scholarly journals Mathematical modeling for monitoring and controlling aerobic degradation conditions of the organic fraction of urban solid waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
R. Estrada-Martínez ◽  
◽  
G. Carrillo-Sancen ◽  
G.I. Cerón-Montes ◽  
A. Garrido-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Aerobic Degradation ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

scholarly journals EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL MEDIANTE A MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS PARA A SUPERAÇÃO DA CONSCIÊNCIA INGÊNUA

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Daniana de Costa ◽  
Edilson Pontarolo ◽  
Edival Sebastião Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

Este artigo relata prática de Educação Ambiental desenvolvida em turmas do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública do oeste catarinense mediante atividades de Modelagem Matemática que abordaram o tratamento dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU). A professora de Matemática dessas turmas atuou como pesquisadora e, no decorrer das aulas, os dados foram coletados mediante diário de campo, os participantes responderam questionários semiestruturados e participaram de um grupo focal. A primeira atividade de Modelagem Matemática empregou dados secundários obtidos na empresa de coleta de resíduos sólidos da cidade, cabendo aos estudantes a resolução de uma situação-problema proposta pela professora. Para a realização da segunda atividade, os estudantes coletaram dados primários acerca dos RSU em suas próprias residências. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Conclui-se que as atividades permitiram o favorecimento de uma melhor compreensão da temática socioambiental integrada à aprendizagem conceitual da Matemática, o que pode colaborar para mudanças de percepções – quiçá outrora calcada em uma consciência ingênua sobre tal temática – e atitudes por parte dos estudantes no tocante ao meio ambiente.Palavras-chave: meio ambiente; ensino de Matemática; Ensino Fundamental; transversalidade; interdisciplinaridade.ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BY SOLID WASTE MATHEMATIC MODELLING OF FOR THE OVERCOMING OF INGENE CONSCIOUSNESSThis paper reports the practice of Environmental Education developed in 9th-grade of elementary school classes at a public school in west of Santa Catarina through Mathematical Modeling activities that addressed the treatment of Urban Solid Waste (USW). The Mathematics teacher of these classes acted as a researcher and, during the classes, data were collected through a field diary, the participants answered semi-structured questionnaires and participated in a focus group. The first Mathematical Modeling activity used secondary data obtained from the solid waste collection company in the city, and the students were responsible for solving a problem-situation proposed by the teacher. To carry out the second activity, students collected primary data about USW in their own homes. The data obtained were submitted to Content Analysis by Laurence Bardin. It is concluded that the activities allowed for the promotion of a better understanding of the socio-environmental theme integrated to the conceptual learning of Mathematics, which can contribute to changes in perceptions - perhaps once based on a naive awareness of this theme - and attitudes on the part of students in the concerning the environment.Keywords: environment; Mathematics teaching; Elementary School. transversality; interdisciplinarity.EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL MEDIANTE MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS PARA LA SUPERACIÓN DE LA CONCIENCIA INGENICAResumenEste artículo reporta la práctica de Educación Ambiental desarrollada en las clases de 9º grado de la escuela primaria de una escuela pública del occidente de Santa Catarina a través de actividades de Modelización Matemática que abordaron el tratamiento de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU). La profesora de las Matemáticas de estos grupos actuó como investigadora y, durante las clases, los datos fueron recolectados a través de un diario de campo, los participantes respondieron cuestionarios semiestructurados y participaron en un grupo focal. La primera actividad de Modelización Matemática utilizó datos secundarios obtenidos de la empresa de recolección de residuos sólidos de la ciudad, y los estudiantes fueron los responsables de resolver una situación-problema propuesta por el docente. Para realizar la segunda actividad, los alumnos recopilaron datos primarios sobre los RSU en sus propios hogares. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados de acuerdo con la Content Analysis por Laurence Bardin. Se concluye que las actividades permitieron promover una mejor comprensión de la temática socioambiental integrada al aprendizaje conceptual de las Matemáticas, que puede contribuir a cambios en las percepciones - quizás alguna vez fundamentadas en una conciencia ingenua de esta temática - y actitudes sobre la parte de los estudiantes en lo concerniente al medio ambiente.Palabras clave: medio ambiente; enseñanza de Matematicas; Ciclo Basico de Secundaria; transversalidad; interdisciplinariedad. 

The influence of pH in the hydrolytic stage of anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of urban solid waste

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dinamarca ◽  
G. Aroca ◽  
R. Chamy ◽  
L. Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Buffer Effect ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Protein Residues ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Urban Solid Waste ◽  
Influence Of Ph

The influence of the pH in the first stage, the hydrolytic stage, of the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of urban solid waste in a two phase anaerobic reactor was studied. The reactor was fed with a solution of the organic fraction of urban solid residues containing 5 to 7% solids. Four reactors with a working volume of 3 L were used, the experiments were done at three controlled pHs; 6, 7, and 8, and one with free pH, the temperature was keep at 37°C in all the experiments. The higher degradation of TSS and VSS was obtained in the reactors operated at pH 7 and 8; 75% degradation of TSS and 85% degradation of VSS. The volatile fatty acids were determined at the different pH conditions, no significant differences were found, and as was expected, the acetic acid was found at the higher value among them (from 25 to 29 g/L). According to the results obtained it is possible to conclude that in the case of the hydrolytic stage of the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of urban solid waste it is not necessary to control the pH, the pH is kept stable by the buffer effect of the protein residues and other macromolecules present in the residue.

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Organic Fraction to Energy. Cuban Case Study. Brief Considerations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Oscar Cabeza ◽  
◽  
Alfredo Alonso ◽  
Yoel Lastre ◽  
Jorge Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Fraction

scholarly journals Methane production through anaerobic co-digestion of tropical fruit biomass and urban solid waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 351-357
Author(s):  
H.I. Romero ◽  
C. Vega ◽  
V. Feijoó ◽  
D. Villacreses ◽  
C. Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

scholarly journals Economic and environmental assessment of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kepa Izaguirre ◽  
Leire Barañano ◽  
Sonia Castañón ◽  
José A. L. Santos ◽  
M. Teresa Cesário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe management of municipal solid waste is a major logistic and environmental problem worldwide. Nonetheless, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a valuable source of nutrients which can be used for a variety of purposes, according to the Circular Economy paradigm. Among the possible applications, the bioproduction of a biodegradable polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], using OFMSW as carbon platform is a promising strategy. Here, an economic and environmental assessment of bacterial P(3HB) production from OFMSW is presented based on previously published results. The SuperPro Designer® software was used to simulate P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters. Two scenarios were proposed depending on the fermentation medium: (1) enzymatic hydrolysate of OFMSW supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice; and (2) basal medium supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice. According to our results, both scenarios are not economically feasible under our experimental parameters. In Scenario 1, the low fermentation yield, the cost of the enzymes, the labour cost and the energy consumption are the factors that most contribute to that result. In Scenario 2, the cost of the extraction solvent and the low fermentation yield are the most limiting factors. The possibility of using process waste as raw material for the generation of other products must be investigated to enhance economic feasibility. From an environmental viewpoint, the photochemical oxidation potential (derived from the use of anisole as extraction solvent) and the generation of acid rain and global warming effect (caused by the burning of fuels for power generation) are the most relevant impacts associated to P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters.

Environmental impact assessment of organic fraction of municipal solid waste treatment by anaerobic digestion in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110134
Author(s):  
Rasangika Thathsaranee Weligama Thuppahige ◽  
Sandhya Babel
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Ozone Formation ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Management Options

The management of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) has continued to be a significant challenge in Sri Lanka. Anaerobic digestion is one of the management options of OFMSW. However, it generates unavoidable environmental impacts that should be addressed. The present study focuses to assess the environmental impact of a full-scale anaerobic digestion plant in Sri Lanka from a life cycle perspective. The inventory data were obtained from direct interviews and field measurements. Environmental burdens were found to be in terms of global warming potential (230 kg CO2 eq) ozone formation on human health (6.15 × 10−6 kg NO x eq), freshwater eutrophication (2.92 × 10−3 kg P eq), freshwater ecotoxicity (9.27 × 10−5 kg 1,4 DCB eq), human carcinogenic toxicity (3.98 × 10−4 kg 1,4 DCB eq), land use (1.32 × 10−4 m2 a crop eq) and water consumption (2.23 × 10−2 m3). The stratospheric ozone depletion, fine particulate matter formation, ozone formation on terrestrial ecosystems, terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, ecotoxicity (terrestrial and marine), human non-carcinogenic toxicity, mineral resource scarcity and fossil resource scarcity, were avoided due to electricity production. Results show that the direct gaseous emissions and digestate generation should be addressed in order to reduce the burdens from the anaerobic digestion plant. Finally, the results of the study could help in policy formation and decision-making in selecting future waste management systems in Sri Lanka.

Effect of Leachate Spraying Intensity on High-Solid Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Stover and Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3293-3301
Author(s):  
Mingyu Qian ◽  
Ye Zhou ◽  
Yixin Zhang ◽  
Zhenxin Wang ◽  
Ruihua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
High Solid
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