A Study on the Forecast of the Supply and Demand of Public Health Physical Therapist in Republic of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-453
Author(s):  
Yoon-Sil Yi ◽  
Dae-Sung Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Republic Of Korea

scholarly journals Demystifying the Opioid Trade in Anonymous Markets and Forums (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyi Li ◽  
Xiangyu Du ◽  
Xiaojing Liao ◽  
Xiaoqian Jiang ◽  
Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Longitudinal Measurement ◽  
Online Marketplaces ◽  
Trading Activities

BACKGROUND Opioid use disorder presents a public health issue afflicting millions across the globe. There is a pressing need to understand the opioid supply chain to gain new insights into the mitigation of opioid use and effectively combat the opioid crisis. The role of anonymous online marketplaces and forums that resemble eBay or Amazon, where anyone can post, browse, and purchase opioid commodities, has become more and more important in opioid trading. Therefore, a greater understanding of anonymous markets and forums may enable public health officials and other stakeholders to comprehend the scope of the crisis. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work is to profile the opioid supply chain in anonymous markets and forums via a large-scale, longitudinal measurement study on anonymous market listings and posts. Toward this, we propose a series of techniques to collect data, to identify opioid jargon terms used in the anonymous marketplaces and forums, and to profile the opioid commodities, suppliers, and transactions. METHODS We first conducted a whole-site crawl of anonymous online marketplaces and forums to solicit data. Then, we developed a suite of opioid domain-specific text mining techniques (e.g., opioid jargon detection, opioid trading information retrieval) to recognize information relevant to opioid trading activities (e.g., commodities, price, shipping information, suppliers, etc.). After that, we conducted a comprehensive, large-scale, longitudinal study to demystify opioid trading activities in anonymous markets and forums. RESULTS A total of 248,359 listings from 10 anonymous online marketplaces and 1,138,961 traces (i.e., threads of posts) from 6 underground forums were collected. Among them, we identified 28,106 opioid product listings and 13,508 opioid-related promotional and review forum traces from 5147 unique opioid suppliers’ IDs and 2778 unique opioid buyers’ IDs. Our study characterized opioid suppliers (e.g., activeness and cross-market activities), commodities (e.g., popular items and their evolution), and transactions (e.g., origins and shipping destination) in anonymous marketplaces and forums, which enabled a greater understanding of the underground trading activities involved in international opioid supply and demand. CONCLUSIONS The results provide insight into opioid trading in the anonymous markets and forums, and may prove an effective mitigation data point for illuminating the opioid supply chain.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Efforts for Tobacco Control in The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeje Lee ◽  
Minah Kang ◽  
Sangchul Yoon ◽  
Kee B. Park
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
World Health ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Tobacco use is one of the main public health concerns as it causes multiple diseases. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) is one of the 168 signatory countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) member states agreed to adopt the WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC). However, there is lack of information regarding the tobacco use in the DPRK and the government’s efforts for tobacco control. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of tobacco use among the DPRK people and the government’s efforts to control tobacco use among its population, through literature review combined with online media content analysis. In 2020, the prevalence of tobacco smoking in males of 15 years and older was 46.1%, whereas that in females was zero. The online media contents showed the DPRK government’s stewardship to promote population health by controlling tobacco use. Furthermore, the DPRK government has taken steps to implement the mandates of the FCTC including introduction of new laws, promotion of research, development of cessation aids, as well as public health campaigns.

Comment on Meningomyelocele Treatment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-656
Author(s):  
Sanford Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Public Health Nurse ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Hospital Medical ◽  
Health Nurse

Pediatrics has obviously placed Dr. Lorber's commentary (53:307, 1974) and Dr. Freeman's paper (53:311, 1974) in a prominent position in order to provoke response. I hereby rise to the "bait." At Children's Hospital Medical Center in Oakland, California, there is an active program for managing spina bifida. Our clinic, which meets weekly, has the regular attendance of a pediatrician, neurosurgeon, orthopedists, urologist, physical therapist, occupational therapist, social worker, Public Health nurse and brace maker. Our ten-year experience is small compared with Dr. Lorber's and others, but it has had great continuity of professional personnel.

Monetary and Nonmonetary Costs and Benefits of a Public Health Master’s Degree in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 978-985
Author(s):  
Angela J. Beck ◽  
Jonathon P. Leider ◽  
Heather Krasna ◽  
Beth A. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Master's Degrees ◽  
Master’S Degree

As postsecondary tuition and debt levels continue to rise, the value proposition of higher education has been increasingly called into question by the popular media and the general public. Recent data from the National Center for Education Statistics now show early career earnings and debt, by program, for thousands of institutions across the United States. This comes at an inflection point for public health education—master’s degrees have seen 20 years of growth, but forecasts now call for, at best, stagnation. Forces inside and outside the field of public health are shifting supply and demand for public health master’s degrees. We discuss these forces and identify potential monetary and nonmonetary costs and benefits of these degrees. Overall, we found a net benefit in career outcomes associated with a public health master’s degree, although it is clear that some other master’s degrees likely offer greater lifetime earning potentials or lower lifetime debt associated with degree attainment. We outline the issues academic public health must engage in to successfully attract and train the next generation of public health graduates.

scholarly journals Supply-and-demand projections for the health workforce at a provincial level from 2015 to 2025 in Ilam, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 201010582094323
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bazyar ◽  
Somayeh Noori Hekmat ◽  
Sima Rafiei ◽  
Amin Mirzaei ◽  
Masoomeh Otaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Local Health

Background: Human resources are the key component of health systems. It is critical to have the right number of human resources at anytime and anywhere in the health system. This article aims to help local health decision makers to identify potential gaps between the future supply and demand of human resources and to make necessary changes in medical training processes to fill the gap. Methods: An eight-stage process was applied to project the supply and demand of health workers in Ilam province in 2025 for the following fields: public health, environmental health, general medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and midwifery. To estimate the demand for human resources, a mainly population-based model (manpower-to-population ratio) was applied. A modified version of the Australian dynamic stock and flow model was used to predict the supply of new recruits in 2025. The potential surplus or shortfall in the health workforce was calculated by comparing the supply and demand in 2025. Results: The demand and supply projections for the chosen fields were estimated respectively as: general medicine 457, 709; pharmacy 131, 86; dentistry 86, 251; nursing 949, 1657; midwifery 24, 247; public health 182, 211; and environmental health 92, 225. Conclusions: The current trend of medical graduates will meet the need for human resources in 2025, and there is no need to increase medical student admission. The Education Deputy of Ilam Medical University should take into account the health needs of its catchment area in medical educational processes and training new health-care staff.

Ticks collected from Chilbal Island, Jeollanam Province, Republic of Korea, during 2014–2015 

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Heung-Chul Kim ◽  
Young-Soo Kwon ◽  
Mi-Ran Kim ◽  
Chang-Uk Park ◽  
Seok-Min Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Haemaphysalis Flava ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Storm Petrel

The 65th Medical Brigade and Public Health Command District-Korea, in collaboration with the Migratory Birds Center, National Park Research Institute, conducted a migratory bird tick-borne disease surveillance program on Chilbal Island, a small, remote, uninhabited island in southwestern Jeollanam Province, Republic of Korea (ROK), during 2014–2015. Ticks were collected by dragging vegetation and from nest soil and litter of the Ancient Murrelet, Synthliboramphus antiquus, and Swinhoe’s Storm Petrel, Hydrobates monorhis, using Tullgren funnels. A total of 115 ticks belonging to three genera and three species were collected. Ornithodoros sawaii (98.3%, 113 ticks) was the most frequently collected tick species, followed by Ixodes signatus (0.9%, 1 nymph) collected from nest soil and litter, and Haemaphysalis flava (0.9%, 1 male) collected by tick drag. 

Are vaccine shortages a relevant public health issue in Europe?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Filia ◽  
M C Rota ◽  
A Grossi ◽  
D Martinelli ◽  
T De Graaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
National Immunisation ◽  
Vaccine Shortages ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Background National immunisation programmes depend on an adequate supply of vaccines but shortages have become more frequent globally in recent years. Vaccine shortages can lead to missed opportunities for vaccination and a greater risk of occurrence of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD). Methods The EU-Joint Action on Vaccination is a European Commission-funded project* which aims to strengthen cooperation between European countries against VPDs, including improvement of vaccine supply and preparedness. In this context, from February to May 2019, we conducted a survey amongst persons in charge of national immunisation programmes or of vaccine supply/procurement in EU/EEA, to collect information on vaccine shortages in the previous three years. Results Twenty-one of 28 invited countries responded, of which 19 reported at least one shortage, for a total of 115 shortage events. The median number of shortages per country was 5 (range 0-15). At the time of survey completion, there were ongoing shortages in six countries. DT/dt-containing combination vaccines, hepatitis A, hepatitis B and BCG vaccines were the most frequently involved vaccines. Supply and production issues, and global shortage, were the most frequent causes. Median duration of shortages was five months; 34% caused a disruption in immunization services. Procurement and purchase methods varied by country. Only half of countries have recommendations or procedures in place to address shortages. Conclusions Vaccine shortages are a serious public health issue in the EU. Causes are complex and multifaceted and more research is needed to understand the economic and market-related causes. Improved communication between public health authorities, manufacturers and regulatory agencies is essential. Procurement and tender mechanisms should be improved. In case of vaccine shortages, all countries should have procedures or recommendation in place regarding the use of alternative vaccines or vaccination schedules. Key messages Vaccine shortages are a relevant public health issue in the EU. More research is needed on the complex and multifaceted causes of vaccine shortages. Timely communication between supply and demand is needed and procurement and tender mechanisms should be improved.

scholarly journals Dilapidated Dwelling

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Keiller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Price ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Simple Description ◽  
Industrial Manufacture

Where I live, there seem to be two kinds of space. There is new space, in which none of the buildings are more than about ten years old, and there is old space, in which most of the buildings are at least twenty years old, a lot of them over ninety years old, and all are more or less dilapidated. Patrick Keiller begins his 1998 essay The Dilapidated Dwelling with a concise and simple description of the issues he raises in both the essay and the film to which it relates, The Dilapidated Dwelling , 2000. In both film and word Keiller’s description of the UK’s physical infrastructure at the turn of the millennium was both depressingly evident and in need of explanation. Continuing in the vein of his most famed films London , 1994, and Robinson in Space , 1997, The Dilapidated Dwelling is narrated by an invisible voice that probes the peculiarities of the economic, political and social conditions of late 20th century Britain through the prism of its infrastructure, urban blight and, in particular, its housing. The narrator, a woman is recalled to Britain after two decades in the Arctic investigates ‘the predicament of the house’, discovering that the most recent advances in industrial manufacture have left the house building industry practically untouched. By contrast, changes to the global economy and the emergence of the digital age have conspired to create wealth that has seen the market price of the existing, dilapidated housing stock skyrocket. Revisiting the ideas of Constant, Buckminster Fuller and Archigram she discusses the anomalies of housing supply and demand that have allowed some to escape housing poverty and yet leave millions in ‘dilapidated dwellings’. To coincide with the the launch of its three year project Housing – Critical Futures , Architecture, Media, Politics, Society, is republishing Keiller’s essay and re-showing his film. The essay is reprinted from Keiller’s recent book, The View From the Train , Vesro, 2013; and the film is shown as part of a one day series of film screenings and debates about the effects of housing on issues of public health, Housing, Health and Film . Screened at the Bluecoat Chambers Art Gallery, Liverpool, the film is accompanied by debates from architects, filmmakers and public health officials.

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