scholarly journals The effect of microbiological fertilizer and plant stand on the yield of corn hybrids grain in the Lower Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Gudova ◽  
Valeriy Ivanovich Zhuzhukin ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaytsev ◽  
Dmitriy Petrovich Volkov ◽  
Anastasiya Aleksandrovna Geraskina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Factor C

The results of studies of the three-factor experiment, which allows determining the effects of the microbiological fertilizer Extrasol (factor C) and plant stand (factor B) on the yield of corn hybrids (factor A), are presented. It was established that in 2014, an early ripening hybrid Ross 197 MW had a higher average yield - 5.46 t/ha. In 2015 and 2016, middle-early ripening hybrid Ross 299 MW was more productive – 6.85 and 5.97 t/ha respectively. During the experiment, middle-late hybrid STK 175MV did not realize the potential yield due to lack of moisture during the growing season. Hybrids have a tendency to increase grain yield with an increase in the number of plants per unit area. The grain yield by factor B in 2014 was 3.23–7.25 t/ha; in 2015 – 3,80–8,41 t/ha; in 2016 - 3.91–6.19 t/ha. The variability of the sign “grain yield” in 2014 and 2015 was influenced by factor B (plant stand) - 79.0 and 82.30%, respectively. In 2016, the influence of factor B was slightly lower - 47.0%, but at the same time the influence of factor A (hybrid) increased - 33.6%. 

scholarly journals Sunflower productivity dependence on inter-row cultivation methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
V Yu Misyuryaev ◽  
N I Semina ◽  
D V Semin ◽  
M A Sadovnikov ◽  
E Yu Dolgov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Biological Yield

Abstract Currently using the system Clearfield combined with other technologies of cultivation, given the state of the fields, soil and climatic conditions, the availability of soil mineral nutrients is a promising direction in the cultivation of sunflower in the Lower Volga region. In this regard, the experience of studying various technologies of cultivation for sunflower hybrids was laid on ordinary chernozems. The highest biological yield on average for 2015-2017 was created in the hybrid Mowgli with the herbicide Eurolighting fungicide Pictor with the introduction of liquid complex fertilizer in the phase of 2-4 leaves at the rate of 120 l/ha. On average, it was 2.57 t/ha in terms of repetitions. The lowest biological yield of sunflower was obtained from the Bosphorus hybrid with the herbicide Gezagard and the fungicide Thanos without the use of mineral fertilizers and was 1.61 t/ha. According to the factor B “Mineral fertilizers” in the control variants the average yield was 1.55 t/ha. In the variants with the introduction of NP (12:52) 80 kg/ha of ammophos, the average yield was 1.99 t/ha. In the variants with spraying in the phase of 5-6 leaves of liquid complex fertilizer NP (11:37) 120 l/ha, the average yield was 2.13 t/ha.

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOLIAR FEEDINGS WITH NITROGEN-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS AS EXEMPLIFIED BY MAIZE

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
I.N. IVASHENENKO ◽  
◽  
V.N. BAGRINTSEVA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Stavropol Krai

The studies were aimed at determining the methods for the effective use of nitrogen fertilizers on maize. In the course of the studies, the authors put forward a hypothesis that the foliar use of nitrogen-containing agrochemicals can significantly increase the productivity of maize. They assessed the economic efficiency of foliar application of conventional nitrogen fertilizer (urea) and new nitrogen-containing agrochemicals to maize hybrids of different ripeness groups. The study purpose was to make a comparative effectiveness assessment of the foliar feeding of maize hybrids belonging to different ripening groups with urea as well as organic fertilizer Batr 40 Azot and antistressant stimulant Vuksal Aminoplant. The studies were conducted on the experimental field of the All Russian Research Institute of Maize located at a distance of 3 km from the Pyatigorskiy settlement in the Prdgorniy District of the Stavropol Krai, at an altitude of 541 m above sea level, 44° north latitude, 43° east longitudes in a zone of sufficient moisture. The effect of two factors was studied in the field experiment: factor A – maize hybrids, factor B – foliar fertilization. The varieties used in the study of factor A included early ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 185 MV (FAO 180), mid-early ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 220 MB (FAO 220), and mid-ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 355 MB (FAO 350). The following options were studied Ь as factor B: without fertilizers; foliar application of Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha), Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha), and urea (N10). It was found that in the zone of sufficient moisture on the ordinary carbonate thick heavy loamy chernozem of the Stavropol Krai foliar application of nitrogencontaining fertilizers had a positive effect on the growth and productivity of maize hybrids. On average for 2018–2020, foliar feeding of plants in the phase of 7–8 leaves with agrochemicals Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha) and Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha) increased the yield of green mass of hybrid Mashuk 185 MV by 3.63–3.97 t/ha (11–12%); the yield of green mass of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV increased by 6.85–7.46 t/ha (24–26%); the yield of green mass of the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV increased by 4.63–5.05 t/ha (14–16%). The grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 185 MV increased by 0.21–0.47 t/ha (3–8%); the grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV increased by 0.37–0.49 t/ha (7–9%); the grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV increased by 0.30–0.33 t/ha (5–6%). Fertilizing maize hybrids with agrochemicals Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha) and Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha) at a dose of N10 provided higher green mass and grain yield as compared to urea (carbamide). The mid-early ripening hybrid Mashuk 220 MB was most responsive to foliar application of nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The costs of using fertilizers Batr 40 Nitrogen (3.0 l/ha), Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha), and urea (N10) for foliar dressing were compensated by the income received. The highest average payback of 1 ruble spent on maize hybrids was noted for foliar feeding of plants with the fertilizer Batr 40 Nitrogen at a dose of 3.0 l/ha (1.31 rubles of income) and Vuksal Aminoplant at a dose of 1.5 l/ha (1.11 rubles of income).

Potential yield of tidal swamp-adaptive soybean promising lines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Kuswantoro ◽  
Ratri Tri Hapsari ◽  
Apri Sulistyo ◽  
Agus Supeno
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Tidal Swamp

This study was carried out in order to identify suitable soybean lines that were adaptive in tidal swamp land. The research material consisted of 10 soybean promising lines and two varieties (Lawit and Menyapa). The research was carried out in Wanaraya, Barito Kuala, Indonesia, in rainy season 2014. The results showed that among of the 10 soybean lines, Snb/1087-148-2-1 reached the largest grain size (10.04 g/100 grains), followed by Snb/1087-147-2-7 (9.72 g/100 grains) and significantly different to Menyapa (6.86 g/100 grains) and Lawit (9.25 g/100 grains). Although these two lines had larger grain size than Menyapa, but the grain yield per unit area of these two lines were lower. Menyapa produced 1.67 t/ha, while Snb/1087-148-2-1 and Snb/1087-147-2-7 produced 1.18 and 1.42 t/ha respectively. Lower grain yield of these two lines was due to the smaller number of filled pods when compared to Menyapa variety.

scholarly journals The change in grain yield by rotation of crop rotations of the chernozem steppe of the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Zakiulla Mtyullovich Azizov ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Arkhipov ◽  
Ildar Garifullovich Imashev
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga

The influence of rotation length and fullness of grain – fallow crop rotations with a different set of biological groups (biogroupps) - winter, early spring and late spring crops on the yield of grain crops and grain yield from 1 hectare (ha) of arable land in the chernozem steppe of the Saratov Right Bank is analyzed, based on calculations for 4-field - 8 rotations, starting from 1989 and ending in 2020 (2-field - 16 rotations, 3-field - 10). It was revealed that the highest grain yield of 1.63 tons (t) from 1 ha of arable land, both on average for 32 years (1989-2020), and (1.82 t / ha) in the first-fourth (1989-2004) and (1.44 t/ha) of the fifth-eighth rotations (2005-2020), is observed in the 4-field grain – fallow crop rotation with a set of biogroupps-winter, spring early and late. The absence of a field of spring late crop (millet) in the 2 - and 3-field crop rotations reduces the grain yield by 0.11 and 0.30 t/ha, respectively, in comparison with the 4-field, both on average for all years, and by 0.22 and 0.28 t/ha in the first-fourth and by 0.20 and 0.32 t/ha in the fifth-eighth rotations. During the transition from the first-fourth rotation to the fifth-eighth, a significant decrease in the yield of field crops was established: winter wheat in the 3-field crop rotation by 0.87 t/ha or 26.6 %, 2-field by 0.72 t/ha or 22.4% and 4-field by 0.70 t/ha or 21.8 %; millet by 0.43 t/ha or 16.3 %, spring hard by 0.40 t/ha or 29.6 %, soft by 0.35 t/ha or 24.6 %. In all three spring crops, the yield reduction is 2.0 times lower than that of winter wheat. In general, according to crop rotations, the yield of winter wheat, both for the entire period of research, and in the first-fourth, fifth-eighth rotation, fluctuated within limited of the error of the experiment.

Growing-season rainfall, ear number and the water-limited potential yield of wheat in south-western Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heping Zhang ◽  
Neil C. Turner ◽  
Narelle Simpson ◽  
Michael L. Poole
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Ear Number

Knowledge of the contribution of ear number per unit area, grains per ear, and kernel weight to grain yield is important in understanding the limits to the water-limited potential yield of wheat in rain-fed agricultural regions. This paper analyses the relationships between grain yield, yield components and growing-season rainfall using data from the low-, medium-, and high-rainfall zones of the cropping region of south-western Australia. The aim of the paper is to quantify the contribution of ear number, grains per ear and kernel weight to grain yield and define the yield components of wheat required to achieve its water-limited yield. The grain yield of wheat was closely related to the number of grains per unit area (r2 = 0.90) and ears/m2 (r2 = 0.75), but poorly correlated with kernel weight (r2 = 0.30) and grains/ear (r2 = 0.09). The number of grains per unit area was highly related (r2 = 0.75) to the number of ears per unit area across the rainfall zones of the cropping region, and strongly correlated (r2 = 0.88–0.94) to the spike dry weight at anthesis. The highest yields achieved in the field were close to the water-limited potential estimated using the French and Schultz method. To achieve this water-limited potential, wheat requires 1 ear per m2 for every mm of growing-season rainfall (r2 = 0.92). We conclude that the number of ears per unit area is the most important factor required in order to achieve high yields of up to a yield of 6 t/ha in wheat in rain-fed south-western Australia.

scholarly journals Ecological approach in the adapted breeding system of mid-late maize hybrids (FAO 300-399) in the Lower Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Zaytsev ◽  
Valeriy Ivanovich Zhuzhukin ◽  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Gudova ◽  
Dmitriy Petrovich Volkov ◽  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Guseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Harvest Moisture

The article examines the results of the ecological testing of maize hybrids (FAO 300-399), created in different selective centers of Russia. The volume of nursery ecological testing of hybrids varied in the range of 15-30 titles. Plot area 14.8 m2. The plant density for harvesting in the Saratov region is 45 thousand plants / ha. Repetition three times. The cultivation technique is zonal. The hydrothermal coefficient during the growing season varied from 0.32 to 1.1. The amplitude of variation of the parameters of maize hybrids in the years of research was: plant height - 149.1 ... 268.1 cm; the height of the cob is 37.8 ... 106.0 cm; grain yield - 1.13 ... 8.69 t / ha; harvest moisture content of grain - 9.21 ... 46.85%; the protein content in the grain is 7.16 ... 13.83%. Insignificant coefficients of skewness (As) and kurtosis in most years of research characterize the samples of hybrids as corresponding to the normal distribution. As a result of the research, it has been established that, in terms of grain yield of corn hybrids, hybrids created at the FGBNU «NСZ im. P.P. Lukyanenko», which also feature increased grain moisture during harvesting. Lower costs for drying grain will be required for the cultivation of hybrids Ak – OOO «Agroplasma», OOO «Pioneer Hi-Brad Rus», FGBNU «NСZ im. P.P. Lukyanenko»

scholarly journals THE BREEDING EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN GENE POOL FROM THE WORLD COLLECTION OF N.I. VAVILOV ALL-RUSSIAN INSTITUTE OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Pominov ◽  
◽  
E.A. Zhuk ◽  
D.P. Volkov ◽  
O.S. Nosko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soybean Sample ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
World Collection ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Ripening

The article presents the evaluation results of soybean sample varieties of the world collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources by economic characters in the conditions of the Lower Volga region. We identified the most early ripening samples by the duration of the growth season and interstage periods. We noted the soybean sample varieties with the highest attachment of the lower bean, the maximum seed weight per plant, thousand-seed weight, and high biochemical seed qualities. We identified the genotypes with an optimal combination of the listed characteristics for further use in various areas of breeding work.

scholarly journals The value of the breeding index of new corn hybrids for grain when grown on bogara and during irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Olga Nikolaevna Panfilova ◽  
Elena Vasilievna Chugunova ◽  
Yulia Anatolievna Avilova ◽  
Svetlana Nikolaevna Derunova ◽  
Andrey Petrovich Buravlev
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties

They are given the results of the study of new early-ripening and mid-early hybrids of corn for grain according to the main economic characteristics: grain yield and harvesting moisture of the grain on two backgrounds - dry land and irrigation in the Volgograd region. The main indicator of the hybrid value  was the figure of the breeding index. As a result of studies, it was found out that the productivity of corn hybrids increases sharply under irrigation conditions, in comparison with the bogara it is higher by 75–85%, and in dry years by 100% or more. Harvesting grain moisture of hybrids during irrigation is always higher. Due to the high grain yield, the breeding and economic value of hybrids on irrigation in any test year is higher than on the bogara. According to the data in the early ripening group on the bogara, the breeding index was 2.4; under irrigation it was 3.4; in the mid-early group - 2.5 and 3.6, respectively. The best hybrids were selected for transmission to the Testing of New Varieties and further implementation in production: in the early ripening group: WG 3, WG 4, WG 5, in the mid-early one: RS 5, RS 6, RS 8.

scholarly journals Productivity of sunflower hybrids in terms of different mineral nutrition in arid conditions of the lower Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Gennadyevich Subbotin ◽  
Anatoliy Phedorovich Druzhkin ◽  
Anatoly Petrovich Solodovnikov ◽  
Gennadiy Nikolaevich Popov ◽  
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Letuchiy
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Early Ripening

The article presents the results of experimental work on assessing the yield of sunflower hybrids of different ripeness groups when the levels of mineral nutrition change in the arid conditions of the Lower Volga region. It was found out  that due to a small amount of vegetation precipitation and an acute moisture deficit in the second half of the growing season, the highest yield of oilseeds in the Saratov Left Bank is formed by hybrids of early maturing sunflower groups. Of the studied hybrids, the early ripening hybrid Svetlana (2.43 t / ha) was distinguished by the highest yield in arid conditions, the mid-early - EU Savana (2.02 t / ha) and the mid-season - EU Generalis SL (2.14 t / ha). It was revealed that the content of fat in oilseeds increases markedly from early maturing to mid-early and then mid-season sunflower hybrids - from 46.2–52.9 to 48.6–54.4 and up to 51.2–55.4%, respectively. At the same time, the maximum oil content was in variants  with the application of mineral fertilizers.

scholarly journals Heterosis models of corn hybrids of different maturity groups FAO 150-490 under irrigated conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
V. V. Bazaliy ◽  
R. A. Vozhegova ◽  
N. A. Bodenko ◽  
T. Yu. Marchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Maturity Groups

Aim. The aim of this work was to develop heterosis models of corn hybrids FAO 150–490 for irrigation conditions. A morpho-physiological model was developed and the FAO 150–490 corn hybrids were created on its basis for irrigation conditions of the South of Ukraine with grain yield 11–17 t/ha. Methods. The general scientific, special selection genetic, computational and comparative research methods were used. Results. The results of multi- years research for morpho-physiological and heterozyotic models of corn hybrids of different maturity groups within the conditions of irrigation were presented. The main parameters of models of maize hybrids of different FAO groups are determined. The parameters of heterozosis models are determined and the lines with high combining ability were created, which are involved in the pedigree of early-ripening, early ripe medium group, mid-ripening, middle-late and late maturity groups of newly created hybrids. These hybrids have not shown the yield increase during the optimization technology for grain growing. There were defined corn hybrids intensive type which provide grain yield of 15–17 t/ha. Conclusions. There were created new innovative FAO corn hybrids 150–600 for irrigation conditions, which are possessing a complex of economic complex and valuable features which are able to form high yields during the irrigation (11–17 t/ha). The morpho-biological features that determine grain yield are steadily implemented only at high soil fertility. For this reason the selection phenotype is reliable only in favorable conditions. The differentiating ability of the environment within a high soil fertility is more than in close-extreme conditions. Keywords: corn, maize, model, hybrid, irrigation, group maturity, yield.

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