scholarly journals APPLICABILITY OF USING REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTEWATER RECLAMATION IN THE GAZA STRIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Mazen Abuatayef ◽  
Abedelmajeed Kahail ◽  
Hassan Al-Najjar ◽  
Thaer AbuShbak
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Ro Membrane ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology shows common popularity in the field of water treatment as an advanced stage to eliminate the residual biogenic elements and dissolved impurities after the traditional treatment processes. This article highlights the applicability of using RO membrane technology as a post-treatment stage to treat the discharged effluent from the Gaza wastewater treatment plant. The designed experimental model reveals optimal removal efficiency between 92 and 100% for a number of physical, chemical and biological pollutants. The RO membrane unit demonstrates significant removal efficiency compared to the sand filter where the RO removal efficiency for BOD, TSS, TDS, Fecal Coliform and NO3 were 100, 97.5, 92, 100 and 100%, respectively. The quality of reclaimed wastewater was idealistic where the contents of BOD, Fecal Coliform and NO3 in the permeate were nil, and the concentrations of TDS and TSS were 20 and 296 ppm, respectively. Practically, the results confirm that the wastewater with the reclaimed quality could be used for agricultural activities with no degree of restriction according to FAO’s guidelines water quality for irrigation. According to the Palestinian Standard (PS), the quality of reclaimed wastewater is high, class (A), and it could be used without restrictions to irrigate many crops and for the purposes of groundwater replenishment. Related to energy estimation and cost analysis, the numerical model and the market analysis study demonstrate the energy of 1.23 kWh and total cost, i.e. fixed and energy costs, of 0.58 USD to produce 1 m3 of reclaimed wastewater using the RO membrane in the Gaza Strip over a projected lifespan of 5 years.

Application of membrane technology in the pretreatment of cheese dairies wastes and co-treatment in a municipal conventional biological unit

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftheria Papachristou ◽  
Costas T. Lafazanis
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Biological Unit ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Dairy Wastes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Cheese Production

A great number of cheese dairies and dairy industries in Greece are disposing their wastes, mainly cheese whey, either on land or in surface receivers, in large quantities creating a major environmental problem. A typical agricultural and pastoral provincial town of 70,000 inhabitants, Trikala, became the starting point of this research. A co-treatment of the urban sewage and the dairy wastes in the municipal treatment plant was recommended. The successful application of the above statement is based primarily on the pretreatment of the cheese dairies wastes. So far for cheese whey the recovery of the lactose serum in the contemporary central unit applying membrane technology has been suggested. As far as the wastewaters of the washing and refrigeration are concerned a pretreatment is required for the defatting in a grease trap, the grating, the adjustment of pH and the equalisation in an appropriate tank. Finally, this research has also focussed on the importance of membrane technology in improving the quality of milk and cheese production.

Zwitterionic and hydrophilic polyelectrolyte/metal ion anti-fouling layers via covalent and coordination bonds for reverse osmosis membranes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengying Jiang ◽  
Li-Ye Chen ◽  
Qian Zou ◽  
Siwei Xiong ◽  
Peigen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Ro Membrane ◽  
Coordination Bonds ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology, as an effective and eco-friendly method, has been widely used for seawater desalination and sewage treatment. However, RO membranes inevitably suffer serious organic and biological...

scholarly journals Reuse of treated wastewater using sequencing batch bioreactor for the improvement of wheat growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beenish Saba ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Bushra Zaman ◽  
Imran Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Batch Bioreactor

Reclaimed wastewater reuse for irrigation to crop plants is evaluated in a laboratory-scale experiment to assess growth and water saving potential from natural resources. A prototype laboratory-scale treatment plant was established for this purpose with suspended and attached growth configurations. Chakwal wheat variety was selected to examine growth parameters. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were evaluated to check the quality of treated water. It was found that a suspended growth sequencing batch bioreactor (SGSBBR) achieved 97% ± 2 removal efficiency over a 4 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). For an attached growth sequencing batch bioreactor (AGSBBR) results showed 98% ± 2 removal efficiencies with polyurethane. TN and TP removal efficiency was 58.7 ± 3% and 64 ± 4.8% in SGSBBR, 53 ± 0.17% and 67 ± 2.7% in polyurethane. AGSBBR enhanced performance with AGSBBR may be due to enforced anoxic/aerobic conditions in the inner layers of biofilm formed on biocarriers which facilitate the required metabolic conditions for treating high strength wastewater. Plant growth was visibly greater in SGSBBR treated wastewater than AGSBBR because of less nutrient removal.

scholarly journals Problems of water supply of the population and application of the method of electrolysis-structural activation for partial solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Ludmila Prikhodko ◽  
Galina Bryukhanova ◽  
Ekaterina Beljakova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Saline Groundwater ◽  
Desalinated Water

We analyzed the problems of water supply for the population of global scale and regional importance. A method for the electrolysis-structural activation of water oriented on the use of initial fresh rainwater or desalinated membrane technology of sea water in a mix with biologically purified household sewage waters. This method can be used on sea vessels, in arid regions of the planet, and in areas with saline groundwater. Activation of water is achieved by mixing biologically purified wastewater obtained by technology that ensures the quality of purified water at the level of requirements for release in a fishery pond and desalinated water (rainwater) or obtained by reverse osmosis in a ratio of their volumes not more than 10:1

scholarly journals Large-scale brackish water desalination plants in Gaza Strip: assessments and improvements

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunes Mogheir ◽  
Ahmad A. Foul ◽  
A. A. Abuhabib ◽  
A. W. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Saline Groundwater ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Desalination Plants

Water scarcity is a serious challenge in the Gaza Strip, a region that is mostly considered to be semi-arid. In this region, the population's options for provision of potable water are limited to desalination of saline groundwater. Six large brackish water desalination plants (BWDPs) and one seawater desalination plant are operating and providing drinking water along with small private plants. The BWDPs were assessed in terms of operational conditions and quality of their feed and permeate with the aim of estimating essential improvements required as well as performance significance. All these plants are reverse osmosis plants and their operational conditions are similar in terms of production, recovery rate, and energy consumption. The quality of the plants’ feed was found not to comply with WHO and Palestinian Standards in most cases, unlike the permeate from all plants. The assessment made through this study assists in better understanding of the current situation of the large-scale desalination plants in Gaza and recommending essential improvements needed to increase water production of these plants without increasing abstraction and feed quantities. In addition, multi-criteria analysis used to evaluate BWDPs performance may assist in prioritizing improvements application.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Subsidies in Technology Adoption: A Case Study Involving Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane Technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nur Laili ◽  
Rendi Febrianda ◽  
Iin Surminah
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Technological Learning ◽  
Ro Membrane

<p class="Summary">Adoption of new technologies is a process that involves technological learning and penetration of new products into the market. Within the process of new technologies adoption, government usually intervened by providing incentives, in order to support the technology adoption to be succeed. This paper examines the effectiveness of incentives for the sustainability of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology adoption. The study conducted through single case study on SWRO installation in Mandangin Island, East Java, Indonesia. Results of case study indentify the existence of government incentive in the form of direct subsidies to decrease the price of clean water. Although successful in reducing the price of water, but effectiveness of the subsidy on the sustainability of SWRO is still low, which is operates only 30% in a year. Further analysis shows that these subsidies actually be counter-productive to the sustainability of SWRO installation.</p>

scholarly journals Quality of life of infertile couples in the Gaza Strip, Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Aymen Elsous ◽  
Suha Baloushah ◽  
Samira Barjasteh ◽  
Ali Aldirawi ◽  
Soha Abu Eid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
The Gaza Strip
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