Planting of different-sized tree transplants on arable soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-584
Author(s):  
Jiří Dostálek ◽  
Martin Weber ◽  
Svatopluk Matula ◽  
Tomáš Frantík
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Native Woody Species ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOn the arable land of the Rosovka Stream alluvium in the Czech Republic, a windbreak containing native woody species, was planted within a restoration project. This study evaluates the effect of that planting of three different tree sizes, on the rate of growth. The sizes of transplants employed in this study included small (1.0–1.5 meters tall), medium-sized (2.0–2.5 meters tall) and large (with a trunk circumference of 0.1–0.12 meters). The following native tree species, from the Eurosiberian region, were used: Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer campestre L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Tilia cordata Mill., and Prunus avium L. Growth rates were monitored over a five-year period. Small transplants had the highest growth; they grew approximately 0.4 meters more than transplants from the other size categories. Our results show that the selection of the size of transplant has a significant impact on development and growth. However, differences in the post-transplant responses of individual species were found.

scholarly journals Establishing windbreaks: how rapidly do the smaller tree transplants reach the height of the larger ones?

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dostálek ◽  
M. Weber ◽  
T. Frantík
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Central European ◽  
Large Tree ◽  
Native Tree Species

The aim of this study is to identify a period of time over which smaller, less costly tree transplants can reach the height of larger tree transplants and thus offset their performance. The following Central European native tree species were used: Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer campestre L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Tilia cordata Mill. and Prunus avium L. In the period after planting, the best growth was observed for small tree transplants. These transplants reached the height of the medium-sized tree transplants for all species except C. betulus. However, the large transplants of A. campestre, F. excelsior and P. avium were still significantly taller than the medium-sized transplants ten years after planting. In contrast, slow growth was observed for the large tree transplants of C. betulus and Q. robur. During the monitoring period, the height of the medium-sized transplants of C. betulus even exceeded the height of the large transplants of this species. These differences suggest that the differences in the establishment rates of individual species are reflected in the growth rates of their plantations during longer periods after planting.    

Role of Cities in Native Woody Species Conservation and Carbon Storage Insight From Niger

2021 ◽  
pp. 302-322
Author(s):  
Soulé Moussa ◽  
Saley Karim ◽  
Abasse Amadou Tougiani ◽  
Boateng Kyereh ◽  
Mahamane Saadou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Native Woody Species ◽  
Native Tree Species ◽  
Change Mitigation

Loss of native tree species constitutes a major socio-economic and ecological problem. Nevertheless, there is scanty data on the role of Sahelian cities in native woody species conservation and climate change mitigation. This study tried to determine the native woody diversity, structure, and carbon stocks in Niamey, and Maradi, Niger. The study used the plot method to inventory dendrometric variables based on a stratified sampling approach from peri-urban areas to the built environment. Biodiversity indices and allometric models were used for the data analysis. A total of 63 native woody species representing 47 genera and 24 families were recorded in the overall urban forests in two cities. In Niamey, 46 species belonging to 35 genera and 19 families were recorded while in Maradi, 50 species, 41 genera, and 19 families were inventoried. Fabaceae was the dominant families in both cities with equal richness (13 species).

scholarly journals Extent of infection by Viscum album L. and changes in its occurrence on ornamental woody species in the locality of Lednice (Czech Republic)

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Pavel Bulíř
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Average Share ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe main goal of the research conducted in the Lednice chateau park was to map the current spectrum of host trees and shrubs. The aim of the investigation was also to record changes in the host species, namely between the years 1985 and 2016, and to get an overview of the extent and degree of mistletoe infection on the most significant tree species present in the park. Furthermore, the occurrence of mistletoe across the developmental stages of woody species was monitored. Apart from taxonomic changes also the quantitative extent and the degree of infection reported in the last 31 years, and the impact on the development stages of woody plants in the past 20 years were analysed. Among the most frequently infected taxa are currently: Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus monogyna, Robinia pseudoacacia, Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos. The average share of infected specimens of the above host species amounts to 34.28%. A distinctive change in frequency and infection degree was recorded in the aggregate spectrum of hosts. The presence of mistletoe was recorded in a total of 1,362 specimens (almost 12% of the trees growing in the area). Compared to 1985, the occurrence of mistletoe was newly recorded in a total of 13 families (+3), 19 genera (+5) and 42 species (+18). In Aesculus ×marylandica, Fraxinus biltmoreana, Magnolia hypoleuca ×tripetala or Malus ×moerlandsii, it was probably described for the first time ever. At the moment, the most existentially endangered taxon is Tilia cordata.

scholarly journals Relationships between browsing damage and woody species dominance

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Čermák ◽  
P. Horsák ◽  
M. Špiřík ◽  
R. Mrkva
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
The Given ◽  
Species Being

The paper analyzes data on browsing damage to food-attractive woody species, viz.<I> Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aucuparia</I> and most often eudominant <I>Fagus sylvatica</I>. The field survey was carried out in 2005–2007. Analyzed data come from 34 transects at 15 localities in the CR with different abundance of ungulates (<I>Capreolus capreolus</I>, in some areas also <I>Cervus elaphus</I> or <I>Dama dama</I>). Trees occurring in natural regeneration under a stand were monitored up to a height of 150 cm and the presence of new browsing damage was monitored. Differences between the percent of damaged individuals of the given species of a food-attractive woody species and the percent of damaged individuals of all woody species in the transect as well as the proportion of these parameters significantly correlate with the dominance of the given species being suitable parameters for the analysis of a relationship between the intensity of damage and dominance. At the same time, the higher the proportion of <I>Fagus sylvatica</I>, the higher the relative intensity of damage to monitored food-attractive species.

Tree species rather than type of mycorrhizal association drives inorganic and organic nitrogen acquisition in tree-tree interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reuter ◽  
Olga Ferlian ◽  
Mika Tarkka ◽  
Nico Eisenhauer ◽  
Karin Pritsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
N Acquisition ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Abstract Mycorrhizal fungi play an important role for the nitrogen (N) supply of trees. The influence of different mycorrhizal types on N acquisition in tree-tree interactions is, however, not well understood, particularly with regard to the competition for growth-limiting N. We studied the effect of competition between temperate forest tree species on their inorganic and organic N acquisition in relation to their mycorrhizal type (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhiza or ectomycorrhiza). In a field experiment, we quantified net N uptake capacity from inorganic and organic N sources using 15N/13C stable isotopes for arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species (i.e., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., and Prunus avium L.) as well as ectomycorrhizal tree species (i.e., Carpinus betulus L., Fagus sylvatica L., and Tilia platyphyllos Scop.). All species were grown in intra- and interspecific competition (i.e., monoculture or mixture). Our results showed that N sources were not used complementarily depending on a species´ mycorrhizal association, but their uptake rather depended on the competitor indicating species-specific effects. Generally, ammonium was preferred over glutamine and glutamine over nitrate. In conclusion, our findings suggest that inorganic and organic N acquisition of the studied temperate tree species is less regulated by mycorrhizal association, but rather by the availability of specific N sources in the soil as well as the competitive environment of different tree species.

Investigating Some of the Factors that Affect the Selection of Shelter Cats by Adopters in the Czech Republic

Anthrozoös ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kubesova ◽  
Eva Voslarova ◽  
Vladimir Vecerek ◽  
Marijana Vucinic
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Ecological Factors Preventing Restoration of Degraded Short Tussock Landscapes in New Zealand’s Dryland Zone

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P. Rodrigues ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
David A. Norton ◽  
Matthew Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Introduced Herbivores ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Native Woody Species ◽  
Dryland Ecosystems ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Chemical Conditions

AbstractBiotic factors such as the presence of invasive animal and/or plant species are well known as major causes of ecological degradation and as limiting either natural or assisted (human-induced) ecological restoration. However, abiotic aspects of the landscape, such as water availability and soil physical/chemical conditions can also potentially limit restoration and should be considered. Dryland ecosystems are amongst the world’s most threatened and least protected. New Zealand’s drylands have been drastically changed, initially through burning, agricultural and grazing practices and the impacts of introduced herbivores and plants. This research aimed at identifying some of the key environmental factors preventing the reestablishment of native woody species in a New Zealand dryland ecosystem. The experiments involved a combination of shading, irrigation and grazing exclusion. The results showed that supplemental water was not beneficial for the survival and growth of the native seedlings, unless combined with shade. Fencing proved important for establishment, even though the species used are regarded in the literature as unpalatable to herbivores. The results indicated that the presence of shade was fundamental for the establishment and growth of the native seedlings likely due to improvements in the microclimate, soil aeration, and water availability to seedlings.

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