scholarly journals Personalized Postprandial Glucose Response–Targeting Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet for Glycemic Control in Prediabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dc210162
Author(s):  
Orly Ben-Yacov ◽  
Anastasia Godneva ◽  
Michal Rein ◽  
Smadar Shilo ◽  
Dmitry Kolobkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Diet Versus

scholarly journals Glucose Response during the Night Is Suppressed by Wheat Albumin in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Saito ◽  
Sachiko Oishi ◽  
Aiko Shudo ◽  
Yoko Sugiura ◽  
Koichi Yasunaga
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Glucose Response

Postprandial blood glucose excursions are important for achieving optimal glycemic control. In normal-weight individuals, glucose tolerance is diminished in the evening compared to glucose tolerance in the morning. Wheat albumin (WA) has the potential to suppress the postprandial glucose response with a relatively small dose, compared to the dose required when using dietary fiber. In the present study, the effect of WA on glycemic control during the night was investigated after a late evening meal. A randomly assigned crossover trial involving a single oral ingestion in healthy male participants was performed in a double-blind placebo-controlled manner. The participants ingested the placebo (PL) tablets or the WA (1.5 g)-containing tablets 3 min before an evening meal at 22:00 hour, and blood samples were drawn during the night until 07:00 hour using an intravenous cannula. The participants slept from 00:30 hour to 06:30 hour. Glucose response, as a primary outcome during the night, was suppressed significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment, but the insulin response was not. Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentration during the night was lowered significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment. In conclusion, WA may be a useful food constituent for glycemic control during the night.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control in Prediabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2337
Author(s):  
Mi-Ra Oh ◽  
Hui-Yeon Jang ◽  
Si-Yeon Lee ◽  
Su-Jin Jung ◽  
Soo-Wan Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Hba1c Levels

A recent animal study demonstrated that administration of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 isolated from Korean kimchi improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetic mice. In the present study, we evaluated Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01’s effects on metabolic parameters of prediabetic human subjects. Forty subjects with isolated impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned to receive a daily placebo (n = 20) or a dose of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 (n = 20) over eight weeks. The primary endpoint was a change in 2 h postprandial glucose (2h-PPG) levels and the secondary endpoints were assessment of other glucose metabolism parameters, including HbA1c, gut microbiota composition, and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The group with a diet supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 saw a significant reduction in 2h-PPG and HbA1c levels compared to the placebo group. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, microbiota composition, and fecal SCFAs, however, were not significantly altered. No serious adverse effects were reported. This is the first clinical trial to show a beneficial effect of single-strain probiotic supplementation administered over eight weeks on HbA1c levels in prediabetic subjects.

The clinical utility of the glycemic index and its application to mixed meals

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarie B. Hollenbeck ◽  
Ann M. Coulston
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Carbohydrate Intolerance ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

A classification of carbohydrate-containing foods based on their glycemic response to 50-g carbohydrate portions has recently been developed. The relative glycemic potency of many of these carbohydrate-containing foods have been compared, and these data have been published in the form of a glycemic index. It has been suggested that meals containing low glycemic index foods will result in a lower postprandial glucose response than meals with a higher glycemic index. However, whether or not these data will lead to a clinically useful reduction in postprandial hyperglycemia in individuals with carbohydrate intolerance remains controversial. In this review, we will try to delineate why we believe that the glycemic index, as currently developed, may be a specious issue. In addition, we will briefly discuss a number of factors that may explain the apparent discrepancy in viewpoints on this issue.Key words: glycemic index, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, glycemic response, dietary carbohydrate.

scholarly journals Can the Sequence of Food Presentation Influence Postprandial Glycaemia? (P10-072-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiani Henry ◽  
Lijuan Sun ◽  
Priya Govindharajulu ◽  
Melvin Khee-Shing Leow
Keyword(s):  
Random Order ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Food Presentation ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Postprandial Glycaemia ◽  
Different Order

Abstract Objectives The study was to investigate how a rice-based meal composed of rice, vegetable (green leaf) and meat (breast of chicken) when presented in different order of sequence, impacts on postprandial glycaemia. Methods In a randomized controlled crossover trial, sixteen healthy Chinese adults participated in this study (13 males and 3 females). Subjects consumed in random order 5 experimental meals. The 5 test meal were: (1) vegetables first followed by meat and rice (V-MR), (2) meat first followed by vegetables and rice (M-VR), (3) vegetables first, meat second followed by rice (V-M-R), (4) vegetables, meat and rice together (VMR), (5) rice followed by vegetables and meat (R-VM). Vegetable consumed first followed by meat and rice (V-MR), finally vegetable consumed first, followed by meat and followed by rice (V-M-R). Results In comparison to rice consumed first followed by vegetable and meat (R-VM), the overall postprandial glucose response was significantly lower after the consumption of vegetable first, followed by meat and rice (V-MR) or meat first, followed by vegetable and rice (M-VR) or vegetable followed by meat and followed by rice (V-M-R) or vegetable, meat and rice consumed together (VMR). The insulin iAUC (0–60) was significantly lower after V-M-R than M-VR, VMR and R-VM. V-M-R food sequence intake stimulated higher GLP-1 release than other meal sequence. However, GIP response was lower after V-MR and V-M-R than M-VR and R-MR food sequence. Conclusions Food sequence can considerably influence a meals response to glycaemic, insulinaemic and incretin. V-M-R food sequence intake lowered the glycaemic response significantly with an increased stimulation of GLP1. The order of food presentation has a great potential to alter the glycaemic response of rice-based diets. Our results provide a simple but effective way to reduce postprandial glucose and may help prevent the transition from pre-diabetics to diabetics Funding Sources Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Nutrient Extraction Lowers Postprandial Glucose Response of Fruit in Adults with Obesity as well as Healthy Weight Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Rabab Alkutbe ◽  
Kathy Redfern ◽  
Michael Jarvis ◽  
Gail Rees
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Eating Fruit ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

Fruit consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet. However, consumption of fruit in the form of juice is positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk, possibly due to resulting hyperglycemia. In a recent study, fruit juice prepared by nutrient extraction, a process that retains the fiber component, was shown to elicit a favorable glycemic index (GI), compared to eating the fruit whole, in healthy weight adults. The current study expanded on this to include individuals with obesity, and assessed whether the nutrient extraction of seeded fruits reduced GI in a higher disease risk group. Nutrient extraction was shown to significantly lower GI, compared to eating fruit whole, in subjects with obesity (raspberry/mango: 25.43 ± 18.20 vs. 44.85 ± 20.18, p = 0.034 and passion fruit/mango (26.30 ± 25.72 vs. 42.56 ± 20.64, p = 0.044). Similar results were found in those of a healthy weight. In summary, the current study indicates that the nutrient-extraction of raspberries and passionfruit mixed with mango lowers the GI, not only in healthy weight individuals, but also in those with obesity, and supports further investigation into the potential for nutrient extraction to enable increased fruit intake without causing a high glycemic response.

scholarly journals Twenty Minute Moderate-Intensity Post-Dinner Exercise Reduces the Postprandial Glucose Response in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 7170-7177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Yun Hu ◽  
Rengna Yan ◽  
Huiqin Li ◽  
Danfeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Glucose Response

scholarly journals 3068 Effects of exercise and a very low fat diet in metabolically abnormal obese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
George Schweitzer ◽  
Monica Kearney ◽  
Gordon Smith ◽  
Samuel Klein
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: People with metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO), defined as those with insulin resistance and high intrahepatic triglyceride, are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight loss through reduced energy intake and increased physical activity has profound impacts on improving cardiometabolic function. However, the specific additional effects of exercise training with diet-induced weight loss on metabolic function are equivocal. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A comparative trial is ongoing in MAO adults undergoing 8-10% weight loss induced by a very-low fat plant-based (PB) diet with structured exercise training (n=8) compared to the same weight loss induced by the PB diet alone (n=3). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Preliminary results indicate that, PB diet with or without exercise training results in significant weight loss concomitant with enhanced insulin sensitivity, reduced intrahepatic triglyceride, reduced 24-hour postprandial glucose response, reduced fat mass, and reduced diastolic blood pressure. Those undergoing PB diet with exercise training had greater improvements in muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness than those undergoing PB diet alone. Differences between intervention groups for other cardiometabolic measures are not yet known. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Each of the interventions resulted in improved cardiometabolic measures; however the extent of the differences between the interventions is not yet clear. It is hypothesized that compared with weight loss induced by a PB diet, the same weight loss induced by a PB diet and structured exercise training will i) cause greater improvement in skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, ii) will attenuate the usual decline in muscle mass while increasing strength, and iii) result in greater increases in left ventricular diastolic function. The long-term objective of this proposal is to provide a foundation for future studies evaluating mechanisms for the effects of exercise in cardiometabolic disease prevention and therapy.

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