Recognition of Matching Tasks and Stimulus Novelty as a Function of Unilateral Brain Damage

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Paradowski ◽  
Herbert Zaretsky ◽  
Bernard Brucker ◽  
Augusta Alba
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Random Schedule ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Unilateral Brain

A 96-trial tachistoscope recognition task was given to 15 left-hemisphere-damaged, 12 right-hemisphere-damaged, and 30 non-brain-damaged subjects. Procedure called for a first stimulus presented for 250 msec. a 1-sec. pause, and a second stimulus for 250 msec. The stimuli were 12 animal drawings used in repeated series according to a random schedule. Six animals were familiar and six were novel. For half of the trials, the two pictures were of different animals. Size and position of the animal picture were controlled. Both reaction time and accuracy were independently scored. Judgments of same and different appear to function as if they are governed by different processes. For the control group, measures of same and different judgments do not correlate highly despite high internal consistency of subtests. Recognition of same becomes impaired with brain damage, but more so if the damage is rightsided. Recognition of different judgments shows considerably less sensitivity to the effects of unilateral brain damage.

Investigating Musical Emotions in People with Unilateral Brain Damage

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Amy M. Belfi ◽  
Agathe Pralus ◽  
Catherine Hirel ◽  
Daniel Tranel ◽  
Barbara Tillmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Perceived Intensity ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Unilateral Brain ◽  
Emotions In Music

The study under discussion sought to investigate the hemispheric laterality of musical emotions: Is one hemisphere of the brain preferentially involved in recognizing emotions in music? The authors took a neuropsychological approach to answer this question by studying emotional judgments of music in people with brain damage to either hemisphere. Their results indicated that individuals with left hemisphere damage were significantly impaired in recognizing musical emotions as compared to healthy comparison participants. In contrast, individuals with right hemisphere damage were not impaired at identifying emotions in music, but rated the perceived intensity of the emotions lower for sadness and fear (as compared to joy and serenity). Their work suggests that the identification of emotions in music and the perceived intensity of the emotions expressed may rely on different hemispheres of the brain.

Case Report: Recovery and Reorganization after Congenital Unilateral Brain Damage

1984 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Nass
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Unilateral Injury ◽  
Unilateral Brain

Recovery and neural reorganization after congenital left- and right-brain injury is assessed on dichotic listening and tachistoscopic visuo-perceptual tasks. A matched-pair approach for age and type of lesion is used. Over-all, deficits are less pronounced than in adults. Innate specialization of both left and right hemispheres is supported by the data. In addition, a left-right maturational gradient is suggested by the all-around better performance of the child with left-hemisphere pathology. The later maturing, relatively less-committed right hemisphere is better able to compensate after unilateral injury.

Simple reaction-time changes in patients with unilateral brain damage

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Tartaglione ◽  
Giovanni Bino ◽  
Marcello Manzino ◽  
Luciano Spadavecchia ◽  
Emilio Favale
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Unilateral Brain

UNBIASING THE BRAIN: THE EFFECTS OF MEDITATION UPON THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Meissner ◽  
Michael Pirot
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Transcendental Meditation ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Twenty males with a strong right hand preference underwent 120 simple reaction time trials to a 500 hz auditory stimulus presented to right, left and both ears. Ten Transcendental Meditators served as their own controls in twenty minute meditation and relaxation conditions and were also compared to a ten Non-Meditator control group who relaxed only in two 20-minute conditions. The reaction time trials were administered after the conditions. When the ears were compared to each other a significant right-ear (left hemisphere) advantage (REA) occurred in all relaxation conditions of the Meditator and Non-Meditator control groups. However, no REA emerged after meditation conditions of the Meditator group. The Meditator group after meditation compared to their own baseline relaxation condition showed a significant suppression of reaction time latencies to stimulation delivered to the left hemisphere and a significant facilitation to stimulation delivered to the right hemisphere. The meaning of these findings suggest Transcendental Meditation is an attentional strategy that disrupts the usual biases of the brain which also has implications as a clinical method. A neuropsychological explanation of the results suggest a comprehensive theory of Transcendental Meditation.

scholarly journals Clustering and switching in verbal fluency: a comparison between control and individuals with brain damage

CoDAS ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Carlesso Pagliarin ◽  
Eduarda Giovelli Fernandes ◽  
Maryndia Diehl Muller ◽  
Caroline Rodrigues Portalete ◽  
Rochele Paz Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Language Assessment Battery ◽  
Fluency Task

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the performance and strategies used by control subjects and patients with unilateral brain damage on phonemic and semantic Verbal Fluency tasks. Methods The sample consisted of 104 participants divided into four groups (26 with left hemisphere damage and aphasia- LHDa, 28 with left hemisphere damage and no aphasia- LHDna, 25 with right hemisphere damage- RHD and 25 neurologically healthy control subjects). All participants were administered the phonemic (“M” letter-based) and semantic (animals) verbal fluency tasks from the Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment Battery (MTL-BR). Results Patients in the LHDa group showed the worst performance (fewer words produced, fewer clusters and switches) in both types of fluency task. RHD group showed fewer switching productions when compared with controls and LHDna had fewer words productions than controls in the first 30 seconds block. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the LHDa group obtained lower scores in most measures of SVF and PVF when compared to the other groups.

Apraxia and aphasia for a visual-gestural language

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. R868-R883 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Poizner ◽  
U. Bellugi ◽  
V. Iragui
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Underlying Disorder ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Unilateral Brain ◽  
Insight Into

Since signed languages utilize visual-gestural channels, their study allows a unique opportunity for insight into the ways language and gesture may be represented in the brain. The separability of apraxia and aphasia for sign language was examined in four deaf signers who had unilateral brain damage, three to the left hemisphere and one to the right hemisphere. These patients were administered various tests for apraxia and a test of pantomime recognition. The patient with damage to the right hemisphere was not apraxic as we would expect. For the patients with damage to the left hemisphere, all of whom were aphasic for sign language, strong dissociations emerged between their capacities for sign language and their nonlinguistic motor skills. The language deficits of these patients seemed related to specific linguistic components of sign language rather than to an underlying motor disorder or an underlying disorder in the capacity to express and comprehend symbols of any kind. This separation between linguistic and nonlinguistic function is all the more striking, because sign language and gesture are transmitted in the same modality.

scholarly journals Are there sex differences in the brain basis of literacy related skills? Evidence from reading and spelling impairments after early unilateral brain damage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Frith ◽  
Faraneh Vargha-Khadem
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Literacy Acquisition ◽  
Spelling Performance ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Unilateral Brain ◽  
Reading And Spelling

Reading and spelling performance was analysed for a sample of 45 children with unilateral brain damage. Boys showed impairments only when the lesion was on the left, while girls showed no significant impairments when either hemisphere was affected. The results support the hypothesis that specialised substrates, which underlie literacy acquisition, have limited plasticity and may be more strongly lateralised to the left hemisphere in males than in females.

Intraword Timing Relations in Thai after Unilateral Brain Damage

1993 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gandour ◽  
S. Dechongkit ◽  
S. Ponglorpisit ◽  
F. Khunadorn ◽  
P. Boongird
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Unilateral Brain Damage ◽  
Unilateral Brain
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