scholarly journals Courting Islam: The Evolution of Perceptions of Islam within the British and American governments from the European Colonial period to the War on Terror

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-191
Author(s):  
Sean Oliver-Dee
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Primary Literature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Shifts

Purpose: This article explores the changing attitudes to, and perceptions of Islam that developed over a period in which substantive engagements between Anglo-American strategic interests brought them more and more into contact with Muslim majority governments and cultures. Methodology: Using historical analysis, the article examines selected primary literature to understand how perceptions of Islam within American and British policymaking circles evolved during the European Colonial period. Findings: The key finding is the extent to which perceptions of Islam and Muslims were government not just by the nature of the incidents and issues that politicians and officials were dealing with, but also by the shifting cultural shifts taking place in America and Britain. Originality: The article’s originality lies in the methodological approach of examining US-British policymaker’s perceptions of Islam based upon their experiences. In so doing, the article offers an approach to West-Islam relational debates that avoids critiquing the validity of the observations and instead deepens our understandings of where the perceptions came from as a basis for improved dialogues in the future.

scholarly journals PALESTINA DAN ISRAEL: Sejarah, Konflik dan Masa Depan

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misri A Muchsin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Six Day War

<p>Abstrak: Palestina pada mulanya adalah bagian dari Daulah Islamiyah di bawah Turki ‘Utsmani. Tetapi dengan dikuasai wilayah ini oleh Inggris (1917), seterusnya dicaplok sebagian besar (48 %) oleh Yahudi, Palestina yang mayoritas penduduknya Muslim menjadi tidak merdeka. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengungkapkan perlawanan Muslim-Palestina terhadap Yahudi-Israel. Untuk maksud tersebut dimanfaatkan pendekatan dan analisis historis dengan library research dalam pengumpulan data. Dari studi ini ditemukan bahwa Zionis Israel menguasai Palestina karena mendapat sokongan dari sekutu utamanya yaitu Amerika Serikat, Inggris dan Prancis. Sementara Palestina berjuang sendiri, karena negara-negara Islam sekitarnya sudah pernah ingin membantu pada tahun 1968, tetapi mengalami kekalahan dalam peperangan enam hari. Akibatnya, Mesir, Suriah, Yordania dan Palestina lepas sebagian wilayahnya. Terakhir, Palestina semakin terpuruk, dan jika disahkan RUU Yahudi yang diajukan oleh Benyamin Netanyahu ke Parlemen Israel, Palestina dan Arab Islam akan semakin terdesak.</p><p><br />Abstract: Palestine and Israel: History, Conflict and the Future. At the beginning Palestine was a part of Daulah Islamiyah under the Turki Usmani, but because this area was dominated by England in 1917, then about 48 percent of it was annexed by Jews, Palestine with the Muslim majority became not independent. This writing aims at exploring the struggle Muslim-Palestine toward Jews-Israel. For this purpose, the use of historical analysis and library research approaches in collecting data were used. The findings from this research are that Zionist Israel dominated Palestine because of being supported by its main allies: America, English and France while Palestine struggle alone because the surrounding Islamic countries had ever wanted to help in 1968 but they were lost in a six-day war. Therefore, Egypt, Syria and Jordan and Palestine released a part of their area. Lately Palestine becomes worse and if the Jews constitution proposed by Benyamin Netayahu to the Israel Parliament, Palestine and Arab Islam will be strongly insisted.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci:Muslim, Palestina, Yahudi, Israel</p>

Empire, Mission, Ecumenism, and Human Rights: “Religious Liberty” in Egypt, 1919–1956

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle East ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
American Protestantism ◽  
Informal Empire ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Egyptian Government

Historians identify many connections between human rights and religion, including the influence of religious organizations on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Protestant ecumenical movement and American Protestantism played important roles in this regard. Historical analysis has so far taken insufficient account of another contemporaneous phenomenon important in terms both of religion and of rights—the British Empire. Its authorities typically offered a “fair field” to Christian missionaries irrespective of their nationality or denomination. They might also offer protection to religious minorities. In Egypt the situation was complicated. An Islamic country and a vital part of Britain's “informal” empire in the Middle East, Egypt was also an important area of missionary activity. To Egyptian government and British imperial representatives alike missionaries asserted their right and that of Christian converts to “religious liberty.” Focusing in part on Anglican mission in Egypt, this article examines the complex interplay of empire and Anglo-American ecumenism in missionary assertion of religious freedom. It also shows how imperialism and debates about “religious liberty” in Egypt and the Middle East influenced both “universal” and Egyptian national ideas about freedom of religion up to 1956.

scholarly journals Automated futures and the mobile present: In-car video ethnographies

Ethnography ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Pink ◽  
Vaike Fors ◽  
Mareike Glöss
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Video Ethnography ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
The Future

New technological possibilities associated with autonomous driving (AD) cars are generating new questions and imaginaries about automated futures. In this article we advance a theoretical-methodological approach towards researching this context based in design anthropological theory and sensory ethnographic practice. In doing so we explain and discuss the findings of an in-car video ethnography study designed to investigate the usually unspoken and not necessarily visible elements of car-based mobility. Such an approach is needed, we argue, both in order to inform a research agenda that is capable of addressing the emergence of automated vehicles specifically, as well as in preparation for understanding the implications of automation more generally as human mobility is increasingly entangled with automated technologies and the future imaginaries associated with them.

Confessions

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-41
Author(s):  
Matthew D. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Free Will ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
The Future

This chapter discusses the conceptual and practical tools of Catholicism that many colonial subjects used to shape their futures. Christianity came with a host of ideas and practices that influenced one's relationship to the future, even the future of eternity in the form of salvation or damnation. Introduced through European missionaries in the sixteenth century, such concepts as free will and sin demanded new ways not only of thinking about religion and spirituality but also of living and relating to time. The chapter draws on a rich body of scholarship related to these themes but also delves into a unique set of primary sources, especially the intriguing genre of confession manuals. When examined over the arc of the colonial period, these sources reveal an evolving sense of individual futuremaking through the tools of Catholicism.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Performance of the Financial Architecture of Ukrainian Economy: Budgetary, Stock and Social Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 386-395
Author(s):  
Viktor Melnyk ◽  
Maksym Zhytar ◽  
Roman Shchur ◽  
Nataliia Kriuchkova ◽  
Tetiana Solodzhuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Financial Architecture ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

The article describes the scientific and methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the financial architecture of Ukraine's economy on the basis of recommended values of the system of indicators, determining their type, allowable intervals of values taking into account micro- and macrofinancial levels of the hierarchy. The comparative analysis of the corresponding indicators on the countries of the EU and Ukraine for 2009-2018 is presented. The future directions of dynamics of indicators of efficiency of functioning of financial architecture of economy of Ukraine are offered

America in Indochina, 1957–1963: British Perceptions, Hopes, and Strategy

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-104
Author(s):  
Meghan Nealis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Core Issues

AbstractBritish perceptions of the United States in Indochina between 1957 and 1963 were cautious and constructive. This article examines the perceptions of policymakers in Prime Minister Harold MacMillan's government and public opinion as expressed in the Times of London. British policymakers had basic doubts regarding American policy in Indochina, but Britain remained involved in the region after 1954 and agreed with the United States on defining the problem and on the broad methodological approach to the crisis. London wanted to ensure that Washington pursued the “right” policy in Indochina, that Britain utilized its expertise in post-colonial and counter-insurgency, and that the Anglo- American alliance maintained its importance for both countries. The study of these perceptions reveals some concerns which we would anticipate, but also shows that Britain respected the United States as a leader in the region and that it agreed with the United States on core issues.

Excavating the Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Malley
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Cultural Study ◽  
Homeland Security ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The U.S

Well-known in popular culture for tomb-raiding and mummy-wrangling, the archaeologist is also a rich though often unacknowledged figure for constructing ‘strange new worlds’ from ‘strange old worlds’ in science fiction. But more than a well-spring for scenarios, SF’s archaeological imaginary is also a hermeneutic tool for excavating the ideological motivations of digging up the past buried in the future. A cultural study of an array of popular though critically neglected North American SF film and television texts–spanning the gamut of telefilms, pseudo-documentaries, teen serial drama and Hollywood blockbusters–Excavating the Future treats archaeology as a trope for exploring the popular archaeological imagination and the uses to which it is being put by the U.S. state and its adversaries. By treating SF texts as documents of archaeological experience circulating within and between scientific and popular culture communities and media, Excavating the Future develops critical strategies for analyzing SF film and television’s critical and adaptive responses to contemporary geopolitical concerns about the war on terror, homeland security, the invasion and reconstruction of Iraq, and the ongoing fight against ISIS.

To-Day and To-Morrow, Literature, and Modernism

2019 ◽  
pp. 287-336
Author(s):  
Max Saunders
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
English Novel ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Future ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
John Middleton Murry ◽  
Major Section

This chapter investigates the two-way traffic between To-Day and To-Morrow and modern literature and the arts. The preliminary section considers three outstanding volumes: Scheherazade; or, The Future of the English Novel (1927) by ‘John Carruthers’; Geoffrey West’s Deucalion; or, The Future of Literary Criticism (1930), which contrasts John Middleton Murry with I. A. Richards; and John Rodker’s The Future of Futurism (1926), which discusses Anglo-American literature. It argues that the series’ largely undervalues modernism, and barely attends to the visual arts or to modern music. It surveys the volumes dealing with English, poetry, drama, music, and censorship. The major section is devoted to other ways in which the series is relevant to modern and modernist literature, looking at how other writers responded to it. It turns out the series was followed by a surprising number of important literary figures. The key case studies here are Robert Graves, Aldous Huxley, Joyce, Eliot, Lewis; and Waugh.

The Power of Literature to Decipher the Archetype of Lone-Wolf

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Maximiliano Emanuel Korstanje
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Lone Wolf ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cold War

The Soviet Union collapse marked the end of the Cold War and the rise of the US as the only superpower, at least until 9/11, a foundational event where four civil aeroplanes were directed against the commercial and military hallmarks of the most powerful nation. Terrorism and the so-called War on Terror characterized the turn of a bloody century whose legacy remains to date. The chapter explores the dilemmas of lone-wolf terrorism from the lens of literature as well as cultural theory. The authors hold the thesis that terrorism activates some long-dormant narrative forged in the colonial period respecting to the “non-Western other.” Having said this, the chapter dissects the plot of some novels and TV films, which takes part in the broader cultural entertainment industry. Based on the logic of living with the enemy, novels alert on the importance to scrutinize the non-Western guests (migrants) as future terrorists.

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