scholarly journals Effect of cold water immersion on muscle damage indexes after simulated soccer training in young soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
Saman Khakpoor Roonkiani ◽  
Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽  
Ali Shamsi Majelan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soccer Training

Summary Study aim: To investigate the effect of cold water immersion (CWI) on muscle damage indexes after simulated soccer activity in young soccer players. Material and methods: Eighteen professional male soccer players were randomly divided into two groups: CWI (n = 10, age 19.3 ± 0.5, body mass index 22.2 ± 1.3) and control (n = 8, age 19.4 ± 0.8, body mass index 21.7 ± 1.5). Both groups performed a simulated 90-minute soccer-specific aerobic field test (SAFT90). Then, the CWI group subjects immersed themselves for 10 minutes in 8°C water, while the control group subjects sat passively for the same time period. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after, 10 minutes, 24 hours and 48 hours after the training session in a fasted state. Blood lactate, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels were measured. Results: Lactate, CK and LDH levels increased significantly after training (p < 0.001). There were significant interactions between groups and subsequent measurements for CK (p = 0.0012) and LDH (p = 0.0471). There was no significant difference in lactate level between the two groups at any aforementioned time. Conclusion: It seems that CWI after simulated 90-minute soccer training can reduce the values of muscle damage indexes in soccer players.

Influencia del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría en el proceso inflamatorio, Creatin Kinasa y percepción al dolor muscular en jugadores de voleibol (Influence of ZNAR massage and cold water immersion on the inflammatory process, Creatine Kinase and

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Zeltzin Nereyda Alonso Ramos ◽  
Blanca Rocío Rangel Colmenero ◽  
Myriam Zarai García Dávila ◽  
Gerardo Enrique Muñoz Maldonado ◽  
José Raul Hoyos Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α

  Las estrategias que aminoren el dolor, la inflamación y el daño muscular provocados por la actividad física de alta intensidad en atletas son de interés en la recuperación deportiva, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue conocer el efecto del masaje ZNAR y la inmersión en agua fría a 10° sobre el proceso inflamatorio a través de la interleucina 6 (IL-6), interleucina 10 (IL-10), el factor de necrosis tumoral Alpha (TNF-α), el daño muscular mediante la Creatin Kinasa (CK) y la percepción al dolor muscular a través de la escala visual análoga de dolor (EVA) en jugadores de voleibol. Participaron 19 atletas divididos en un grupo control y un grupo experimental, sometidos a dos protocolos de recuperación (masaje ZNAR e inmersión en agua fría) posterior a un test de inducción a la fatiga. Se cuantifico la IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK y EVA. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos (p < .05) en las tomas de recuperación en el comportamiento del proceso inflamatorio, la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular con ambos métodos de recuperación. Conclusión, el Masaje ZNAR favorece a la recuperación de la IL-6 y la IL-10 además de la disminución de la CK y la percepción al dolor muscular.  Abstract: The strategies that reduce pain, inflammation and muscle damage caused by high intensity activity in athletes are of interest in sports recovery, the objective of the study was to know the effect of ZNAR massage and cold water immersion at 10 ° on the inflammatory process through interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNF-α), muscle damage through Creatine Kinase (CK) and the perception of muscle pain through the visual analoge scale (VAS) in volleyball players. 19 athletes were divided into a control group and an experimental group, submitted to two recovery protocols (ZNAR massage and cold water immersion) after a fatigue induction test. IL-6, IL-10, TNF, CK and EVA were quantified. The results showed significant changes (p < .05) in the recovery shots in the behavior of the inflammatory process, the CK and the perception of muscle pain with both recovery methods. Conclusion, the ZNAR Massage favors the recovery of IL-6 and IL-10 in addition to the decrease in CK and the perception of muscle pain

scholarly journals Cold-Water Immersion Promotes Antioxidant Enzyme Activation in Elite Taekwondo Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855
Author(s):  
Eun-Hee Park ◽  
Seung-Wook Choi ◽  
Yoon-Kwon Yang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Enzyme Activation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cold-water immersion (CWI) on lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzymes in adult Taekwondo athletes after a match. A cross-sectional study was performed. After a Taekwondo match, the control group remained seated passively, while the treatment group immersed their legs below the knee joint in cold water at 10 °C. Blood samples were taken at pre-match, post-match, post-treatment, and post-rest, and changes in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant difference in MDA between the two groups, and while the CWI group had 19% lower SOD concentration compared to the control group, and the difference was not significant. However, in case of interaction for GPx concentration (p < 0.001), a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CWI after a Taekwondo match elevates the concentration of antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals The The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on Anaerobic Power, Dynamic Balance and Muscle Activation After a karate kumite fighting in Female Karateka

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Taher Afshar Nezhad ◽  
Samane Faghihi ◽  
Amir Hazrati ◽  
Khadije Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference

Many athletes are using specific techniques to minimize fatigue and accelerate recovery processes. Cold water immersion (CWI) is one of the most popular interventions used by athletes to potentially return to their pre-fatigue performance level. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CWI on anaerobic performance, balance and muscle activation of female karateka after a simulated match. 15 young female karateka (age: 18.7±1.7 years, body mass: 55.5±6.3 kg, height:165±5.1 cm) with at least three years' experience in karate kumite fighting were included in the study. After three round 3-minute competition, participants were grouped into a CWI group (20 min at 12±1°C) and a control group (CTL). Anaerobic power (30 s Wingate test), and dynamic balance (Star-Excursion test) were measured before the competition and 24 h after intervention. Surface electromyography (EMG) was sampled from quadriceps femoris muscles. Peak normalized muscle activation levels and force were identified during maximal isometric test. A significant decrease in the anaerobic performance after the competition was observed for both groups (p<0.05). CWI were effective in enhancing the anaerobic performance after competition compared with the CTL. Dynamic balance decreased for two groups, although CWI resulted in the smallest reduction in balance. There was a significant difference in peak and mean RMS values of the EMG in Rectus Femoris but not Vastus muscles after the CWI intervention when compared to CTL (p<0.05). CWI improve recovery related to dynamic balance and anaerobic performance of karate kumite fighter. It can be concluded that CWI appears to promote muscle activation and reduce fatigue that is related to better performance in 24 hours post intervention.

scholarly journals Effects of Cool-Down Exercise and Cold-Water Immersion Ther-apy on Basic Fitness and Sport-Specific Skills among Korean College Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Hyung Lee ◽  
Jin-Ho Yoon ◽  
Ki-Jae Song ◽  
Jae-Keun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Specific Skill

Background: We aimed to examine the effects of cool-down exercise and cold-water immersion therapy on agility, speed, power, balance, and sport-specific skill performance in college soccer players, and to provide baseline data for the development of effective recovery programs. Methods: In August 2020, 21 male college soccer players in Seoul, Korea, were randomly divided into the following groups: control group (CG, n=7), cool-down exercise group (CDG, n=7), and cool-down exercise plus cold-water immersion group (CDCWG, n=7). Agility, speed, power, balance, and sport-specific skill performance were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: No significant differences in Southeast Missouri (SEMO) Agility Test, 20-m sprint test, vertical jump test, or Y-balance test (right) were observed among the groups; however, there was a significant effect of time (P<0.05) and a significant time × group interaction (P<0.05). Significant effects of time (P<0.001), group (P=0.043), and a time × group interaction (P=0.009) were observed in the Y-balance test (left). There were no between-group differences in the 22-m dribble test, shooting test (left), or shooting test (right); however, there were significant effects of time (P<0.05) and significant time × group interactions (P<0.05). No significant effects of group or time × group interactions were observed for the kicking test (left or right); however, there were significant effects of time (P<0.001). Conclusion: Addition of cold-water immersion therapy to a recovery program including cool-down exercise can promote recovery of basic and sport-specific abilities among college soccer players.

scholarly journals WITHDRAWN: Cold water immersion effects on doms, muscle recruitment, dynamic postural control and sleep quality in soccer players: A randomized and blinded study

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. e4
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bortolo Pesenti ◽  
Rubens Alexandre da Silva ◽  
Leticia Alves da Silva ◽  
Ariobaldo Frisseli ◽  
Christiane de Souza Guerino Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Muscle Recruitment ◽  
Blinded Study

Children Exposed or Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index During the First 5 Years of Life—A Danish Nationwide Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2168-2177
Author(s):  
Ellen Moseholm ◽  
Marie Helleberg ◽  
Håkon Sandholdt ◽  
Terese L Katzenstein ◽  
Merete Storgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Exposures to human immunodeficiency (HIV) and antiretroviral therapy in utero may have adverse effects on infant growth. Among children born in Denmark and aged 0–5 years, we aimed to compare anthropometric outcomes in HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) children with those in children not exposed to HIV. Methods In a nationwide register-based study we included all singleton HEU children born in Denmark in 2000–2016. HEU children were individually matched by child sex, parity, and maternal place of birth to 5 singleton controls born to mothers without HIV. Weight-for-age z (WAZ) scores, length-for-age z (LAZ) scores, and weight-for-length or body mass index–for–age z scores were generated according to the World Health Organization standards and the Fenton growth chart for premature infants. Differences in mean z scores were analyzed using linear mixed models, both univariate and adjusted for social and maternal factors. Results In total, 485 HEU children and 2495 HIV-unexposed controls were included. Compared with controls, HEU children were smaller at birth, with an adjusted difference in mean WAZ and LAZ scores of −0.29 (95% confidence interval [CI], −.46 to −.12) and −0.51 (95% CI, −.71 to −.31), respectively (both P ≤ .001). Over time, there was a trend toward increasing WAZ and LAZ scores in HEU children, and there was no significant difference in adjusted WAZ scores after age 14 days (−0.13 [95% CI, −.27 to .01]; P = .07) and LAZ scores after age 6 months (−0.15 [95% CI, −.32 to .02]; P = .08). Conclusion Compared with a matched control group, HEU children were smaller at birth, but this difference decreased with time and is not considered to have a negative effect on the health and well-being of HEU children during early childhood.

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