scholarly journals A study of Some Hormones and Antioxidant ‎Systems Disturbances in Older Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-281
Author(s):  
Reem Abdul-Raheem Al-Saadi ◽  
Dakhel Ghani Al-Watify
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Phenomenon ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Thyroid Axis

     Ageing is a physiological phenomenon that manifested itself with disturbances of many homeostatic regulating mechanisms of the body . The present study was conducted and employed to investigate two major systems( hormones and antioxidant systems) that can be implicated in progress of aging .The total number of subjects included in the present study was fifty (50) healthy men and classified according to their ages into two groups, the first group included 25 younger men (control group) and their ages ranged between 21 to 30 years old whereas the second group included 25 older men and their ages were between 61 to 70 years old.  Data obtained from this study indicated a significant decrease(p<0.05) in the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which is associated with marked elevation (p<0.05) of triiodothyronine(T3) and tetraiodothyronine(T4) of older men when compared with younger men. In regard to levels of cortisol and testosterone hormones were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in aged men when matched with their counterparts of younger men.  Concerning concentrations of malondehyde (MDA) ,a final product of lipid peroxidation, confirmed a remarkable elevation (p<0.05) in older men compared to younger men and these results were associated with significant lowering (p<0.05) in the activities of antioxidant components including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase . In addition , there are no significant  correlations(p>0.05) occurring among hormones( testosterone  , T3) and glutathione peroxidase and of malondehyde .   From these results ,one can be concluded that with ageing there are many disturbances and fluctuations of hypothalamic-adrenal and thyroid axis that accompanied with drop of essential antioxidant components that may be lead to suppress of defense against free radicals and the present study concluded that the changes occurring in studied hormones have not relations and effects on the antioxidant systems.

scholarly journals OctylPhenol (OP) Alone and in Combination with NonylPhenol (NP) Alters the Structure and the Function of Thyroid Gland of the Lizard Podarcis siculus

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Sciarrillo ◽  
Mariana Di Lorenzo ◽  
Salvatore Valiante ◽  
Luigi Rosati ◽  
Maria De Falco
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Podarcis Siculus ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
By Products

Abstract Different environmental contaminants disturb the thyroid system at many levels. AlkylPhenols (APs), by-products of microbial degradation of AlkylPhenol Polyethoxylates (APEOs), constitute an important class of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), the two most often used environmental APs being 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects on the thyroid gland of the bioindicator Podarcis siculus of OP alone and in combination with NP. We used radioimmunoassay to determine their effects on plasma 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), 3,3′,5,5′-L-thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) levels in adult male lizards. We also investigated the impacts of AP treatments on hepatic 5′ORD (type II) deiodinase and hepatic content of T3 and T4. After OP and OP + NP administration, TRH levels increased, whereas TSH, T3, and T4 levels decreased. Lizards treated with OP and OP + NP had a higher concentration of T3 in the liver and 5′ORD (type II) activity, whereas T4 concentrations were lower than that observed in the control group. Moreover, histological examination showed that the volume of the thyroid follicles became smaller in treated lizards suggesting that that thyroid follicular epithelial cells were not functionally active following treatment. This data collectively suggest a severe interference with hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis and a systemic imbalance of thyroid hormones. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Impact of Vanadium Complexes Treatment on the Oxidative Stress Factors in Wistar Rats Plasma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Francik ◽  
M. Krośniak ◽  
M. Barlik ◽  
A. Kudła ◽  
R. Gryboś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vanadium Complexes ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of vanadium complexes on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), uric acid (UA), urea (U), and antioxidant parameters: nonenzymatic (FRAP—ferric reducing ability of plasma, and reduced glutathione—GSH) and enzymatic (glutathione peroxidase—GPx, catalase—CAT, and GPx/CAT ratio) activity in the plasma of healthy male Wistar rats. Three vanadium complexes: [VO(bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, [VO(4,4′Me2bpy)2]SO4⋅2H2O, and Na[VO(O2)2(bpy)]⋅8H2O are administered by gavage during 5 weeks in two different diets such as control (C) and high fatty (F) diets. Changes of biochemical and antioxidants parameters are measured in plasma. All three vanadium complexes statistically decrease the body mass growth in comparison to the control and fatty diet. In plasma GSH was statistically increased in all vanadium complexes-treated rats from control and fatty group in comparison to only control group. Calculated GPX/CAT ratio was the highest in the control group in comparison to others.

Glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes in rats exposed to dimethoate and/or pyrantel

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Spodniewska ◽  
D. Barski ◽  
H. Ziółkowski
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
Antioxidative System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Applied Dose

AbstractThe study was undertaken to examine the effect of single and combined administration of dimethoate (an OP insecticide) and pyrantel embonate (an anthelmintic agent) on the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) in rats. Dimethoate (Group I) was administered to rats at a dose of 1/10 LD50for 5 consecutive days and pyrantel embonate (Group II) at a dose of 1/5 LD50for 3 consecutive days. The animals of group III were given both of the mentioned above compounds in the same manner as group I and II, but pyrantel embonate was applied on day 3, 4, and 5 from the beginning of dimethoate intoxication. Material from 6 rats randomly selected from each group was obtained after 3, 6 and 12 hours and 2, 7 and 14 days following the last applied dose of the compounds under study. It was found that application of pyrantel embonate caused only slight changes in the analysed parameters i.e. GSH, GPx and GR. Dimethoate administration caused disturbances in the antioxidative system manifested as a decrease in GSH concentration in the liver (max. - 37.7% after 6 hours) and an increase of GPx and GR activities in erythrocytes (max. - 21.7% and 29.6% after 3 hours, respectively), compared to the control group. The profile of changes after combined intoxication was similar, but their intensity was higher compared to the group of animals exposed to dimethoate only. Based on current studies, it was concluded that both dimethoate and pyrantel embonate at the applied doses showed a pro-oxidative activity.

scholarly journals Effects of Three Types of Massage on Serum Levels of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase After One Session of Exhaustive Exercise in Female Futsal Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-339
Author(s):  
Bahare Heydari ◽  
◽  
Mohsen Ghofrani ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Bahram ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The production of reactive oxygen species in exercise causes oxidative stress which disturbs the balance of oxidants and antioxidants, causing destructive effects on cells. The present study aims to investigate the effect of three types of massage (Swedish, Russian, Thai) on serum levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) following one session of exhaustive exercise. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 female futsal players aged 17-22 years in Zahedan, Iran who were selected using a purposive sampling method, and randomly divided into four groups of Swedish massage (Long strokes with pressing and tapping using hands), Russian massage (Medium to high pressure), Thai massage (Pressure to certain parts of the body) and Control. The exercise program was based on Bruce protocol. Serum levels of MDA, GPX and SOD were measured by before and immediately after exercise and after massage. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, considering a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: In all three types of massage, there was a significant decrease in serum level of MDA (0.22±0.08), and a significant increase in GPX (1.84±0.46) and SOD (10.02±2.86) levels after exhaustive (P=0.001). No significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion: It seems that Russian, Thai, and Swedish types of massage can affect the serum levels of the MDA (as an oxidative stress marker) and the antioxidant enzymes of GPX and SOD during the post-exercise recovery period.

scholarly journals Antioxidant protection enzyme activity in the blood serum and large intestinal mucosa of rats with prolonged gastric hypochlorhydria and given multiprobiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
S. V. Pylypenko ◽  
A. A. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Colon Mucosa

The activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in the blood serum and colon mucosa in rats was studied under the conditions of 28-days administration of omeprazole on its own and omeprazole together with multiprobiotics "Symbiter" and "Apibact". Physiological and biochemical study methods were applied. It was found that after omeprazole administration, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood serum decreased, and the activity of catalase increased compared to the control. With the co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased compared to the group of rats that received omeprazole only during the same time, but remained less compared to the control group. The content of reduced glutathione in the blood serum of rats after administration of omeprazole decreased, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase increased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the serum RG content was at the control level, the activity of glutathione reductase exceeded the control values. The activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the group receiving omeprazole only. The activity of glutathione reductase increased and did not differ from the control values. In the colon mucosa, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity decreased compared to control. With the combined administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity increased and even exceeded the control values. With the administration of omeprazole, the reduced glutathione content in the colon mucosa was lower than that in the control. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased and glutathione transferase and activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics to rats, the reduced glutathione content increased compared to the group of rats administered omeprazole only, and even exceeded that in the control.

scholarly journals Study of Protective effect of Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px), Vitamin E and Selenium on Iraqi children with Leukemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Saeed H. Assi ◽  
Ryaidh Sh. Al_Husain
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Cancer Diseases

The present study have been investigated the levels of antioxidant substances which including the enzyme glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px, vitamin E (α- tocopherol), and selenium, in order to estimate their roles of preventing the body cells against oxidation processes by free radicals, hydrogen peroxides, hydrofattyperoxides, reactive oxygen species, which attack the cell membrane causing damage of these cells resulting in mutation of DNA and accidence of various cancer diseases such as leukemia. By studying 30 female and 30 male, 2-14 years old, they were divided into three groups, each group formed 20 patients. These groups included two kinds of leukemia are acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The concentration level of glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px, and concentration level of α- tocopheroland selenium were significant P< 0.05 decrease in all groups of patients male and female in both kinds of leukemia's when compared to control group.

Circulating IL-6 and neopterin concentrations link cell-mediated immunity and tumor stage in patients with gastro-intestinal adenocarcinoma: relevance to the pituitary-adrenal axis and pituitary-thyroid axis

Pteridines ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Ayse Basak Engin ◽  
Atilla Engin ◽  
Aylin Sepici-Dincel ◽  
Osman Kurukahvecioglu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Carcinoma ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
Serum Acth

AbstractAlthough cortisol is a powerful modulator of the immune system and inhibits production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels do not correspond to the chronically elevated concentrations of cortisol in cancer patients. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) has been shown to have an effect on immunological functions. Actually it is not known whether cortisol, TSH and IL-6 have an effect on tumor progression via modulation of cell mediated immunity in patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma. Sixty-seven gastrointestinal cancer patients and 42 cancer-free subjects with cholelithiasis as the control group, were included in the study. Serum ACTH, cortisol, TSH, thyroid hormones, IL-6, IL-10 and neopterin levels were measured. Diagnosis and pathological staging were confirmed by surgical intervention. Cortisol levels were correlated with IL-6 in cancer patients. In addition to elevated neopterin values, linear regression analysis revealed that serum neopterin was associated more strongly with the increase of cortisol rather than IL-6 levels in advanced stage carcinoma. Furthermore, neopterin also correlated with IL-6, IL-10, cortisol and TSH levels in advanced carcinoma cases. These data indicated that cortisol, IL-6 and neopterin values of cancer patients were influenced by the tumor presence and progression.

scholarly journals Effects of Whole Body Electrostimulation Associated With Body Weight Training on Functional Capacity and Body Composition in Inactive Older People

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lopes Evangelista ◽  
Angelica Castilho Alonso ◽  
Raphael M. Ritti-Dias ◽  
Bruna Massaroto Barros ◽  
Cleison Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Moderate Correlation

Objective: To analyze the effects of whole body electrostimulation (WB-EMS) with body weight training on functional fitness and body composition of older men.Methods: Twenty physically inactive older men were randomized into: Control group (control), performed the body weight exercise training wearing electrostimulation clothing, but without receiving electrical current stimuli (n = 10), and body weight associated with whole body electrostimulation group (BW+WB-EMS), performed the body weight exercise training wearing electrostimulation clothing plus whole body electrostimulation (n = 10). The training sessions were performed twice a week for 6 weeks and included eight exercises using body weight, performed in two sets of eight repetitions. Physical function was assessed using a battery composed of seven tests, six derived from the Senior fitness test and a handgrip strength test. We also measured the muscle thickness (MT) of the biceps and triceps brachii and vastus lateralis.Results: The BW+WB-EMS group presented increased (p &lt; 0.05) performance in the 30-s chair stand test (10.2 ± 3.3 vs. 13.8 ± 5.0 reps), arm curl (16.6 ± 3.9 vs. 19.9 ± 6.1 reps), 6-min walk test (402 ± 96 vs. 500 ± 104 m), and handgrip strength test (30 ± 11 vs. 32 ± 11 kgf). The BW+WB-EMS group also presented increased MT (p &lt; 0.05) in the biceps brachii (17.7 ± 3.0 vs. 21.4 ± 3.4 mm), triceps brachial (14.7 ± 3.6 vs. 17.5 ± 4.1 mm), and vastus lateralis muscles (15.1 ± 2.6 vs. 18.6 ± 4.3 mm). Moderate correlations were found in arm curl (p = 0.011, r = 0.552) but not handgrip strength (p = 0.053, r = 0.439) with changes in the biceps MT. Moderate changes in the 6-min walk distance were significantly correlated with changes in vastus lateralis MT (p = 0.036, r = 0.471). There was a moderate correlation between the changes in the 30-s chair stand test (p = 0.006, r = 0.589) and changes in the vastus lateralis MT. Furthermore, although a moderate correlation (r = 0.438) was found between triceps MT and handgrip strength no significant difference (p = 0.053) was reported. Additionally, there were no statistical differences in any parameters for the control group.Conclusion: WB-EMS with body weight training increased functional fitness and MT in physically inactive older men.

scholarly journals Assessment of Serum Enzymatic Antioxidant Levels in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Case Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishita Gupta ◽  
Arvind Shetti ◽  
Vaishali Keluskar ◽  
Anjana Bagewadi
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Exact Etiology

Background and Aim. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral mucosal disorder characterized by recurrent, painful oral aphthae. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology of RAS remains elusive. Recently oxidant-antioxidant imbalance of the body has been implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the enzymatic antioxidant levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Materials and Methods. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were measured in 30 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and compared to the control group, which included 30 healthy subjects. Student’s t-test was performed for statistical evaluation. Results. The mean levels of superoxide dismutase (130.2 ± 15.94 U/mL) and glutathione peroxidase (3527.93 ± 488.32 U/L) were found to be significantly lower in study group as compared to control group (211.9 ± 20.93 U/mL, 8860.93 ± 1105.31 U/L, resp.) (P=0.000) while level of catalase in study group was significantly higher when compared to control group (10981.00 ± 1018.07 U/mL versus 9764.00 ± 1621.19 U/mL) (P=0.000). Conclusion. Enzymatic antioxidant system is impaired in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients and seems to play a crucial role in its pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Regulation and adaptation of endocrine axes at high altitude

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. E297-E309
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Keenan ◽  
Jacqueline Pichler Hefti ◽  
Johannes D. Veldhuis ◽  
Michael Von Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
False Discovery Rates ◽  
False Discovery ◽  
Base Camp ◽  
Extreme Altitude ◽  
Thyroid Axis

As a model of extreme conditions, eight healthy women, part of a 40-member Nepal mountain-climbing expedition, were monitored for dynamic endocrine adaptations. Endocrine measurements were made at frequent intervals over a 6–10-h period at four altitudes: 450 m, 4,800 m (base camp), 6,050 m, and again at 4,800 m (on descent) after an acclimatization (A) period (4,800 mA). Quantified hormones were growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PROL), cortisol (Cort), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and free thyroxine. These hormones are important to the anabolic/catabolic balance of the body, and are vital to growth, homeostasis, hypothalamic inhibition, regulation of stress, and metabolism. A key secondary question was the degree to which acclimatization can stabilize hormonal disruption. On the basis of statistical false discovery rates, the present analyses unveil marked adaptive changes in the thyroid axis at the level of pulsatile secretion of the pituitary hormone TSH and its downstream product, free thyroxine; strong effects on the mass of GH, TSH, Cort, and PROL secretion per burst; and prominent pulsatile frequency disruption and recovery for PROL and Cort. Because pulsatility changes reflect de facto perturbations in hypothalamo-pituitary control mechanisms, the present data introduce the concept of both frequency- and amplitude-dependent adaptive control of brain-pituitary neuroendocrine signals under conditions of extreme altitude exertion and exposure.

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