malocclusion with high-pull headgear followed by fixed orthodontic appliances resulted in correction to Class I molar through restriction of horizontal maxillary growth with continued horizontal mandibular growth and vertical skeletal changes unaffected. The anteroposterior molar correction and skeletal effects of this treatment were stable long term.

Comparison of Treatment Effects with Modified C-Palatal Plates vs Greenfield Molar Distalizer Appliances in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alfaifi ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Kiyoshi Tai ◽  
Ja Hyeong Ku ◽  
Nikhilesh R Vaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Molar Distalization ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maxillary Molar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

Objectives: The aim of study was to evaluate skeletodental and soft tissue treatment effects and the amount of maxillary molar distalization with modified C-palatal plates vs. Greenfield molar distalizer appliances in adolescents. Study design: The samples consisted of pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms collected from 39 patients with Class II malocclusion. The MCPP group was comprised of 21 patients (mean age: 11.7 ± 1.3 years) treated with MCPP appliances while the GMD group included 18 patients (mean age: 11.2 ± 0.9 years) treated with GMD. Fixed orthodontic treatment started with the distalization process in both groups. From each cephalograpm, twenty-nine variables were measured for analysis and then the two groups were compared. Descriptive statistics, a paired t-test, and multivariate analysis of variance were performed to compare the treatment effects within and between the groups. Results: There was significant treatmentrelated change in the sagittal position of the maxilla and the mandible within each group. However, there were no statistically significant inter-group differences. The mean maxillary first molar distalization was 3.96 mm in the MCPP group vs. 2.85 mm in the GMD group. Both groups showed minimal distal tipping, but the maxillary incisors were significantly extruded by 3.04 ± 0.89 mm (P &lt; .001) in GMD group. There was no significant difference in treatment duration between the groups. Conclusions: The maxillary first molars of both the MCPP and GMD groups were effectively distalized and there were significant skeletal changes in the maxilla. However, the maxillary incisors were significantly extruded in the GMD group.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion versus Twin Block appliance on mandibular growth in skeletal Class II patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Nan Zhang ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Cheng-Yi Huang ◽  
Chong Zhong ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Growth Changes

Abstract Background This is a retrospective study that compares mandibular growth changes in skeletal Class II patients treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and following fixed appliance with those patients treated by Twin-Block (TB) and following fixed appliance. Methods Fourteen patients treated by RME and following fixed appliance were included into the RME group. Fifteen patients treated by Twin-Block and following fixed appliance were included into the TB group. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken before treatment and immediately after fixed appliance treatment were used to evaluate mandibular growth effects. Results The starting forms of the patients in the two groups were examined to be of good comparability. The mandibular length increased significantly in both groups as measured by Co-Gn, Go-Gn and Ar-Gn, but the TB group didn’t show more mandibular growth than the RME group (P > 0.05). Skeletal changes of the mandible in vertical dimension were different in the two groups. The change in FMA was 0.35° in the RME group, while the change was 2.65° in the TB group (P < 0.001). The change in LAFH was 5.14 mm in the RME group, significantly smaller than the change of 10.19 mm in the TB group (P < 0.001). Conclusion The investigated Phase I treatment with RME followed by Phase II treatment of fixed appliance achieved the same increases in sagittal mandibular growth and facial profile improvements as the Twin-Block therapy. The treatment with RME followed by fixed appliance was better for vertical control, while the treatment with Twin-Block followed by fixed appliance significantly increased the mandibular plane angle.

scholarly journals The duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Jeelani ◽  
◽  
Mubassar Fida ◽  
Attiya Shaikh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Class I ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pubertal growth peak is closely associated with a rapid increase in mandibular length and offers a wide range of therapeutic modifiability. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the mean ages of onset and duration of pubertal growth peak among three skeletal classes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using lateral cephalograms of 230 subjects with growth potential (110 males, 120 females). Subjects were categorized into three classes (Class I = 81, Class II = 82, Class III = 67), according to the sagittal relationship established between the maxilla and the mandible. The cervical vertebral maturation stage was recorded by means of Baccetti's method. The mean ages at CS3 and CS4 and the CS3-CS4 age interval were compared between boys and girls and among three skeletal classes. Results: Pubertal growth peak occurred on average four months earlier in girls than boys (p = 0.050). The average duration of pubertal growth peak was 11 months in Class I, seven months in Class II and 17 months in Class III subjects. Interclass differences were highly significant (Cohen's d > 0.08). However, no significant difference was found in the timing of pubertal growth peak onset among three skeletal classes (p = 0.126 in boys, p = 0.262 in girls). Conclusions: Girls enter pubertal growth peak on average four months earlier than boys. Moreover, the duration of pubertal growth peak is on average four months shorter in Class II and six months longer in Class III subjects as compared to Class I subjects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document