scholarly journals The accumulation of fluoride by leaves of woody plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones in the industrial region of Zaporizhzhya

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
Valentina P. Bessonova ◽  
Anastasia V. Sklyarenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Ferroalloy Plant ◽  
Aluminium Plant

AbstractVegetation serves as a universal filter that is capable of protecting the environment from pollution by industrial emissions given the availability of appropriate technical facilities. The aim of this study is to determine the ability of leaves of various species of woody plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones to accumulate fluorine and to establish the most informative indicators of environmental pollution by its compounds. The object of the study was the species of woody plants growing in the area of protective plantations of a number of enterprises of Zaporizhzhya: Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine, Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant PJSC, Zaporizhstal PJSC, ‘Zaporizhcoke’ PJSC (KOKS), Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant PJSC, Zaporizhvohnetryv (‘Vohnetryv’) PJSC, PrJSC ‘Ukrgrafit’ and Zaporizhtransformator PJSC. Under the conditions of sanitary protection zones of enterprises the leaves of woody plants accumulate significantly more fluoride compared to the control specimens. We have established that a gradual accumulation of the element occurs during the vegetation period being the most intense in young leaves. In senescent leaves, the activity of its accumulation begins to diminish. The maximum amount of fluoride was detected by us at the end of the vegetation period. Its highest concentration was found in the leaves of woody plants growing in the forest belt near the Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant. According to the level of accumulation of the said phytotoxicant in the leaves of plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones, industrial enterprises of Zaporizhzhya may be ranked as follows: Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant PJSC > Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant PJSC ≥ ‘Zaporizhcoke’ PJSC > Zaporizhstal PJSC > Zaporizhvohnetryv (‘Vohnetryv’) PJSC > ‘Ukrgrafit’ PJSC> Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant PJSC > Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine > Zaporizhtransformator PJSC. The largest amount of fluorine accumulated by the leaves can be attributed to such tree species as: Catalpa bignonioides, Ailanthus altissima, Acer platanoides, Populus nigra, Armeniaca vulgaris, Tilia cordata, Acer pseudoplatanus, Platanus orientalis, which is a distinguishing characteristic of the sanitary protection zones of various enterprises in the city of Zaporizhzhya. Variations of fluorine accumulation in different experimental plots for the same species of woody plants are expressed in quantitative terms. These plants are capable of being the most efficient at purifying the atmospheric air from gaseous fluoride compounds. The highest coefficient of relative accumulation of fluorine in the leaves is found in the following species of woody plants: Catalpa bignonioides, Ailan-thus altissima, Acer platanoides, Populus nigra, Armeniaca vulgaris, Tilia cordata, Acer pseudoplatanus, Platanus orientalis, thus they have a potential to be considered for use as phytoindicators of environmental pollution by the fluorine compounds. The aforementioned coefficient appears to be the lowest in the following species: Morus alba, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Juglans regia and Fraxinus lanceolata.

scholarly journals The content of water-soluble phenolic compounds in the leaves of woody plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones of enterprises of the industrial region of Zaporizhzhya

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Elaeagnus Angustifolia ◽  
Populus Simonii ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Ferroalloy Plant ◽  
Ulmus Laevis ◽  
Aluminium Plant

The article presents the results of studying the accumulation of water-soluble phenolic compounds in the leaves of woody plants growing in the area of sanitary protection zones of a number of enterprises of Zaporizhzhya: Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine, Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant, Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant, Zaporizhstal, Zaporizhcoke, Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant, Zaporizhvohnetryv, Ukrgrafit and Zaporizhtransformator. The concentration of phenolic compounds was found to be significantly higher under the technogenic conditions compared to the relatively "clean" area. Their highest concentration was found in the leaves of woody plants growing in the forest belt near the Zaporizhcoke plant. For the level of accumulation in the organs of assimilation of trees, and thereby for the degree of air pollution by the phenolic compounds, enterprises can be ranked as follows: Zaporizhcoke > Zaporizhstal ≥ Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant > Zaporizhvohnetryv > Ukrgrafit > Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant > Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine > Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant > Zaporizhtransformator. Depending on the level of accumulation of phenolic compounds in the leaves, the plants have been divided into three groups. The largest amount of the pollutant, compared to the other species of woody plants, is being accumulated by the leaves of the following species: Ailanthus altissima, Betula pendula, Juglans regia, Populus alba, Populus nigra, Populus piramidalis, Populus simonii, Elaeagnus angustifolia, and the least amount – by Morus alba, Robinia pseudoacacia, Tilia cordata, Ulmus carpinifolia, Armeniaca vulgaris, Fraxinus lanceolata. The following species occupy the intermediate position between the two groups: Acer negundo, Acer platanoides, Aesculus hippocastanum, Catalpa bignonioides, Salix alba, Ulmus laevis. The tree species that can be characterized by their capacity to accumulate the highest concentration of water-soluble phenolic compounds may be recommended for the purpose of purification of atmospheric air. The following plant species, which turned to be the most sensitive indicators of air pollution, have been listed in a descending order according to the value of the coefficient of relative accumulation of phenolic compounds. Such species include Betula pendula, Catalpa bignonioides, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Ailanthus altissima, Populus simonii, Acer negundo, Ulmus laevis and Fraxinus lanceolata.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Chlorine Content in Leaves of Woody Plants of Protection Forest Bands in the City of Zaporizhzhya

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-223
Author(s):  
Valentina Bessonova ◽  
Аnastasia Sklyarenko
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Ferroalloy Plant ◽  
Gradual Accumulation

AbstractAs a result of the activity of industrial enterprises, atmospheric air is being contaminated by gaseous pollutants. Such substances as chlorine and hydrogen chloride are considered to be harmful for both humans and plants. Vegetation is a universal filter that is able to combat the environmental pollution by industrial emissions with the help of appropriate technical facilities. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of accumulation of chlorine in the leaves of woody plants that grow in the area of forest plantations of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises. The objects of the study were the species of woody plants in the area of protective plantations of a number of enterprises in Zaporizhzhya: ZTMC, ZALК, ZABR, Zaporizhstal, Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant, Zaporizhvohnetryv, Ukrgrafit and Zaporizhtransformator. We established that during the vegetation period, a gradual accumulation of the element was the most intense in mature leaves, whose growth had already ceased. The maximum amount of chlorine was found at the end of the vegetation period. The concentration of the pollutant in leaves of woody plants in the area of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises is linearly proportional to the level of emissions of the pollutant into the atmosphere by a given enterprise. The largest coefficient of relative accumulation of chlorine in the leaves of such plants as Catalpa bignonioides, Acer negundo, Robinia pseudoacacia, Juglans regia, Populus alba, which can be used as information sites for the purpose of bioindication of atmospheric air pollution with chlorides, was established.

Species specificity of woody trees adaptation at technogenically transformed urbanhabitats of the Kyiv megalopolisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
O. G. Lucyshyn ◽  
I. K. Teslenko
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Technogenic Pollution ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Lombardy Poplar

The recent ecological situation of Kyiv megalopolis has a special specific of environment technogenic pollution as a chemical features and content of polluting phytotoxicants. During 2007–2012, our observation revealed what the most dangerous factors which have harm impact on the street woody plants are the huge concentration of phytotoxic elements (Na+, Cl-, Pb2+, Cd2+). Nowadays, the technogenic impact on the megalopolyisis surrounding comes to the dangerous, even, catastrophic level. The main reason of total and chloral necrose of leaves, the summer defoliation of crown and major tree's death is the over pollution of the soil and plant's phytomass by phytotoxic elements, the concentration of which by standards evaluation and by trees reactions are critical and exists at the level of adaptation possibility and survival. The main sources of Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions are transport outcomes (> 90 % of total technogenic pollution). The increasing of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in the soil is depended from intensivity of transport outcomes, using of ethylated petrol, and location of trees along roads as well as from the trees species. Continuously increasing of number of cars at the city streets is accompanying with similar increasing of ions concentration. Thus, in the soil around root system of street woody plants, depending from their location along roads, the concentration of Pb2+ (moving form) is between 41,7 (I. Kudri str.) and 102,6 mg\kg of soil (Nauki avenue). It exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), which is 20,8–51,3 mg\kg of soil. Next, for Norway maple (Acer platanoides) the concentration of Pb2+ in the soil varies from 41,7 to 80,5 mg / kg of soil in the area of the root system and it is around 20,8–40,2 MPC. In the leaves of this tree it is 7,83–13,5 mg / kg of dry mass (MPC is 15,8–27,0). For the horse chestnut (Aedculus hippocastanum) at the Nauka avenue, the concentration of plumbum in the root is 13,4 mg / kg (MPC is 26,8), in the cortex – 17,7 mg / kg (MPC is 35,4), in leaves – 8,21 mg / kg (MPC is 16,4), which by the normative evaluation are the critical concentrations. The source of Na+ and Cl-, which is a new factor for Kyiv megalopolis, is irregular load of high concentrations of industrial salt NaCl into the environment, as a way against black ice in winter time, where the Na+ ions ( mobile form) is in the high concentrations in leaves (0,76 % for Norway maple (Acer platanoides) on the I. Kudri str., 1,28 % – small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata) at the 40-richya Zhovtnya ave, 2,0 % – horse chestnut (Aedculus hippocastanum) at the Nauki ave), those are exceeded the concentration of the element comparing to the control test object, respectively, in 10,6, 12,8 and 5,0 times. Na+ ions are an aggressive phytotoxins and the main factor of leaves necrose of tree crown (within 70–100 % necrosis leaves in the crown). Degradation and total reduction of the specific weight of plants in the megalopolis environment are decrease the cleaning role of the street tree plants, which are the main alive filters for soil and air cleaning, as well as the main bioaccumulators and detoxicants of harm substances of anthropogenic pollution. Species adaptive specificity is revealed at the bioaccumulation level and the selective locality of phytotoxic elements (Na+, Cl-, Pb2+, Cd2+, agile form) in technourbanhabitats-pic conditions, there dominated bioaccumulation and localization of Na+ ions by trees assimilative system is caused the adaptive orientation of endogenic and intraspecific variability of phytoindicative morphophysiologic features of plants functional condition under the stressing factors. This also is defined the sensitivity of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.), norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) to the big concentration of potassium as the most danger one for the plant survival. The biggest accumulation of Na+ ions at the roots of Lombardy poplar (Populus pyramidalis Roz.), Bolle's poplar (Populus bolleana Lauche) and sugar maple (Acer saccharinum L.) is lead to a higher resistance of their assimilation system. At the technourbohabitate-pic conditions, the level of realization of ontogenetic and phylogenetic adaptive capacity of the sensitive species of trees is harmfully low (21,3–44,3 %). It is at the level of survival/death of plants. The street Lombardy poplar, Bolle's poplar and sugar maple, despite of more higher level of their adaptation (68,4–87,7 %), still also can't fully adapt to the critical levels of technogenic pollution of megalopolis environment. 

scholarly journals Communities of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city, Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Blinkova ◽  
Oleksandra Ivanenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Xylotrophic Fungi

Abstract Selected forestry parameters were investigated in the system of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city along a gradient of recreational transformation. We investigated vitality, age structure and health conditions of woody plants (Acer platanoides L., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Carpinus betulus L., Frangula alnus Mill., Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Q. rubra L., Sambucus nigra L., Tilia cordata Mill.), and species, systematic, trophic and spatial compositions of xylotrophic fungi (27 species of xylotrophs representing 22 genera, 16 families, 6 orders of divisions Basidiomycota; class Agaricomycetes). The results showed that the communities of tree vegetation and xylotrophic fungi in parks depend on the degree of recreational transformation of the environment. Vitality, age structure and health conditions of trees altered species composition of xylotrophs.

scholarly journals Аборигенна дендрофлора покритонасінних – основа паркобудування в лісостепу України

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
V. P. Masalskiy ◽  
S. I. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Acer Campestre

Висвітлено результати досліджень складу насаджень дендрологічних парків Лісостепу України. Встановлено, що в складі насаджень парків кількісно переважають рослини аборигенних видів. Разом із дубом звичайним (Quercus robur L.) паркоутворювальну роль відіграють його супутники: клен гостролистий (Acer platanoides L.), ясен звичайний (Fraxinus exelsior L.), липа серцелиста (Tilia cordata Mill.), клен польовий (Acer campestre L.), клен явір (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), граб звичайний (Carpinus betulus L.), в'язові. Зроблено порівняльний аналіз аборигенної та інтродукованої дендрофлори в дендропарках Лісостепу України з таких критеріїв: функціональність, економічність та естетичність. З погляду функціональності доведено, що садово-паркові об'єкти, основу яких складають аборигенні види покритонасінних, легко створювати, за ними легко доглядати і такі об'єкти є більш довговічними. Доведено, що з економічного погляду парки, створені з покритонасінних аборигенної дендрофлори, є дешевшими за парки, створені з інтродуцентів у 10–15 разів. Встановлено, що парки, створені аборигенною дендрофлорою покритонасінних, мають найбільший позитивний психоемоційний вплив на відвідувачів і є комфортними для відпочинку. Отже, для створення парків, аборигенна дендрофлора є саме тим елементом ландшафту, який повною мірою відповідає основним трьом критеріям оцінки садово-паркового об'єкта, а значить є головним паркоутворювальним елементом.

scholarly journals Výsledky malakologického inventarizačního průzkumu PR Lazurový vrch (Slavkovský les, západní Čechy) [The results of the malacological survey of the Lazurový Vrch National Reserve (Slavkovský Les Mts., West Bohemia)]

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Libor Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Red List ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Vulnerable Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Western Bohemia ◽  
West Bohemia

Altogether 37 species of terrestrial gastropods were found during the survey of the Lazurový Vrch National Reserve in the Slavkovský Les Mts. in 2008. Two species published in 1950 from this site were not verified: Pupilla muscorum and Causa holosericea. The reserve under study is covered by spruce and broadleaf forests; so almost 65% of recorded species belong among strictly or predominantly forest species. Only five species are included in the Red List of the Czech molluscs. Two species are very interesting from ecological and faunal point of view. Vulnerable species Vertigo alpestris is remarkable because of its isolated occurrence in this region. Endangered species Clausilia bidentata occurs in northern and western Bohemia only. The Slavkovský Les Mts. (together with the northernmost part of the Český Les Mts.) represents very compact area of distribution of the species in the Czech Republic. The find from the Lazurový Vrch Reserve represents the new locality for C. bidentata. Interesting observation from the reserve was the occurrence of C. bidentata on relatively rare Acer pseudoplatanus and Fraxinus excelsior trees only. No specimens were found on much commoner Acer platanoides and Tilia cordata trees.

scholarly journals Impact of environmental conditions on the vitality structure of the cenopopulations of the dominant tree tier in the forests of the southern part of the Volga Upland

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Alisa M. Samsonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Ecological Scales ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
Ecological Parameters ◽  
The Impact

The vitality structure of cenopulations of woody plants is formed under the influence of ecological, cenotic and anthropogenic influences. The study of the nature and degree of influence of the ecological parameters of the habitat will make it possible to predict the formation of the vitality structure of woody plants. The objects of study are individuals of the generative age state of three species of woody plants: Quercus robur, Tilia cordata, Acer platanoides. Environmental conditions of habitat were assessed by using range ecological scales. Vitality was assessed by three key determinative morphometric parameters. Correlation analysis was carried out to establish the impact of environmental conditions on the indicators of the vitality of cenopopulations. Both direct and inverse relationships (with a correlation coefficient of 0.5 and above) between ecological conditions and vitality of the studied species were noted. The vitality of Tilia cordata is more influenced compared to other studied species.

scholarly journals Biochemical indicators of woody plants in the diagnosis of air condition

2022 ◽  
Vol 962 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
L N Anishchenko ◽  
E V Borzdyko ◽  
M V Dolganova ◽  
I V Moskalenko ◽  
M V Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis

Abstract It is found that anthropogenic pollution has a significant effect on the change in the content of total nitrogen, glutathione and vitamin E, which increases the resistance of woody plants to stress. A series of woody plants with regard to their sensitivity to aerosol pollution has been compiled: according to the degree of decrease in total nitrogen – Picea abies > Thuja occidentalis > Syringa vulgaris > Acer platanoides > Tilia cordata > Sorbus aucuparia; the degree of decrease in glutathione content – Picea abies > Thuja occidentalis > Syringa vulgaris > Acer platanoides > Tilia cordata > Sorbus aucuparia; the degree of decrease in the content of vitamin E – Picea abies > Thuja occidentalis > Sorbus aucuparia > Tilia cordata > Syringa vulgaris > Acer platanoides. A positive correlation was revealed between the biochemical parameters of woody plants and the monitoring complex indices proposed by the Russian meteorological service. A close direct regression dependence of the air pollution index and the average stability coefficient for the content of total nitrogen, vitamin E and glutathione in the biomass of model woody plants was revealed: with an increase in the degree of air pollution, the average stability coefficient for certain biochemical indicators increases.

scholarly journals Variability of Platanus orientalis leaves under a heterogeneous environment in the Hissar Valley of Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Saifiddin Davlatzoda ◽  
Jamoliddin Bobokalonov ◽  
Elena Baikova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Cement Factories

Geospatial monitoring of leaves variability has been performed for Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan. 17 local populations were clustered in four territorial groups and investigated by 11 morphometric variables and four indices. Six levels of variability were taken in the classification of S.A. Mamaev. All tested parameters were ranked due to the total score of variability levels. It was established, that indicators which have the combination of high, increased, and medium levels of variability, can be recommended for the purpose of geospatial monitoring. In the studied set of variables are two such ones: (1) the ratio of the length of leaf blade to the lengh of petiole, and (2) the petiole lengh. These two indicators reliably respond to point sources of industrial environmental pollution (Aluminum and Cement factories). Six indicators with domination of the middle level of variability, are of diagnostic value to differ loci inside territorial groups of populations. The results of the experiment confirmed, that set of variability levels for 8 of 15 studied parameters has diagnostic matter for geospatial monitoring of environment conditions in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan.

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